scholarly journals Clinical patterns of Uveitis in a Regional Eye Institute of North India

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 62-68
Author(s):  
Dr. Pratibha Malhotra ◽  
◽  
Dr. Mandeep Kaur ◽  
Dr. Inderjit Kaur ◽  
Dr. Prempal Kaur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Posterior Uveitis ◽  
North India ◽  
Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Eye Involvement ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory Tests

Background: Uveitis encompasses many conditions, all characterized by inflammation of the uvealtract either directly or indirectly. It can occur at any age but predominantly affects patients in theworking-age group. Objective: To report the clinical pattern of Uveitis in North India. Settings andDesign: A prospective study in a regional eye institute. Methods: After taking informed consent,100 patients with Uveitis aged 20–60 years were recruited from eye OPD between 2012- 2014.Detailed history, complete ophthalmic examination, standard diagnostic laboratory tests andradiographic studies wherever required were made. Statistical analysis used: Descriptive.Results: The mean age being 41.55 years. There were 57% males and 43% females with 32%acute uveitis and 68% chronic uveitis cases. Anterior Uveitis was seen in 83% of patients, followedby posterior Uveitis (7%), pan-uveitis (6%) and intermediate Uveitis (4%). A definite associationwith the systemic disease was determined in 27% of cases. The most frequently observed systemicdiseases were ankylosing spondylitis, Tuberculosis and herpes zoster ophthalmicus (6% cases each).This was followed by HIV (3%), sarcoidosis (3%), ulcerative colitis (2%) and endophthalmitis (1%).No specific aetiology or association with systemic diseases could be established in 73% of cases. Inmost cases, the systemic disease was not suspected before eye involvement and was recognizedonly after the subsequent diagnostic procedures. Conclusion: The etiological diagnosis of Uveitis isoften challenging as there are marked variations in ocular and systemic signs and symptoms. Asignificant number of cases may unfold with the evolution of advanced techniques.

scholarly journals The Trend in Distribution of Q223R Mutation of Leptin Receptor Gene in Amoebic Liver Abscess Patients from North India: A Prospective Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anil Kumar Verma ◽  
Vineet Ahuja ◽  
Jaishree Paul
Keyword(s):  
Liver Abscess ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
North India ◽  
Amoebic Liver Abscess ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
A Prospective Study

Host genetic susceptibility is an important risk factor in infectious diseases. We explored the distribution of Q223R mutation in leptin receptor gene of amoebic liver abscess (ALA) patients of North India. A total of 55 ALA samples along with 102 controls were subjected to PCR-RFLP analysis. The frequency of allele “G” (coding for arginine) was in general high in Indian population irrespective of the disease. Our results of Fisher exact test shows that heterozygous mutant (QQ versus QR,P=0.049) and homozygous mutant (QQ versus RR,P=0.004) were significantly associated with amoebic liver abscess when compared with homozygous wild (QQ).

Diagnosis of Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency: Limitations of Rapid Diagnostic Laboratory Tests

2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 415-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Rodríguez-Frías ◽  
Brian Vila-Auli ◽  
María Homs-Riba ◽  
Rafael Vidal-Pla ◽  
José Luis Calpe-Calpe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Antitrypsin Deficiency ◽  
Alpha 1 Antitrypsin Deficiency ◽  
Alpha 1 Antitrypsin ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory Tests

scholarly journals Bedside ultrasound as a screening test for the diagnosis of catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBI)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara de Sio ◽  
Mario Venafro ◽  
Giampiero Foccillo ◽  
Riccardo Nevola ◽  
Lucio Monaco
Keyword(s):  
Central Venous Catheter ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Central Catheter ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Suspected Infection ◽  
Intravascular Devices ◽  
A Prospective Study

Abstract Purpose Between 15 and 30% of all nosocomial bacteremias and sepsis are associated with the use of intravascular devices. Catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBI) are infections in which the organism identified in the blood is also present on the tip of the catheter itself or in a blood sample taken through it. The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of ultrasound in the diagnosis of infections related to the use of central catheters. Methods Between January 2018 and June 2019, we carried out a prospective study on 36 patients with a central catheter, such as a central venous catheter (CVC), a central catheter with peripheral insertion (PICC), or a fully implanted central venous catheter (PORT-a-cath) and who had signs and symptoms of infection. These patients were submitted to an ultrasound of the catheter upon arrival in the ward in case of suspected infection, or at the time of the onset of signs and symptoms of infection (if these arose during hospitalization). Patients with a central catheter but without signs and symptoms of infection were not included in the study. The end point of the study was to evaluate sensitivity (SENS), specificity (SPEC), positive and negative predictive value (PPV-NPV) and overall diagnostic accuracy (ODA) of ultrasound in the diagnosis of CRBI through Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results US showed a SENS of 94%, a SPEC of 84%, a PPV of 84%, an NPV of 94% and an ODA of 88.8% for the diagnosis of CRBI. Conclusions Preliminary data from our study show that US of intravascular devices has a high SENS and SPEC in the diagnosis of CRBI, and can, therefore, be used as a valid tool to decide whether to remove the device early or leave it in place.

IRIDOCYCLITIS IN JUVENILE RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Schaller ◽  
Carl Kupfer ◽  
Ralph J. Wedgwood
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Slit Lamp ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Eye Involvement ◽  
Eye Examination ◽  
Systemic Manifestations ◽  
Polyarticular Disease

Eight of 70 children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis have developed iridocyclitis. This complication occurred more frequently in patients with monoarticular and pauciarticular disease (29%) than in patients with polyarticular disease (2%). Seven of eight patients with iridocyclitis have monoarticular or pauciarticular disease; none has had prominent systemic manifestations or evidence of ankylosing spondylitis. Iridocyclitis preceded joint manifestations in two of the patients and followed arthritis by 1 to 10 years in six of the patients. Activity of iridocyclitis and arthritis seemed unrelated; four patients developed iridocyclitis while arthritis was inactive. In seven children iridocyclitis began insidiously without acute symptoms. Eye involvement has remained unilateral in six patients. Six children have had significant decrease in visual acuity, and six continue to have active ocular inflammation despite therapy. Iridocyclitis is potentially a major cause of disability in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Early signs and symptoms may be minimal. Patients at risk are those with limited forms of joint disease. Early detection and therapy are crucial for prevention of permanent ocular damage. Careful eye examination should be a routine part of physical examination of children with rheumatoid arthritis, and periodic slit lamp examinations should be performed even when arthritis is in remission.

scholarly journals Halitosis: Its Aetiology and Psychosocial Impact- A Hospital Based Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-150
Author(s):  
Gopika Kalsotra ◽  
Monica Manhas ◽  
Sachin Gupta ◽  
Heemani Bhardwaj ◽  
Parmod Kalsotra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Laryngopharyngeal Reflux ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
Psychosocial Impact ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Study Results ◽  
A Prospective Study

Introduction Halitosis means bad or unpleasant odour from oral cavity. It causes embarrassment to the patients and affects their social life and communication. This study aims to find the causes of halitosis and to assess its psychosocial impact. Materials and Methods A prospective study was conducted in the department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery in a tertiary care hospital. It included 165 patients, presenting to the ENT OPD with chief complains of oral malodour for at least 3 months. The patients in the age above 15 years and below 75 years, irrespective of gender, were included in the study. Results The age of the patients ranged from 15 to 75 years with a mean age of 52.24 ± 15.67 with male: female ratio of 7:10. The most common cause of halitosis in the present study included chronic rhinosinusitis (38.7%), gingivitis/periodontitis (19.39%), tonsillitis (4.84%), laryngopharyngeal reflux (2%), deep neck space infections (1.2%). In 23.56%, the halitosis was a symptom of an underlying malignancy. Conclusion Halitosis from an extra oral origin can be the sign of an underlying systemic disease or malignancy. The consultation should be done with the periodontist, ENT specialist and a physician.

scholarly journals Predictive Value of Alvarado Score and Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis (A prospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 99-103
Author(s):  
Waleed Saadi Ahmed ◽  
Salah M. Tajer ◽  
Hend M. Sayaly
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
General Surgeon ◽  
Emergency Ward ◽  
Alvarado Score ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Abdominal Emergencies ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background:  Acute appendicitis is the commonest non traumatic cause of acute abdominal pain that needs surgical management .Alvarado score and ultrasonographies are the most cost effective, easy and available aids for diagnosis. The aim of the study was determining   the reliability of Alvarado score and ultrasound in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Results: The study was applied with 100 cases with different types of abdominal pain at presentation with 51 males and 49 females .The sensitivity was97.3% ,specificity 90%, and accuracy  89 of combined usage of Alvarado score and U/S findings preoperatively. Patients and method:  A prospective non-interventional study including patients admitted with suggestive history with signs and symptoms of acute appendicitis to the surgical emergency ward of Baghdad teaching hospital from July 1st 2017 to Feb 10th 2018, Alvarado score calculated and ultrasonography done for each patient enrolled in this study, then to be followed for intraoperative findings. Conclusions: Combined application of Alvarado score and U/S has sensitivity 94.1% ,specificity 90% and accuracy 89% . In our medical facility and emergency ward, acute appendicitis remains as one of the top acute abdominal emergencies needing surgery in patients presenting with atypical clinical finding. So diagnosis becomes difficult. So Alvarado score along with ultrasound findings are useful for increasing the reliability in emergency department for  accurate diagnosis of acute appendicitis therefore there should be training for the use of U/S by emergency physician and general surgeon in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in order to decrease the rate of negative appendectomies .  

scholarly journals Intra-operative uterine scar condition and fetomaternal outcome in patients of previous lower segment caesarean section (LSCS) with scar tenderness

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 4911
Author(s):  
Nidhi Gupta ◽  
Renuka Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Caesarian Section ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Lower Segment ◽  
Average Hospital ◽  
Lower Segment Caesarean Section ◽  
Uterine Scar ◽  
Nicu Admission ◽  
One Year ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: During past few years, there is increasing trend in trial of labor in cases of previous lower segment caesarian section (LSCS). It needs vigilant approach in identifying signs and symptoms of giving way of previous scar. This study is to see the intra-operative uterine scar condition and feto-maternal outcome in patients of previous LSCS with scar tenderness.Methods: This is a prospective study done in Safdarjung hospital, New Delhi. It includes 120 patients of previous lower segment caesarian section with scar tenderness operated as emergency cases over a period of one year. It excludes elective repeat LSCS.Results: During this period repeat emergency LSCS was done in 862 cases and scar tenderness was seen in 120 cases (13.92 %). Out of 120 cases enrolled for the study intra-operative scar was intact in 69 cases (57.5%). Scar was thinned out in 27 cases (22.5%). Scar dehiscence was found in 21 cases (17.5%). Rupture occurred in 3 cases (2.5%) out of which 2 were Fresh still births. NICU admission was done in 11 cases (9.17%). 1 neonatal death occurred. No maternal death was recorded. Average hospital stay was 6 days. Blood transfusion was needed in 23 cases (19.2%).Conclusions: Scar tenderness is a very important tool for predicting scar integrity. All cases of previous LSCS should have institutional delivery.

Signs and Symptoms in Pediatrics

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Heart Murmurs ◽  
Physical Examinations ◽  
Ongoing Care

This convenient handbook is a comprehensive guide to the evaluation and treatment of more than 80 signs and symptoms. It is organized alphabetically, and each entry includes history and physical examinations; causes; differential diagnosis; diagnostic procedures; treatment approaches including when to refer and when to admit; ongoing care and follow-up; and prevention. Contents include: Abdominal pain Anxiety Back pain Chest pain Depression Diarrhea and steatorrhea Dizziness and vertigo Fatigue and weakness Fever Headache Heart murmurs Jaundice Rash Red eye/pink eye Sleep disturbances Speech and language concerns Vomiting Wheezing And more!

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