scholarly journals Quantitative Assessment of the Development of Micromycete Colony on the Surfaces of Polymers and Polymer Composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 367-379
Author(s):  
E.A. Isaev ◽  
F.A. Doronin ◽  
A.G. Evdokimov ◽  
D.V. Pervukhin ◽  
Yu.V. Rudyak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Hyperbolic Model ◽  
Wearable Electronics ◽  
Technology Infrastructure ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Biological Compatibility ◽  
Nitrile Rubbers ◽  
Living Tissues

The need to ensure the possibility of widespread use of electronic and mobile health-saving technologies requires not only the formation of an appropriate information technology infrastructure and the development of effective algorithms for processing a large amount of personal information. Development of medical devices for recording physiological processes also involves the creation of innovative biologically compatible materials that allow sensors and medical sensors to work continuously in 24/7 mode. Taking into account the long-term positive experience of using large-capacity thermoplastics and elastomers in medical equipment, it seems promising to use the corresponding polymers as the main materials of wearable electronics for medical purposes. At the same time, to ensure the biological compatibility of the materials under discussion, it is necessary to minimize the possibility of the development of pathogenic microorganisms on surfaces in contact with living tissues. This type of pathogenic organisms (pathogens of a number of dangerous diseases – mycoses) includes some types of microscopic fungi - micromycetes (in particular, Aspergillus niger van Tiegem; Aspergillus terreus Thom; Penicillium cycopium Westling). The article examines the effect of surface modification by gas-phase fluorination on the nature and degree of development of a mixed colony of micromycetes on the surfaces of experimental samples made of several types of thermoplastics (polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, low-density polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate) and elastomers (butyl- and butadiene-nitrile rubbers, as well as ethylene, propylene and dicyclopentadiene copolymers). The nature and degree of development of colonies are quantitatively described using the original methodology developed earlier. The effect of fluorination on the nanotexture and chemical composition of the surface and near-surface layers of experimental samples was demonstrated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and IR Fourier spectroscopy (IRFS). The dynamics and efficiency of fluorination are described using a linearized hyperbolic model, the parameters of which are set by the least squares method.

scholarly journals MIM and nonlinear least‐squares inversions of AEM data in Barataria basin, Louisiana

Geophysics ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 1126-1131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Whitten Bryan ◽  
Kenneth W. Holladay ◽  
Clyde J. Bergeron ◽  
Juliette W. Ioup ◽  
George E. Ioup
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Nonlinear Least Squares ◽  
Image Method ◽  
Water Conductivity ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Barataria Basin ◽  
Airborne Electromagnetic Survey ◽  
Nonlinear Least Squares Method

An airborne electromagnetic survey was performed over the marsh and estuarine waters of the Barataria basin of Louisiana. Two inversion methods were applied to the measured data to calculate layer thicknesses and conductivities: the modified image method (MIM) and a nonlinear least‐squares method of inversion using two two‐layer forward models and one three‐layer forward model, with results generally in good agreement. Uniform horizontal water layers in the near‐shore Gulf of Mexico with the fresher (less saline, less conductive) water above the saltier (more saline, more conductive) water can be seen clearly. More complex near‐surface layering showing decreasing salinity/conductivity with depth can be seen in the marshes and inland areas. The first‐layer water depth is calculated to be 1–2 m, with the second‐layer water depth around 4 m. The first‐layer marsh and beach depths are computed to be 0–3 m, and the second‐layer marsh and beach depths vary from 2 to 9 m. The first‐layer water conductivity is calculated to be 2–3 S/m, with the second‐layer water conductivity around 3 to 4 S/m and the third‐layer water conductivity 4–5 S/m. The first‐layer marsh conductivity is computed to be mainly 1–2 S/m, and the second‐ and third‐layer marsh conductivities vary from 0.5 to 1.5 S/m, with the conductivities decreasing as depth increases except on the beach, where layer three has a much higher conductivity, ranging up to 3 S/m.

scholarly journals Diagnostics of physiological processes in living tissues by the method of optical visualization of blood pulsation

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-271
Author(s):  
A.V. Belaventseva ◽  
Yu.N. Kulchin ◽  
R.V. Romashko ◽  
T.S. Zaporozhets ◽  
E.V. Persiyanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Optical Visualization ◽  
Living Tissues

An Improved ECG Steganography Using Integer Wavelet Transform and Offset Coefficient with LSB Substitution

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching-Yu Yang ◽  
Wen-Fong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Wavelet Transform ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Computation Time ◽  
Integer Wavelet Transform ◽  
Wearable Electronics ◽  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
Hiding Capacity ◽  
Offset Coefficient ◽  
Integer Wavelet

Abstract In this work, we present an improved steganography for electrocardiogram (ECG) hosts to solve the issues of existing ECG steganographic methods, which have less hiding capacity and insufficient signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)/ peak SNR (PSNR). Based on the integer wavelet transform (IWT) domain, sensitive (or private) data such as patients’ data and personal information can be efficiently embedded in an ECG host via the IWT coefficient adjustment and the least significant bit (LSB) technique. Simulations confirmed that the SNR/ PSNR, and payload of the proposed method outperform those of existing techniques. In addition, the proposed method is capable of resisting attacks, such as cropping, Gaussian noise-addition inversion, scaling, translation, and truncation attacks from third parties (or adversaries). Due to the fast computation time, the proposed method can be employed in portable biometric devices or wearable electronics.

scholarly journals Personal Information Management Practices and Behaviors of Social Sciences’ Students

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanwal Ameen
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Information Management ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Online Information ◽  
Personal Information Management ◽  
Technology Infrastructure ◽  
Google Docs ◽  
The University

This study reports the personal information management (PIM) behavior of university students under the backdrop of development of information and digital technology infrastructure in Pakistan. The PIM field has been explored through various perspectives in the developed world, but hardly any studies from the developing countries, specifically from the South Asian Region were found. The present, first study from Pakistan , adopted quantitative research design based on a pretested questionnaire to collect data from a sample of 221 students of master programs who were studying in their final semesters in five social sciences disciplines under Faculty of Economics and Management Sciences at the University of the Punjab (PU), Pakistan. The key findings revealed that most frequently used tools for relocating information once found are downloads on personal computers, self-created digital document (e.g. MSWord, Excel, Google Docs, etc.), URLs and hyperlinks. URLs are the most commonly used elements to save online information for future use. The revelation of their practices establishes that they need appropriate training regarding their personal information management.

Extending WLCSP Packaging Technology Capabilities to Enable Miniaturized Sensor and MEMS Packaging Applications

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 (DPC) ◽  
pp. 000397-000420
Author(s):  
Ted Tessier
Keyword(s):  
Smart Phone ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Wearable Electronics ◽  
Wafer Level ◽  
Technology Infrastructure ◽  
Sensor Applications ◽  
Mems Sensor ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Communication Devices ◽  
Multiple Sensor

WLCSP has been widely deployed in portable computing and communication devices for efficient die level packaging of integrated semiconductor and integrated passive applications. More recently with the proliferation of smart phone capabilities and applications as well as the emergence of Internet of Things and Wearable Electronics, MEMS and sensor devices in minimized package formats have become increasingly pervasive. These include image sensors, light sensors, finger print sensors as well as accelerometer, gyroscope and other MEMS motion sensing devices. It is predicted that the widespread adoption of WLCSP packaging for sensing applications will accelerate the proliferation of the incorporation of multiple sensor technologies within future communication devices. A number of these MEMS/Sensor applications have been able to leverage the existing WLCSP technology infrastructure and has led to opportunities to packaging and cost-effective standardization and miniaturization. On the other hand, some significant new changes to WLCSP process flows have also emerged that have had to be addressed. This paper will provide an overview of MEMS and Sensor applications that are currently or will use 2D, 2.5D or 3D wafer level packaging formats. Process enhancements including the ability to process thinner substrates with the adoption of temporary carrier technologies will also be highlighted.

scholarly journals Deep learning-enabled triboelectric smart socks for IoT-based gait analysis and VR applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zixuan Zhang ◽  
Tianyiyi He ◽  
Minglu Zhu ◽  
Zhongda Sun ◽  
Qiongfeng Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
Identification Accuracy ◽  
Wearable Electronics ◽  
Analysis Methods

Abstract The era of artificial intelligence and internet of things is rapidly developed by recent advances in wearable electronics. Gait reveals sensory information in daily life containing personal information, regarding identification and healthcare. Current wearable electronics of gait analysis are mainly limited by high fabrication cost, operation energy consumption, or inferior analysis methods, which barely involve machine learning or implement nonoptimal models that require massive datasets for training. Herein, we developed low-cost triboelectric intelligent socks for harvesting waste energy from low-frequency body motions to transmit wireless sensory data. The sock equipped with self-powered functionality also can be used as wearable sensors to deliver information, regarding the identity, health status, and activity of the users. To further address the issue of ineffective analysis methods, an optimized deep learning model with an end-to-end structure on the socks signals for the gait analysis is proposed, which produces a 93.54% identification accuracy of 13 participants and detects five different human activities with 96.67% accuracy. Toward practical application, we map the physical signals collected through the socks in the virtual space to establish a digital human system for sports monitoring, healthcare, identification, and future smart home applications.

Benthic foraminiferal zonation in deep-water carbonate platform margin environments, northern Little Bahama Bank

1988 ◽  
Vol 62 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald E. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Deep Water ◽  
Benthic Foraminifera ◽  
Carbonate Platform ◽  
Sedimentary Facies ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Sediment Gravity Flows ◽  
Gravity Flows ◽  
Platform Margin ◽  
Water Carbonate

The utility of benthic foraminifera in bathymetric interpretation of clastic depositional environments is well established. In contrast, bathymetric distribution of benthic foraminifera in deep-water carbonate environments has been largely neglected. Approximately 260 species and morphotypes of benthic foraminifera were identified from 12 piston core tops and grab samples collected along two traverses 25 km apart across the northern windward margin of Little Bahama Bank at depths of 275-1,135 m. Certain species and operational taxonomic groups of benthic foraminifera correspond to major near-surface sedimentary facies of the windward margin of Little Bahama Bank and serve as reliable depth indicators. Globocassidulina subglobosa, Cibicides rugosus, and Cibicides wuellerstorfi are all reliable depth indicators, being most abundant at depths >1,000 m, and are found in lower slope periplatform aprons, which are primarily comprised of sediment gravity flows. Reef-dwelling peneroplids and soritids (suborder Miliolina) and rotaliines (suborder Rotaliina) are most abundant at depths <300 m, reflecting downslope bottom transport in proximity to bank-margin reefs. Small miliolines, rosalinids, and discorbids are abundant in periplatform ooze at depths <300 m and are winnowed from the carbonate platform. Increased variation in assemblage diversity below 900 m reflects mixing of shallow- and deep-water species by sediment gravity flows.

Integrating perspectives: How the development of second-personal competence lays the foundation for a second-personal morality

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Corbit ◽  
Chris Moore
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Developmental Process ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Personal Competence ◽  
Triadic Interactions ◽  
Personal Morality ◽  
Integrative Process

Abstract The integration of first-, second-, and third-personal information within joint intentional collaboration provides the foundation for broad-based second-personal morality. We offer two additions to this framework: a description of the developmental process through which second-personal competence emerges from early triadic interactions, and empirical evidence that collaboration with a concrete goal may provide an essential focal point for this integrative process.

Microstructural comparison of synthetic bioceramics with natural bioceramics

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 38-39
Author(s):  
Shulin Wen ◽  
Jingwei Feng ◽  
A. Krajewski ◽  
A. Ravaglioli
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Human Tissues ◽  
Main Constituent ◽  
Laboratory Furnace ◽  
Chinese Adult ◽  
Human Enamel ◽  
Biological Compatibility ◽  
Synthetic Hydroxyapatite ◽  
Synthetic Work

Hydroxyapatite bioceramics has attracted many material scientists as it is the main constituent of the bone and the teeth in human body. The synthesis of the bioceramics has been performed for years. Nowadays, the synthetic work is not only focused on the hydroapatite but also on the fluorapatite and chlorapatite bioceramics since later materials have also biological compatibility with human tissues; and they may also be very promising for clinic purpose. However, in comparison of the synthetic bioceramics with natural one on microstructure, a great differences were observed according to our previous results. We have investigated these differences further in this work since they are very important to appraise the synthetic bioceramics for their clinic application.The synthetic hydroxyapatite and chlorapatite were prepared according to A. Krajewski and A. Ravaglioli and their recent work. The briquettes from different hydroxyapatite or chlorapatite powders were fired in a laboratory furnace at the temperature of 900-1300°C. The samples of human enamel selected for the comparison with synthetic bioceramics were from Chinese adult teeth.

Analysis of 2D and 3D defects associated with precipitation of Cu in silicon

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 870-871
Author(s):  
P.M. Rice ◽  
MJ. Kim ◽  
R.W. Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Colony Growth ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Silicide Phase ◽  
Strain Fields ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Unknown Composition ◽  
Secondary Precipitates ◽  
20 Nm ◽  
2D And 3D

Extrinsic gettering of Cu on near-surface dislocations in Si has been the topic of recent investigation. It was shown that the Cu precipitated hetergeneously on dislocations as Cu silicide along with voids, and also with a secondary planar precipitate of unknown composition. Here we report the results of investigations of the sense of the strain fields about the large (~100 nm) silicide precipitates, and further analysis of the small (~10-20 nm) planar precipitates.Numerous dark field images were analyzed in accordance with Ashby and Brown's criteria for determining the sense of the strain fields about precipitates. While the situation is complicated by the presence of dislocations and secondary precipitates, micrographs like those shown in Fig. 1(a) and 1(b) tend to show anomalously wide strain fields with the dark side on the side of negative g, indicating the strain fields about the silicide precipitates are vacancy in nature. This is in conflict with information reported on the η'' phase (the Cu silicide phase presumed to precipitate within the bulk) whose interstitial strain field is considered responsible for the interstitial Si atoms which cause the bounding dislocation to expand during star colony growth.

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