scholarly journals The Contents and Distributions of Natural Radionuclides 238U, 232Th, 40K in Permafrost Soils of Central Yakutia

2020 ◽  
pp. 109-123
Author(s):  
Alexander P. Chevychelov ◽  
Peter I. Sobakin
Keyword(s):  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Meadow Steppe ◽  
Permafrost Soils ◽  
Profile Distribution ◽  
Soil Clay ◽  
Humus Accumulation ◽  
High Level

The present study addresses the contents and distributions of natural radionuclides 238U, 232Th, and 40K in six main types (subtypes) of soils that have developed in friable alluvial sandy deposits within various layers of the topography of the Central Yakutian Plain. The minimum concentrations of these radionuclides are registered in forest soils of the eluvial type that have developed on weathered sandy deposits of the high level, whereas the maximum concentrations are detected in forest pale-yellow and meadow-steppe soils that have developed on loess-like carbonate loams of the middle level and in polymictic sands of the lower level of the plain, respectively. In addition to the structure of soil forming rocks, the soil formation processes in these soils, such as humus accumulation, podsolization, bleaching, and intra-soil clay deposition have a significant effect on the contents and distributions of 238U, 232Th, and 40K. In the soils examined in this study, 40K distribution followed the eluvial and uniform patterns, whereas the intra-profile distribution of 238U and 232Th was more variable, following the accumulative, eluvial, accumulative eluvial, accumulative eluvial-illuvial, and accumulative illuvial patterns. We have revealed statistically significant correlations between 238U and 232Th contents and soil contents of humus, clay, and silt

scholarly journals PROPERTIES AND ELEMENT COMPOSITION OF SOILS OF THE DENDROLOGICAL TERRITORY OF THE SIBERIAN BOTANICAL GARDEN

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.Z. Spirina ◽  
◽  
L.V. Khotskova ◽  
E.A. Zharikova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Element Composition ◽  
Soil Profiles ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Profile Distribution

The properties, content and profile distribution of macroelements in the soils of the dendrological territory of the Siberian Botanical Garden were studied. The nature of the distribution of chemical elements in soil profiles is revealed depending on the intensity of sod, podzolic and glue soil formation processes.

scholarly journals Autonomy Levels of Nursing Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-269
Author(s):  
şefika dilek güven
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Quality Care ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Level

Autonomy is one of the vocational criteria of the nursing profession and is essential for safe and quality care. Nurses begin to learn the knowledge, skills, attitudes, and values associated with their professional roles during their school years. Nursing students should primarily have a high level of autonomy to protect and improve individuals’ health, and enhance their life quality in the future. This descriptive study was carried out with 285 nursing students to determine their autonomy levels. The study data were collected using a personal information form and the autonomy subscale (AS) of the Sociotropy-Autonomy Scale. For the analysis of the data, numbers, percentages, mean and standard deviation values, Mann-Whitney U, and Kruskal Wallis tests were employed, and the significance level was accepted as p <0.05. The mean total score of the students obtained from AS was 103.65 ± 18.34. Their scores from the subscales of AS were 42.68 ± 8.16 for “personal achievement”, 40.77 ± 7.70 for “freedom”, and 20.20 ± 4.70 for “enjoying loneliness”. The mean total score of the first-grade students was found to be higher than that of other grades, but the difference was not statistically significant (p> 0.05). The autonomy level of the students was found to be above the middle level, and the autonomy level of 1st-grade students was higher than that of the students in other grades.

scholarly journals Teaching Vocabulary Through Picture Cards in Islamic Elementary School A Case Study in Nida Suksa School, Thailand

MADRASAH ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-38
Author(s):  
Like Raskova Octaberlina ◽  
Ida Fitri Anggarini
Keyword(s):  
Middle Level ◽  
School Level ◽  
Third Grade ◽  
Limited Time ◽  
Text Book ◽  
The Third ◽  
Level 3 ◽  
High Level ◽  
Primary School Level

Abstract. Nowdays, english as a subject learned in primary school level. Its because the important of english towards the student. This study was conducted aimed to know the influence of Picture Cards in teaching vocabulary to the third grade of Nida Suksa School, Thailand. The subjects of the research were students in the third grade. The researcher only took nine students in different abilities from a high level (3/1), middle level (3/2), and low level (3/3). The instrument used by the researcher was an interview. The result showed that the students still had difficulty in understanding the texts because of having a lack of vocabulary, long texts, and limited time to analyze the text in answering the question. The students studied vocabulary through Picture Cards, and they learned vocabulary tests from text book. Furthermore, the finding of this study was: Picture Cards is able to increase and enrich their vocabulary and their knowledge. The implication of Pictures Cards can motivate students to understand the text. Therefore, they can understand many texts in vocabulary tests.Keywords: Teaching Vocabulary, Picture Cards 

scholarly journals Ferum concretions in the soils of the Lviv region

2017 ◽  
pp. 256-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zinoviy Pankiv ◽  
Olena Iliasevych ◽  
Stepan Malyk
Keyword(s):  
Unsaturated Soils ◽  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Soil Material ◽  
Profile Distribution ◽  
High Level ◽  
Soil Forming Processes ◽  
Reducing Potential ◽  
Main Factor ◽  
Brown Color

It is established that ferum concretions can be observed in 60 % area of Lviv’s oblast’s and represented by brown spots, pseudophybras, ortsteins, ortzanders, nodules, layers of marsh ore. In acidic unsaturated soils of Male Polissya, Nadsanya, Precarpathians ferum concretions is the basis for diagnosing soil-forming processes and their genesis. The main factor of ferum concretions formation is the dynamics of oxidation-reducing potential. Fe-Mn pedofetures (ortsteins) dominated in the sodpodzolic gleyed soils of Malogo Pollisya, Nadsanya and in the sod-podzolic pseudogleyed soils of the Precarpathians. Their profile distribution and morphological features. Were established nodules (solid concretions of a dark brown color with a gray tint, irregular shape and with diffuse outlines) were diagnosed within the EI horizon of the brown-podzolic soil of the Precarpathians. Found features of nodules testify about the genesis of in situ. Sod glesish soils of Male Polissya, Precarpathians, valleys Pasmovogo Pobyzzya are characterized by ferum concretions of a dense consistency, a dark brown color with diffuse outlines, which are formed in horizons with long saturation of water due to cementation with soil material of oxides Fe, Al, Mn, Si. Ferum concretions are characterized by maximum accumulation of iron compound (Кх=7,21). Ortzanders and pseudophybras - glandular hydrogenated cemented neoplasms formed are within the profi les of sod pinewood soils of Male Polissya, Nadsanya which were formed on the water-glacial deposits and sod soils in the Davudiv range, formed on Neogene sands on the conditions of high level ironization of ground water and pulsating regime. Little attention is paid to the study of ferum concretions in the soils, which is a significant disadvantage in the study of the genesis of hydromorphic soils. In order to establish the genetic nature, of ferum concretions it is advisable to use modern methods of scanning electronic microscopy, mineralogical and micromorphological studies. Key words: ferum concretions, Fe-Mn pedofetures, ortsteins, nodules, soils.

scholarly journals MICROMORPHOLOGY AND PEDOGENESIS OF MOUNTAINOUS INCEPTISOLS IN THE MANTIQUEIRA RANGE (MG)

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 455-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Campos Pinto ◽  
Yuri Lopes Zinn ◽  
Carlos Rogério de Mello ◽  
Phillip Ray Owens ◽  
Lloyd Darrell Norton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Formation ◽  
Intermediate Stage ◽  
Mineral Weathering ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Subtropical Climate ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Severe Reduction ◽  
Mineral Alteration ◽  
Quartz Grains

ABSTRACTUnderstanding soil formation processes across different landscapes is needed to predict how soil properties will respond to land use change. This study aimed to characterize mountainous Inceptisols (Cambisols) under high altitude subtropical climate in southeastern Brazil, by soil physical, chemical and micromorphological analyses, under native forest and pasture. The soil under pasture had a greater bulk density than under forest, resulting in a severe reduction of macroporosity. At two depths, coarse quartz grains are angular, suggesting absence of transportational processes, thus confirming an autochthonous pedogenesis from the underlying gneissic rock. Most feldspars were weathered beyond recognition, but mineral alteration was commonly seen across cleavage plans and edges of micas. The micromorphological results suggest an intermediate stage of mineral weathering and soil development, which is in accordance with properties expected to be found in Inceptisols.

Lane Marking Detection Based on Segments with Upper and Lower Structure

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (02) ◽  
pp. 2055005
Author(s):  
Junjie Huang ◽  
Zhiling Wang ◽  
Huawei Liang ◽  
Linglong Lin ◽  
Biao Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Threshold Method ◽  
Line Segments ◽  
Lane Marking ◽  
Lane Departure ◽  
Lower Structure ◽  
Multiple Disturbance ◽  
High Level

An effective and accurate lane marking detection algorithm is a fundamental element of the intelligent vehicle system and the advanced driver assistant system, which can provide important information to ensure the vehicle runs in the lane or warn the driver in case of lane departure. However, in the complex urban environment, lane markings are always affected by illumination, shadow, rut, water, other vehicles, abandoned old lane markings and non-lane markings, etc. Meanwhile, the lane markings are weak caused by hard use over time. The dash and curve lane marking detection is also a challenge. In this paper, a new lane marking detection algorithm for urban traffic is proposed. In the low-level phase, an iterative adaptive threshold method is used for image segmentation, which is especially suitable for the blurred and weakened lane markings caused by low illumination or wear. In the middle-level phase, the algorithm clusters the candidate pixels into line segments, and the upper and lower structure is used to cluster the line segments into candidate lanes, which is more suitable for curve and dashed lane markings. In the high-level phase, we compute the highest scores to get the two optimal lane markings. The optimal strategy can exclude interference similar to lane markings. We test our algorithm on Future Challenge TSD-Lane dataset and KITTI UM dataset. The results show our algorithm can effectively detect lane markings under multiple disturbance, occlusions and sharp curves.

Robust Bipedal Locomotion Based on a Hierarchical Control Structure

Robotica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 1750-1767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianwen Luo ◽  
Yao Su ◽  
Lecheng Ruan ◽  
Ye Zhao ◽  
Donghyun Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Hierarchical Control ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Smooth Transition ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Joint Torques ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Hybrid Controller ◽  
High Level

SummaryTo improve biped locomotion’s robustness to internal and external disturbances, this study proposes a hierarchical structure with three control levels. At the high level, a foothold sequence is generated so that the Center of Mass (CoM) trajectory tracks a planned path. The planning procedure is simplified by selecting the midpoint between two consecutive Center of Pressure (CoP) points as the feature point. At the middle level, a novel robust hybrid controller is devised to drive perturbed system states back to the nominal trajectory within finite cycles without chattering. The novelty lies in that the hybrid controller is not subject to linear CoM dynamic constraints. The hybrid controller consists of two sub-controllers: an oscillation controller and a smoothing controller. For the oscillation controller, the desired CoM height is specified as a sine-shaped function, avoiding a new attractive limit cycle. However, this controller results in the inevitable chattering because of discontinuities. A smoothing controller provides continuous properties and thus can inhibit the chattering problem, but has a smaller region of attraction compared with the oscillation controller. A hybrid controller merges the two controllers for a smooth transition. At the low level, the desired CoM motion is defined as tasks and embedded in a whole body operational space (WBOS) controller to compute the joint torques analytically. The novelty of the low-level controller lies in that within the WBOS framework, CoM motion is not subject to fixed CoM dynamics and thus can be generalized.

Challenges facing Islamic Azad University academic leaders in managerial positions

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 694-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Hamidifar
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Development ◽  
Professional Growth ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Leadership Development Programs ◽  
Academic Leaders ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Managerial Positions ◽  
High Level

Purpose – Over the past three decades, academic leaders at Islamic Azad University (IAU) have been facing different challenges for the success of the institutions. The purpose of this paper is to identify the challenges confronting IAU academic leaders in managerial positions. Design/methodology/approach – In this qualitative study, questionnaires containing open-ended questions were sent to academic leaders in managerial positions at IAU branches in Iran and the collected data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Findings – The results revealed that the main challenges were categorized into two themes: internal and external environmental factors. Internal challenges were sub-categorized into administration and managerial affairs, financial issues, organizational culture, and students’ affairs. External challenges were sub-categorized into political, economic, social, and technological factors, and international and national competitions. Research limitations/implications – This study is limited to Iran and IAU academic leaders who worked mainly in high-level and middle-level of managerial positions; therefore, the results cannot be generalized. The key implications are related to applying continuous professional growth through collaborative and qualified development programs. The implications could be appropriate for other higher education institutions in Iran. Originality/value – This is the first attempt to study the challenges confronting IAU academic leaders in Iran. The findings can help IAU academic leaders plan the most appropriate framework for professional academic leadership development programs.

The Structure of Archaeological Theory

1988 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael B. Schiffer
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Social Theory ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Archaeological Record ◽  
Archaeological Theory ◽  
Low Level ◽  
High Level ◽  
Theory Reconstruction

Contradictory programmatic statements have increased uncertainty about the nature and roles of theory in archaeology. However, a framework can be constructed that ties together diverse kinds of theory that archaeologists use-and often create. Three overarching realms of theory can be recognized, each consisting of one or more functionally defined domains: social theory, reconstruction theory (the domains are material-culture dynamics and cultural and noncultural formation processes of the archaeological record), and methodological theory (the domains are recovery, analysis, and inference). Within each domain are high-level, mid-level, and low-level theories. Previous investigators often have overlooked the richness and complexity of archaeological theory, sometimes generalizing from a very narrow perspective.

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