Formalization of the External Environment Uncertainty in the Power Equipment Operating

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 405-411
Author(s):  
I. A. Shcherbatov
Keyword(s):  
External Environment ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
The State ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Mathematical Tool ◽  
Power Equipment ◽  
Different Types ◽  
State Of The Environment

Operating conditions of the power facilities equipment have an impact on its technical condition. These conditions are determined by the state of the external (environment) environment. Deviations of environmental parameters from the required (normative) values can accelerate negative trends leading to failures, accidents and, accordingly, economic damage from downtime and restoration of the proper technical condition of power equipment. Therefore, taking into account the state of the environment is an important aspect of solving the problems of monitoring, diagnosis and forecasting of technical condition, as well as solving the problems of management and decision support in the operation of energy facilities. The external environment is characterized by different types of uncertainty. The different uncertainties of the external environment determine the need to choose or correct the way to achieve the goal of management or decision-making. Therefore, the paper proposes a formalized description of the environment state, which has uncertainties of different types. Synthesized operations to obtain states different from the" typical " obtained, for example, at the design stage of the diagnostic system or control of power equipment. On the basis of this implemented a method of rapid assessment of the external environment without a survey of experts based on the synthesis of the accelerated procedure. The choice of fuzzy set theory is justified as a mathematical tool for formalizing uncertainties of different types and subjectivism inherent in the opinions of domain experts. The concept of the environment state is formalized and typical operations for determining its typical states are proposed. To take into account the different types of uncertainty in the description of the current state of the environment, a modifier mechanism is proposed. Modifiers can significantly simplify calculations in the formalization of environmental conditions for use in diagnostic systems and control of power equipment. The considered computational examples show the main features of the proposed approach. The results of the application of the developed approach suggest the feasibility of its application to solve the problem of formalization of the environment in the operation of power equipment under uncertainty.

Accounting Policy and Its Role in the Organization of Reliable Accounting in the Enterprise

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
Любовь Чайковская ◽  
L. Chaykovskaya ◽  
Андрей Гарнов ◽  
Andrey Garnov
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Management Accounting ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
The State ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Financial Condition ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Accounting Policy

The article is devoted to the organization of accounting on the basis of properly formulated accounting policy for both accounting and taxation purposes and management accounting. It is noted that the need for accounting policy is due to the fact that the state in a market economy can not recommend different accounting schemes to different enterprises, since the operating conditions and tasks of each enterprise have differences. In conclusion, it was concluded that the formation of accounting policy is an essential element of the organization of different types of accounting at enterprises and can be an effective tool for managing indicators that characterize the financial condition of the enterprise.

scholarly journals Mentality issues in the transformation processes of the postmodernity society

2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-22
Author(s):  
A. S. Makarenko ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Systems ◽  
External Environment ◽  
The State ◽  
Actual State ◽  
Stable States ◽  
Internal Representations ◽  
Internal Properties ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
The Individual ◽  
State Of The Environment

The paper deals with transforming social systems and their reflection in the concepts and models of the corresponding processes. A new approach to modelling and research of large social systems was proposed. The author emphasis's and describes qualitatively some aspects of the approach that are important for considering the transformation of society. The main feature of such systems is the following properties. Firstly, these systems operate in a small number of reasonably stable states. (In our approach, this is interpreted as so-called associative memory). Secondly, the evolution of such systems (actually, history for long periods) has an analogue in the learning process in models, when connections are established between the system elements. Furthermore, thirdly, the proposed approach was able to consider individuals’ internal properties (mentality) – participants in large social systems. New models of socio-economic systems are described, and an interpretation of their behaviour as trajectories on certain surfaces in the space of variables is given. The ways of transforming systems are explained: revolutionary, evolutionary and with a unique trajectory of transition. The classes are considered, into which the internal (mental) variables of individuals are divided. The internal representations of the individual from some slice of reality (in psychology, for example, this is called “internal plans”) are represented as a network of objects, concepts and the like, depending on the “object” and purpose of modelling. There are three networks (patterns, drawings) of descriptions: the actual state of affairs, presented in the form of a network; the state of things in the imagination of a particular individual and the desired (ideal) state of affairs in the imagination of a particular individual. The dynamics of changes in the parameters that characterize the individual depends on the state of the environment “externally” and on the “internal” mental variables and the above three ideas about the external environment. Adequate consideration of the external environment by representing and internal representations of surrounding individuals is possible. Such an approach is proposed when considering archetypes in the transformation of the social system. The problem of sustainable development of education and science systems is considered.

scholarly journals Communicative challenges in assessing progress towards environmental quality objectives

2009 ◽  
Vol 08 (02) ◽  
pp. A01 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Wibeck
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
The State ◽  
Ecological Sustainability ◽  
The Public ◽  
Environmental Objectives ◽  
Different Types ◽  
State Of The Environment ◽  
Sustainability Assessments

Assessment of trends in the state of the environment constitutes one important aspect of efforts to achieve environmental sustainability. Assessments are often undertaken via indicators which measure progress towards environmental objectives and interim targets. This paper starts from the assumption that different types of environmental indicators have different implications for the public communication and the societal dialogue about the state of the environment and the measures needed to increase ecological sustainability. The paper concludes that it is important to evaluate environmental indicators on the basis of their communicative potential. It is demonstrated how science-based assessment of progress towards environmental objectives may fulfil different aims. Each of these aims may be linked to particular types of indicators, as well as to particular ideas of how to communicate uncertainties, and to particular views of the role of the public in the system of environmental objectives.

scholarly journals Monitoring system for temperature and relative humidity of the experimental building

2021 ◽  
Vol 2131 (5) ◽  
pp. 052070
Author(s):  
A A Kuzmenkov ◽  
D A Kuvshinov ◽  
S Yu Buryachenko ◽  
A V Kaychenov ◽  
I M Karachentseva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
The State ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Temperature And Humidity

Abstract The article presents the results of the development and implementation of a monitoring system for temperature and relative humidity of an experimental wooden building. The developed monitoring system allows recording in real time the temperature and humidity of the internal microclimate, layers of enclosing structures and the external environment. The monitoring system is represented by two subsystems: measuring and indicative. The building has 25 measuring points in key parts of the building. Within the framework of scientific research, the system will make it possible to assess the parameters of the internal microclimate and the state of the building envelope in real operating conditions with changing environmental parameters.

OPERATIONAL STATE OF BRIDGES OF UKRAINE

2019 ◽  
pp. 57-68
Author(s):  
Larysa Bodnar ◽  
Petro Koval ◽  
Sergii Stepanov ◽  
Liudmyla Panibratets
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
The State ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Bridge Management ◽  
Bridge Management System ◽  
Program Complex ◽  
Operating Condition ◽  
Software Complex ◽  
Automatic Mode ◽  
The Status

A significant part of Ukrainian bridges on public roads is operated for more than 30 years (94 %). At the same time, the traffic volume and the weight of vehicles has increased significantly. Insufficient level of bridges maintenance funding leads to the deterioration of their technical state. The ways to ensure reliable and safe operation of bridges are considered. The procedure for determining the predicted operational status of the elements and the bridge in general, which has a scientific novelty, is proposed. In the software complex, Analytical Expert Bridges Management System (AESUM), is a function that allows tracking the changes in the operational status of bridges both in Ukraine and in each region separately. The given algorithm of the procedure for determining the predicted state of the bridge using a degradation model is described using the Nassie-Schneidermann diagram. The model of the degradation of the bridge performance which is adopted in Ukraine as a normative one, and the algorithm for its adaptation to the AESUM program complex with the function to ensure the probabilistic predicted operating condition of the bridges in the automatic mode is presented. This makes it possible, even in case of unsatisfactory performance of surveys, to have the predicted lifetime of bridges at the required time. For each bridge element it is possible to determine the residual time of operation that will allow predict the state of the elements of the structure for a certain period of time in the future. Significant interest for specialists calls for the approaches to the development of orientated perspective plans for bridge inspection and monitoring of changes in the operational status of bridges for 2009-2018 in Ukraine. For the analysis of the state of the bridge economy, the information is available on the distribution of bridges by operating state related to the administrative significance of roads, by road categories and by materials of the structures. Determining the operating state of the bridge is an important condition for making the qualified decisions as regards its maintenance. The Analytical Expert Bridges Management System (AESUM) which is implemented in Ukraine, stores the data on the monitoring the status of bridges and performs the necessary procedures to maintain them in a reliable and safe operating condition. An important result of the work is the ability to determine the distribution of bridges on the public roads of Ukraine, according to operating conditions established in the program complex of AESUM, which is presented in accordance with the data of the current year. In conditions of limited funding and in case of unsatisfactory performance of surveys, it is possible to make the reasonable management decisions regarding the repair and the reconstruction of bridges. Keywords: bridge management system, operating condition, predicted operating condition, model of degradation, bridge survey plan, highway bridge.

ANALYSIS OF MEASURES TO REDUCE ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC DAMAGE FROM AUTOMOBILE TRANSPORT

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.N. Kurdyukov ◽  
◽  
T.V. Lebedeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Agriculture Education

The article considers common classifications of measures to reduce environmentaleconomic damage from motor vehicles. Classification from the point of view of control impact is proposed, which allows to take into account relations between the state and citizens in the field of reduction of negative impact of motor vehicles on the environment. The analysis of the classification made it possible to identify areas of activity for improving the efficiency of management impacts, taking into account the incentives of citizens to comply with the requirements of the legislation and to create conditions for their exceeding. Increasing the efficiency of resource allocation in the Territory will allow the released funds to be allocated to the development of industry, agriculture, education and science.

Method of tribodiagnostics of d-30KU engines/KP with the use of a microwave plasma complex: results of metrological examination and analysis of the accuracy

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
A. Bogoyavlenskiy ◽  
A. Bokov
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Microwave Plasma ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
The State ◽  
Turbine Engines ◽  
Metrological Examination ◽  
Gas Turbine Engines ◽  
High Frequency Plasma ◽  
Frequency Plasma ◽  
Primary Standards

The article contains the results of the metrological examination and research of the accuracy indicators of a method for diagnosing aircraft gas turbine engines of the D30KU/KP family using an ultra-high-frequency plasma complex. The results of metrological examination of a complete set of regulatory documents related to the diagnostic methodology, and an analysis of the state of metrological support are provided as well. During the metrological examination, the traceability of a measuring instrument (diagnostics) – an ultrahigh-frequency plasma complex – is evaluated based on the scintillation analyzer SAM-DT-01–2. To achieve that, local verification schemes from the state primary standards of the corresponding types of measurements were built. The implementation of measures to eliminate inconsistencies identified during metrological examination allows to reduce to an acceptable level the metrological risks of adverse situations when carrying out aviation activities in industry and air transportation. In addition, the probability of occurrence of errors of the first and second kind in the technological processes of tribodiagnostics of aviation gas turbine engines is reduced when implementing a method that has passed metrological examination in real practice. At the same time, the error in determining ratings and wear indicators provides acceptable accuracy indicators and sufficient reliability in assessing the technical condition of friction units of the D-30KP/KP2/KU/KU-154 aircraft engines.

Party Standstill in an Era of Change

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piero Ignazi
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
External Environment ◽  
The State ◽  
Extreme Right ◽  
Significant Modification ◽  
Interest Management ◽  
The Face ◽  
Short Run

Chapter 5 discusses the premises of the emergence of the cartel party with the parties’ resilience to any significant modification in the face of the cultural, societal, and political changes of the 1970s–1980s. Parties kept and even increased their hold on institutions and society. They adopted an entropic strategy to counteract challenges coming from a changing external environment. A new gulf with public opinion opened up, since parties demonstrated greater ease with state-centred activities for interest-management through collusive practices in the para-governmental sector, rather than with new social and political options. The emergence of two sets of alternatives, the greens and the populist extreme right, did not produce, in the short run, any impact on intra-party life. The chapter argues that the roots of cartelization reside mainly in the necessitated interpenetration with the state, rather than on inter-party collusion. This move has caught parties in a legitimacy trap.

scholarly journals Managing energy performance in buildings from design to operation using modelling and calibration

2021 ◽  
pp. 014362442110083
Author(s):  
Nishesh Jain ◽  
Esfand Burman ◽  
Dejan Mumovic ◽  
Mike Davies
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Performance Gap ◽  
Actual Performance ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
Calibration Protocol ◽  
Covering Design

To manage the concerns regarding the energy performance gap in buildings, a structured and longitudinal performance assessment of buildings, covering design through to operation, is necessary. Modelling can form an integral part of this process by ensuring that a good practice design stage modelling is followed by an ongoing evaluation of operational stage performance using a robust calibration protocol. In this paper, we demonstrate, via a case study of an office building, how a good practice design stage model can be fine-tuned for operational stage using a new framework that helps validate the causes for deviations of actual performance from design intents. This paper maps the modelling based process of tracking building performance from design to operation, identifying the various types of performance gaps. Further, during the operational stage, the framework provides a systematic way to separate the effect of (i) operating conditions that are driven by the building’s actual function and occupancy as compared with the design assumptions, and (ii) the effect of potential technical issues that cause underperformance. As the identification of issues is based on energy modelling, the process requires use of advanced and well-documented simulation tools. The paper concludes with providing an outline of the software platform requirements needed to generate robust design models and their calibration for operational performance assessments. Practical application The paper’s findings are a useful guide for building industry professionals to manage the performance gap with appropriate accuracy through a robust methodology in an easy to use workflow. The methodological framework to analyse building energy performance in-use links best practice design stage modelling guidance with a robust operational stage investigation. It helps designers, contractors, building managers and other stakeholders with an understanding of procedures to follow to undertake an effective measurement and verification exercise.

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