KEEPING PLANT QUALITY OF WEEPING FIG DURING INDOOR LIFE IN RELATION TO PREVIOUS GROWING CONDITIONS

Abstract Nowadays the study of the interrelation of the genotype of strawberry plants in garden and climatic conditions is extremely relevant. Due to the various systems of genetic control and the modifying effects of growing conditions on the manifestation of quantitative traits, there is the need to assess the genotypic variability of economically valuable features, focused on the identification of genotypes characterized by stability and adaptive qualities in growing conditions. The study examined 15 varieties of garden strawberries of domestic and foreign selection. The field experiments and surveys were carried out according to the Program generally accepted in the Russian Federation and methodology for the variety study of fruit, berry and nut crops. We studied such features as the number of peduncles (pcs/bush), number of berries (pcs/bush), average weight of berries (g), total and marketable yield (g/bush), sugar content in berries, soluble solids and ascorbic acid. The purpose of this work was to assess the genotype-year interrelation in terms of the variability of productivity features and berry quality and to identify strawberry varieties with a stable genotype. As a result of two-way analysis of variance for the variety-year interrelation, the obtained values were 1.10-8.50 at standard Fst. - 1.24. Statistically important differences had indicators of productivity of a bush between the first and second clusters (t = 5.89 at p <0.01), the first and third (t = 15.83 at p <0.01), the second and third clusters (t = 8.13 at p <0.01), as well as the average berry weight between the first and third, second and third clusters (t = 15.50 and 6.99 at p <0.01, respectively). Significant differences in the value of the Euclidean distance were revealed for varieties Mishutka (54.5), Daryonka (54.5), Pervoklassnitsa (58) realizing their productivity potential in different years of cultivation.

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Enviromic assembly increases accuracy and reduces costs of the genomic prediction for yield plasticity

10.1101/2021.06.04.447091 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Germano MF Costa-Neto ◽

Jose M F Crossa ◽

Roberto F Fritsche-Neto

Keyword(s):

Phenotypic Variation ◽

Field Trials ◽

Proof Of Concept ◽

Tropical Maize ◽

Early Screening ◽

Environmental Similarity ◽

Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽

Growing Conditions ◽

Algorithm Scheme

Quantitative genetics states that phenotypic variation is a consequence of genetic and environmental factors and their subsequent interaction. Here, we present an enviromic assembly approach, which includes the use of ecophysiology knowledge in shaping environmental relatedness into whole-genome predictions (GP) for plant breeding (referred to as E-GP). We propose that the quality of an environment is defined by the core of environmental typologies (envirotype) and their frequencies, which describe different zones of plant adaptation. From that, we derive markers of environmental similarity cost-effectively. Combined with the traditional genomic sources (e.g., additive and dominance effects), this approach may better represent the putative phenotypic variation across diverse growing conditions (i.e., phenotypic plasticity). Additionally, we couple a genetic algorithm scheme to design optimized multi-environment field trials (MET), combining enviromic assembly and genomic kinships to provide in-silico realizations of the future genotype-environment combinations that must be phenotyped in the field. As a proof-of-concept, we highlight E-GP applications: (1) managing the lack of phenotypic information in training accurate GP models across diverse environments and (2) guiding an early screening for yield plasticity using optimized phenotyping efforts. Our approach was tested using two non-conventional cross-validation schemes to better visualize the benefits of enviromic assembly in sparse experimental networks. Results on tropical maize show that E-GP outperforms benchmark GP in all scenarios and cases tested. We show that for training accurate GP models, the genotype-environment combinations' representativeness is more critical than the MET size. Furthermore, we discuss theoretical backgrounds underlying how the intrinsic envirotype-phenotype covariances within the phenotypic records of (MET) can impact the accuracy of GP and limits the potentialities of predictive breeding approaches. The E-GP is an efficient approach to better use environmental databases to deliver climate-smart solutions, reduce field costs, and anticipate future scenarios.

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Growth performance and nutritional quality of selected vegetables in response to organic and inorganic fertilizers under low and high irradiance

Journal of Plant Stress Physiology ◽

10.25081/jpsp.2021.v7.6487 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 17-27

Author(s):

L. T. Olaokiki ◽

S. A. Adejumo

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area ◽

Open Field ◽

Nutritional Quality ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Soil Amendments ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Growing Conditions ◽

Screen House ◽

Better Than

Vegetables form major part of human dietary/nutritional needs. It provides the necessary vitamins and minerals as well as antioxidants to boost immunity. Different vegetables however have different benefits and require different growing conditions. This study investigated the effect of two growing conditions (Screen-house and open field) and soil amendments; Mexican sunflower compost (MSC; applied at 0, 5, 10 t/ha) and NPK 15:15:15 (applied at 0, 50 and 100 kg N/ha) on the growth performance, yield, and nutritional quality of five selected vegetables (Amaranthus cruentus, Celosia. argentea, Solanum macrocarpon, Solanum nigrum and Solanum incanum). Each treatment was replicated three times and experiment arranged in completely randomized design, Compost was applied a week before seed sowing vegetables grown in the screen-house generally performed better than the open field in terms of leaf area and chlorophyll content. The response however varied based on the vegetable and the soil amendments. Solanum species, performed better than Amaranthus under screen-house than open field. Chlorophyll in the leaf responded positively to NPK fertilizer under screen-house conditions while growth parameters such as plant height, stem girth, number of leaves under screen-house and field conditions varied depending on the vegetables. The number of leaves and leaf area increased with soil amendments. Moisture, crude protein and ash contents were reduced under open field compared to screen-house. The zinc and iron contents of the vegetable leaves showed that addition of compost was superior to NPK and screen-house better than open field. It can be concluded that vegetables grown in the screen-house performed better in their respective growth parameters than vegetables are grown under the open field.

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Performance of processing tomatoes under different supply levels of crop evapotranspiration

Horticultura Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0102-053620180303 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 36 (3) ◽

pp. 299-305

Author(s):

Cícero J Silva ◽

Nadson C Pontes ◽

Adelmo Golynski ◽

Marcos B Braga ◽

Alice M Quezado-Duval ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Irrigation System ◽

Block Design ◽

Water Productivity ◽

Irrigation Management ◽

Crop Evapotranspiration ◽

Production Chain ◽

Crop Cycle ◽

Growing Conditions ◽

Irrigation Levels

ABSTRACT Irrigation management is essential to promote appropriate plant growth and guarantee production and quality of the tomatoes for processing, increases the efficiency of nutrients use and contributes to ensure the sustainability of the production chain. This study was installed to evaluate productive performance of two processing tomato hybrids submitted to five water depths under drip irrigation system. Five levels of crop evapotranspiration (ETc) replacement (60%, 100%, 140%, 180% and 220%) and two tomato hybrids (BRS Sena and H 9992) were tested. The experimental design was a 5×2 factorial arranged in randomized complete block design with four replications. During the crop cycle, hybrids BRS Sena and H 9992 needed 692.20 and 418.43 mm of water, yielding 80 and 44.06 t ha-1, respectively. For both hybrids, the higher water productivity was observed when lower levels of irrigation were applied. Higher productivities and pulp yields of ‘BRS Sena’ and ‘H 9992’ were noticed when replacing 150-166% and 99-101% ETc, respectively. We observed that improving the performance of processing hybrid tomatoes is possible by adjusting irrigation levels for each hybrid according to growing conditions.

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Effect of different organic growing conditions on quality of cooked potatoes

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture ◽

10.1002/jsfa.1009 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 82 (1) ◽

pp. 12-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Anette K Thybo ◽

Jens Peter Mølgaard ◽

Ulla Kidmose

Keyword(s):

Growing Conditions

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Changes in arthropod community but not plant quality benefit a specialist herbivore on plant under reduced water availability

10.1101/2020.05.25.115519 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Po-An Lin ◽

Chia-Ming Liu ◽

Jia-Ang Ou ◽

Cheng-Han Sun ◽

Wen-Po Chuang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Availability ◽

Pieris Rapae ◽

Plant Quality ◽

Physiological Adaptation ◽

Insect Herbivores ◽

Specialist Herbivore ◽

Herbivore Community ◽

Two Populations ◽

Reduced Water

AbstractPlants grow under reduced water availability can have divergent effects on insect herbivores, in some instances producing benefits to them. However, the forces mediating these positive impacts remain mostly unclear. We conducted a manipulative field study using a specialist herbivore Pieris rapae, and its host plant, Rorippa indica, in two populations to identify how water availability impacts overall plant quality and multitrophic interactions. We observed that R. indica growing under low water availability led to higher survival of P. rapae larvae. The increase in survival of eggs and larvae was related to the reduced abundance of other herbivores and natural enemies. Water availability had differential impacts on members of the herbivore community through changes in plant quality. Low water availability decreased the quality of R. indica to most herbivores as indicated by reduced abundance in the field and decreased relative growth rate in feeding assays. In contrast, the performance of P. rapae larvae were not affected by differences in sympatric R. indica grown under different water availability. These results indicate that local P. rapae possess some physiological adaptation to overcome fluctuations in host quality. Our findings illustrate that reduced water availability is beneficial to a specialist herbivore, but detrimental to most other herbivores. Our work highlights the complex roles of the arthropod communities associated with plants in determining the impacts of water availability on insect herbivores.

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