scholarly journals Rapid ESKAPE Pathogens Detection Method using Tapered Dielectrophoresis Electrodes via Crossover Frequency Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 2913-2925
Author(s):  
Muhammad Khairulanwar Abdul Rahim ◽  
Nur Mas Ayu Jamaludin ◽  
Jacinta Santhanam ◽  
Azrul Azlan Hamzah ◽  
Muhamad Ramdzan Buyong
Keyword(s):  
Detection Method ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Uniform Electric Field ◽  
Bacteria Detection ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Crossover Frequency ◽  
Eskape Pathogens ◽  
Voltage Peak ◽  
Droplet Method

This paper introduces the versatile of an electrokinetic technique by using the non-uniform electric field for dielectrophoresis (DEP) application. This technique is defined as electromicrofluidics. The potential application for portable and real time detection method of Enterococcus faecium (EF), Staphylococcus aureus (SA), Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP), Acinetobacter baumannii (AB), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) and Enterobacter aerogenes (EA), which are the (ESKAPE) bacteria. The MATLAB analytical modelling was used in simulating the polarisation factor and velocities of bacteria based on Clausius-Mossotti factor (CMF). The validation of CMF simulation through the DEP experimental can be quantified based on the response of alternating current (AC) voltage applied using 6 voltage peak to peak (Vp-p) to their input frequencies from 100 to 15000 kHz. The droplet method was deployed to place properly 0.2 μL of sample onto DEP microelectrode. The velocities and crossover frequency (fxo) ranges of bacteria were determined through bacteria trajectory in specific time interval monitored by microscope attached with eyepiece camera. The applied range of input frequencies from 100 to 15000 kHz at 6 Vp-p for each bacteria were successfully identified the unique ranges of frequencies response for detection application. The advantages of this works are selective with rapid capability for multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria detection application.

scholarly journals Mechanisms of Antimicrobial Resistance in ESKAPE Pathogens

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sirijan Santajit ◽  
Nitaya Indrawattana
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Drug Usage ◽  
Inappropriate Use ◽  
Public Health Challenges ◽  
Eskape Pathogens

The ESKAPE pathogens (Enterococcus faecium,Staphylococcus aureus,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Acinetobacter baumannii,Pseudomonas aeruginosa, andEnterobacterspecies) are the leading cause of nosocomial infections throughout the world. Most of them are multidrug resistant isolates, which is one of the greatest challenges in clinical practice. Multidrug resistance is amongst the top three threats to global public health and is usually caused by excessive drug usage or prescription, inappropriate use of antimicrobials, and substandard pharmaceuticals. Understanding the resistance mechanisms of these bacteria is crucial for the development of novel antimicrobial agents or other alternative tools to combat these public health challenges. Greater mechanistic understanding would also aid in the prediction of underlying or even unknown mechanisms of resistance, which could be applied to other emerging multidrug resistant pathogens. In this review, we summarize the known antimicrobial resistance mechanisms of ESKAPE pathogens.

scholarly journals 5-Arylideneimidazolones with Amine at Position 3 as Potential Antibiotic Adjuvants against Multidrug Resistant Bacteria

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneta Kaczor ◽  
Karolina Witek ◽  
Sabina Podlewska ◽  
Joanna Czekajewska ◽  
Annamaria Lubelska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Efflux Pump ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Aromatic Rings ◽  
Efflux Pump Inhibitor ◽  
Fold Reduction ◽  
Dual Action ◽  
New Compounds

Searching for new chemosensitizers of bacterial multidrug resistance (MDR), chemical modifications of (Z)-5-(4-chlorobenzylidene)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-3H-imidazol-4(5H)-one (6) were performed. New compounds (7–17), with fused aromatic rings at position 5, were designed and synthesized. Crystallographic X-ray analysis proved that the final compounds (7–17) were substituted with tertiary amine-propyl moiety at position 3 and primary amine group at 2 due to intramolecular Dimroth rearrangement. New compounds were evaluated on their antibiotic adjuvant properties in either Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria. Efflux pump inhibitor (EPI) properties towards the AcrAB-TolC pump in Enterobacter aerogenes (EA289) were investigated in the real-time efflux (RTE) assay. Docking and molecular dynamics were applied to estimate an interaction of compounds 6–17 with penicillin binding protein (PBP2a). In vitro ADME-Tox properties were evaluated for compound 9. Most of the tested compounds reduced significantly (4-32-fold) oxacillin MIC in highly resistant MRSA HEMSA 5 strain. The anthracene-morpholine derivative (16) was the most potent (32-fold reduction). The tested compounds displayed significant EPI properties during RTE assay (37–97%). The naphthyl-methylpiperazine derivative 9 showed the most potent “dual action” of both oxacillin adjuvant (MRSA) and EPI (E. aerogenes). Molecular modeling results suggested the allosteric mechanism of action of the imidazolones, which improved binding of oxacillin in the PBP2a active site in MRSA.

scholarly journals Multidrug-Resistant Proteus mirabilis Strain with Cointegrate Plasmid

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1775
Author(s):  
Andrey Shelenkov ◽  
Lyudmila Petrova ◽  
Valeria Fomina ◽  
Mikhail Zamyatin ◽  
Yulia Mikhaylova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whole Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Intestinal Microflora ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Long Read ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Eskape Pathogens

Proteus mirabilis is a component of the normal intestinal microflora of humans and animals, but can cause urinary tract infections and even sepsis in hospital settings. In recent years, the number of multidrug-resistant P. mirabilis isolates, including the ones producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), is increasing worldwide. However, the number of investigations dedicated to this species, especially, whole-genome sequencing, is much lower in comparison to the members of the ESKAPE pathogens group. This study presents a detailed analysis of clinical multidrug-resistant ESBL-producing P. mirabilis isolate using short- and long-read whole-genome sequencing, which allowed us to reveal possible horizontal gene transfer between Klebsiella pneumoniae and P. mirabilis plasmids and to locate the CRISPR-Cas system in the genome together with its probable phage targets, as well as multiple virulence genes. We believe that the data presented will contribute to the understanding of antibiotic resistance acquisition and virulence mechanisms for this important pathogen.

scholarly journals Characterizing the Biology of Lytic Bacteriophage vB_EaeM_φEap-3 Infecting Multidrug-Resistant Enterobacter aerogenes

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiangtao Zhao ◽  
Zheng Zhang ◽  
Changyu Tian ◽  
Xiao Chen ◽  
Lingfei Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Lytic Bacteriophage

A simple and rapid colorimetric bacteria detection method based on bacterial inhibition of glucose oxidase-catalyzed reaction

Talanta ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 197 ◽  
pp. 304-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiahui Sun ◽  
Jia Huang ◽  
Yulong Li ◽  
Junwei Lv ◽  
Xianting Ding
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Oxidase ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Bacteria Detection ◽  
Bacterial Inhibition

scholarly journals Inhibitors of Antibiotic Efflux in Resistant Enterobacter aerogenes and Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains

2004 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 1043-1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Chevalier ◽  
Jérôme Bredin ◽  
Abdallah Mahamoud ◽  
Monique Malléa ◽  
Jacques Barbe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Efflux Pump ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistance Phenotype ◽  
Pump Mechanism ◽  
Energy Dependent ◽  
Antibiotic Efflux

ABSTRACT In Enterobacter aerogenes and Klebsiella pneumoniae, efflux provides efficient extrusion of antibiotics and contributes to the multidrug resistance phenotype. One of the alkoxyquinoline derivatives studied here, 2,8-dimethyl-4-(2′-pyrrolidinoethyl)-oxyquinoline, restores noticeable drug susceptibility to resistant clinical strains. Analyses of energy-dependent chloramphenicol efflux indicate that this compound inhibits the efflux pump mechanism and improves the activity of structurally unrelated antibiotics on multidrug-resistant E. aerogenes and K. pneumoniae isolates.

scholarly journals A Recombinase Aided Amplification Assay for Rapid Detection of the Klebsiella pneumoniae Carbapenemase Gene and Its Characteristics in Klebsiella pneumoniae

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiwei Zhang ◽  
Yanling Feng ◽  
Hanqing Zhao ◽  
Chao Yan ◽  
Junxia Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae Carbapenemase ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Fecal Carriage ◽  
Carbapenemase Gene ◽  
Amplification Assay

Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase genes (blaKPC) play an important role in carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in China. A rapid detection method for blaKPC genes and investigations into the molecular characteristics of blaKPC positive Klebsiella pneumoniae were necessary. In this study, an easy and rapid recombinase aided amplification assay (RAA) for blaKPC was established. This protocol could be completed at 39°C in 15–20 min. The sensitivity of this assay was determined as 48 copies per reaction, and the specificity was 100%. The blaKPC RAA method could be used for clinical diagnosis and epidemiological investigation. Among 801 fecal samples from inpatients, 34 blaKPC positive isolates were identified from each sample, of which 23 isolates were K. pneumoniae. ST11 with blaKPC-2 was the most prevalent type. All these strains were multidrug resistant and carried various virulence genes. Fecal carriage of blaKPC positive carbapenem-resistant K.pneumoniae poses significant challenges for public health control.

scholarly journals Imipenem Resistance of Enterobacter aerogenes Mediated by Outer Membrane Permeability

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 1048-1052 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charléric Bornet ◽  
Anne Davin-Regli ◽  
Claude Bosi ◽  
Jean-Marie Pages ◽  
Claude Bollet
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Permeability ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Fatality Rate ◽  
Evolution Of Resistance ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Imipenem Resistance ◽  
Outer Membrane Permeability ◽  
Cessation Of Treatment

Multidrug-resistant Enterobacter aerogenes strains are increasingly isolated in Europe and especially in France. Treatment leads to imipenem resistance, because of a lack of porin. We studied the evolution of resistance in 29 strains isolated from four patients during their clinical course. These strains belonged to the prevalent epidemiological type observed in France in previous studies (C. Bosi, et al., J. Clin. Microbiol. 37:2165–2169, 1999; A. Davin-Regli et al., J. Clin. Microbiol. 34:1474–1480, 1996). They also harbored a TEM-24 extended-spectrum β-lactamase-coding gene. Thirteen strains were susceptible to gentamicin and resistant to imipenem and cefepime. All of the patients showed E. aerogenes strains with this resistance after an imipenem treatment. One patient showed resistance to imipenem after a treatment with cefpirome. Twelve of these 13 strains showed a lack of porin. Cessation of treatment with imipenem for three patients was followed by reversion of susceptibility to this antibiotic and the reappearance of porins, except in one case. For one patient, we observed three times in the same day the coexistence of resistant strains lacking porin and susceptible strains possessing porin. The emergence of multidrug-resistant E. aerogenes strains is very disquieting. In our study, infection by E. aerogenesincreased the severity of the patients' illnesses, causing a 100% fatality rate.

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