scholarly journals Seasonal dynamics of non-structural carbohydrate content in branch of Quercus variabilis growing in east Qinling Mountain range

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 521-531
Author(s):  
Yi-Ping ZHANG ◽  
Xu-Ying HAI ◽  
Jun-Liang XU ◽  
Wen-Xia WU ◽  
Peng-He CAO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Dynamics ◽  
Carbohydrate Content ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Quercus Variabilis ◽  
Qinling Mountain ◽  
Structural Carbohydrate

Seasonal dynamics of non-structural carbohydrate contents in leaves of Quercus variabilis growing in the east Qinling Mountain range

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
章异平 ZHANG Yiping ◽  
曹鹏鹤 CAO Penghe ◽  
徐军亮 XU Junliang ◽  
海旭莹 HAI Xuying ◽  
吴文霞 WU Wenxia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Dynamics ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Quercus Variabilis ◽  
Qinling Mountain ◽  
Structural Carbohydrate ◽  
Carbohydrate Contents

Low-frequency divergence of tree-ring d18O variations on both sides of climatic boundary mountain of eastern China since 1980s

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Li ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
Huiming Song
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Decadal Time Scale ◽  
Qinling Mountain ◽  
Significant Divergence

<p>The Qinling Mountain is the most important mountain range in eastern China, and is the geographical boundary and the climatic boundary. We investigated tree-ring d18O variations in South and North Slope of the Qinling Mountain, and found that the variations of tree-ring  d18O were significantly correlated over the past two and a half centuries (r=0.641, n=247, p<0.001). And they are negatively correlated with relative humidity and precipitation, and positively correlated with temperature. Compared with the various hydroclimate-related time series in the surrounding area, it is found that both can represent the region's long-term hydroclimate change. The consistent changes in the interannual time scale may be due to the common modulation of ENSO. However, on the decadal time scale, there have been significant divergence between the two tree-ring  d18O series since 1981 and the divergence may be caused by changes in relative humidity at the sampling site, suggesting that in the context of global warming, although the warming range is the same, but the triggered relative humidity changes are not consistent. In addition, changes in PDO may be another cause of low-frequency difference.</p>

Effects of dietary neutral detergent fibre to protein ratio on duodenal microbial nitrogen flow and nitrogen losses in lactating cows fed high-concentrate total mixed rations with different forage combinations

2015 ◽  
Vol 153 (4) ◽  
pp. 753-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. C. REN ◽  
X. JIN ◽  
Z. H. ZHANG ◽  
H. J. YANG ◽  
S. L. LI
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Carbohydrate Content ◽  
Rumen Content ◽  
N Losses ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fibre ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Structural Carbohydrate

SUMMARYThe objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of dietary neutral detergent fibre (NDF) : crude protein (CP) ratio on duodenal microbial crude protein (MCP) flow and nitrogen (N) losses. The study was completed in a 5 × 5 Latin square design with five lactating Holstein dairy cows and 5 high-concentrate total mixed rations (TMR) with different forage combinations, typical for Northern China. The rations with a fixed forage-to-concentrate ratio (39 : 61) resulted in different dietary NDF : CP ratios: TMR1 3·03 : 1 (428·2 g NDF/kg : 141·4 g CP/kg); TMR2 2·74 : 1 (392·7 g NDF/kg : 143·2 g CP/kg); TMR3 2·55 : 1 (368·3 g NDF/kg : 144·4 g CP/kg); TMR4 1·84 : 1 (304·8 g NDF/kg : 165·8 g CP/kg); TMR5 1·60 : 1 (285·0 g NDF/kg : 178·0 g CP/kg). Rumen content, milk, blood, urine and faeces were sampled on the last 3 days of five 18-day periods. Purine derivatives in the urine samples were determined to estimate rumen MCP flow into the small intestine. Milk yield and milk protein yield increased linearly with decreasing dietary NDF : CP ratio although slight differences in dry matter intake were observed due to feed intake restriction. Diurnal ammonia N in the rumen and duodenal MCP flow increased linearly, but blood urea N, urinary N and faecal N linearly decreased with decreasing dietary NDF : CP ratio. The enhanced N utilization in the maize-silage-based TMRs (TMR4–5) in comparison with maize-stover-based TMRs (TMR1–3) increased milk yield and the synthesis of milk protein instead of milk fat in the lactating cows, probably due to high transfer of ammonia N into rumen MCP with a considerable increase of dietary non-fibre carbohydrate content and the decrease of NDF : CP ratio. The present results indicate that not only increasing dietary non-structural carbohydrate content but also adjusting the ratio of structural carbohydrate to CP ratio are important diet formulation strategies for mitigating N losses in lactating cows.

Non-structural carbohydrate content in cryptogamic Antarctic species after two years of passive warming on the Fildes Peninsula

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angélica Casanova-Katny ◽  
Marisol Pizarro ◽  
Marta María Caballero ◽  
Raúl Cordero ◽  
Gustavo E. Zúiga
Keyword(s):  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Carbohydrate Content ◽  
Specific Response ◽  
Fildes Peninsula ◽  
Antarctic Species ◽  
Passive Warming ◽  
Antarctic Ecosystem ◽  
Structural Carbohydrate ◽  
Specific Increase ◽  
Species Specific

Cryptogamic vegetation dominates the ice-free areas of the maritime Antarctic. This particular flora grows slowly due to extreme environmental conditions, typically low temperature that may limit growth during a short summer. Over the last 50 years, the Antarctic Peninsula has undergone the highest registered temperature increases in Antarctica. As a consequence of higher temperatures, we hypothesized that lichens and mosses would produce more carbohydrates. To test this, open top chambers (OTCs) were installed in an Usnea-Himantormia community on Fildes Peninsula of King George Island. After two years, lichen thalli and plant tissues were collected to quantify non-structural carbohydrates in three lichens and two mosses. Responses contrasted between species. While non-structural carbohydrates were higher in the OTC for the lichen Himantormia lugubris, the values decreased in the moss Polytrichastrum alpinum. No marked responses to experimental warming were observed in the other three species. A significant species-specific increase in soluble sugar was observed inside the OTCs, while polyols content were not markedly different due to OTC treatment. In general, the obtained results indicate that warming does not increase carbohydrate content in all cryptogams, instead suggesting a strong species-specific response to a scenario of global warming. Further long-term warming experiments are needed to assess the responses of target species in the terrestrial Antarctic ecosystem.

Spring precipitation effects on formation of first row of earlywood vessels in Quercus variabilis at Qinling Mountain (China)

Trees ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 457-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiping Zhang ◽  
Junliang Xu ◽  
Wei Su ◽  
Xiping Zhao ◽  
Xiaoli Xu
Keyword(s):  
Spring Precipitation ◽  
Quercus Variabilis ◽  
Qinling Mountain ◽  
Earlywood Vessels
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