THE EFFECTS OF N CONCENTRATION IN PRE-TRANSPLANT NUTRIENT SOLUTION ON THE N USE EFFICIENCY AND DRY MASS PARTITIONING OF VEGETABLE SOLANACEAE SEEDLINGS

Improvement of N use efficiency of timothy (Phleum pratense L.) involves higher DM yield but, for feeding purposes, N concentration should also be considered. Differences in N use efficiency were found among 40 genotypes of timothy. The analysis of residues of the linear regression between N uptake and DM yield of all genotypes allowed for the selection of genotypes with both high N use efficiency and contrasted N concentrations. Key words: Phleum pratense L., timothy, genetic selection, nitrogen use efficiency

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Mode of Managing Nutrient Solution Based on N Use Efficiency for Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)

Journal of Food Science and Engineering ◽

10.17265/2159-5828/2017.01.003 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ibraimo Teleha Chabite ◽

Zhang Lei ◽

Yao Ningning ◽

Fu Qiang ◽

Yu Haiye

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Solution ◽

Lactuca Sativa ◽

N Use Efficiency ◽

Lactuca Sativa L ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

N Use

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PRODUÇÃO DE TIFTON – 85 ( CYNODON SPP.) EM FUNÇÃO DO USO DE GESSO E DOSES DE NITROGÊNIO

Colloquium Agrariae ◽

10.5747/ca.2018.v14.nesp.000254 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (Especial) ◽

pp. 33-38

Author(s):

Caio Augusto Silva ◽

Moniki Campos Janegitz ◽

Nathiele Vieira Cardoso ◽

Giovanna Alevato Galli ◽

Rafael de Paiva Andrade

Keyword(s):

Mass Production ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Mass ◽

N Use Efficiency ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Higher Doses ◽

N Use ◽

Gypsum Application

The objective of this work was to evaluate the development of tifton-85 forage in function of N doses with and without gypsum applied as a source of sulfur. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design in a 2 x 4 factorial: four doses of N (0, 60, 120 and 180 kg ha-1 N) as urea by two treatments (with and without gypsum), with four replicates. One hundred and thirty days after planting, were measured plant height, dry matter mass and N use efficiency (EUN). Without gypsum applied, the N use efficiency and dry matter mass of plants increased in 120 kg N ha-¹. The gypsum application improves the development of Tifton grass, increasing dry mass production in relation to the amount of N applying up to 180 kg N ha-1 and possibly higher doses.

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Farklı Gübre Uygulamalarının Buğday Bitkisinin SPAD Değerleri, Yeşil Aksam Kuru Madde Verimi ve Azot Konsantrasyonu Üzerine Etkisi

Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology ◽

10.24925/turjaf.v9i5.919-925.4387 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 919-925

Author(s):

Kemal Yalçın Gülüt

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

N Use Efficiency ◽

Dry Matter Yield ◽

Yield Losses ◽

N Application ◽

Yield Increase ◽

N Concentration ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

N Use

In recent years, the unconscious use of both pesticides and chemical fertilizers has led to the emergence of products that are of poor quality and threaten human health, as well as an increase in crop production. It seems that there is a need for studies on sustainable agriculture and different agricultural alternatives against these problems. It has been seen that the most common problem of plants under different agricultural practices is the way of nitrogen (N) use. It has been thought that the N dose and form of the fertilizer applied are important in the N use efficiency of the plant. For this purpose, the effect of N applications in increasing doses (0 (control), 100, 200, 400 and 800 mg N kg-1) and in different forms (mineral, organic) on growth, the SPAD value which is an expression of chlorophyll in shoot, shoot dry matter yield, shoot N concentration of wheat plant grown under greenhouse conditions was determined. According to the findings obtained in the experiment, it was determined that there were yield losses due to N deficiency, whereas N application prevented the mentioned yield losses. It has been determined that the N form applied on the yield increase rates resulting from nitrogen application can also be important. It was observed that the yield increase rates under mineral fertilizer applications varied between 58% and 87%, whereas organic fertilizer applications caused a partial decrease in the yield values. Different forms of N applications increased the shoot N concentration in contrast to the shoot dry matter yield of the plant. In these increases, it was determined that the N application dose was important, but the fertilizer form applied did not make a significant difference. When the results were evaluated in general, it has been seen that the most effective N application dose was 200 mg kg-1, and among the N forms, the most effective form in plant growth and N use efficiency was organic sourced fertilizer.

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Effect of deep placement of nitrogen fertilizers on rice yield and N use efficiency under water regimes

SAARC Journal of Agriculture ◽

10.3329/sja.v13i2.26577 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 161-172 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

S Das ◽

MR Islam ◽

M Sultana ◽

H Afroz ◽

MA Hashem

Keyword(s):

Rice Yield ◽

N Uptake ◽

N Use Efficiency ◽

Deep Placement ◽

Water Regimes ◽

Continuous Flooding ◽

N Fertilizers ◽

N Concentration ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

N Use

The experiments were conducted at the Soil Science Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during boro season of 2013 to evaluate the effect of deep placement of nitrogen (N) fertilizers on rice yield and N use efficiency under two different water regimes [continuous flooding (CF) and alternate wetting and drying (AWD)]. After deep placement of USG and NPK briquettes and each split application of PU, the water samples were collected for five consecutive days and analyzed for ammonium-Nitrogen (NH4-N) concentration. In both water regimes the floodwater NH4-N concentration gave highest value at the second day of PU application followed by gradual decrease with time and in continuous flooding condition the release of NH4-N was higher compared to AWD condition. Deep placement of N fertilizers also increased grain yield under AWD compared to CF condition and the maximum value was obtained in treatment T5 [USG 78 kg N ha-1 + PM 3 t ha-1] statistically similar to T3 [USG, 156 kg N ha-1]. Due to application USG and NPK briquettes, the N uptake and N use efficiency also gave higher values in AWD compared to CF condition. The results revealed that the deep placement of USG with poultry manure performed better in terms yield, N uptake and N use efficiency by BRRI dhan29 under AWD condition. So, the deep placement of USG under AWD condition could be recommended for higher production of boro rice.SAARC J. Agri., 13(2): 161-172 (2015)

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Influence of Nitrogen Nutrition Management on Biomass Partitioning and Nitrogen Use Efficiency Indices in Hydroponically Grown Potato

Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science ◽

10.21273/jashs.129.1.0134 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 129 (1) ◽

pp. 134-140 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Gregory D. Goins ◽

Neil C. Yorio ◽

Raymond M. Wheeler

Keyword(s):

Biomass Production ◽

Nutrient Solution ◽

Tuber Yield ◽

N Use Efficiency ◽

Tuber Initiation ◽

N Supply ◽

Long Duration ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

N Management ◽

N Use

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has been conducting controlled environment research with potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) in recirculating nutrient film technique (NFT)-hydroponic systems as a human life support component during long-duration spaceflight. Standard nutrient solution management approaches include constant pH regulation with nitric acid (HNO3) and daily adjustment of electrical conductivity (EC) equivalent to half-strength modified Hoagland's solution, where nitrate (NO3-) is the sole nitrogen (N) source. Although tuber yields have been excellent with such an approach, N use efficiency indices are expected to be low relative to tuber biomass production. Furthermore, the high amount of N used in NFT-hydroponics, typically results in high inedible biomass, which conflicts with the need to minimize system mass, volume, and expenditure of resources for long-duration missions. More effective strategies of N fertilization need to be developed to more closely match N supply with demand of the crop. Hence, the primary objective of this study was to identify the optimal N management regime and plant N requirement to achieve high yields and to avoid inefficient use of N and excess inedible biomass production. In separate 84-day cropping experiments, three N management protocols were tested. Treatments which decreased NO3--N supply indirectly through lowering nutrient solution EC (Expt. I), or disabling pH control, and/or supplying NH4+-N (Expt. III) did not significantly benefit tuber yield, but did influence N use efficiency indices. When supplied with an external 7.5 mm NO-3--N for the first 42 days after planting (DAP), lowered to 1.0 mm NO3 -N during the final 42 days (Expt. II), plants were able to achieve yields on par with plants which received constant 7.5 mm NO3--N (control). By abruptly decreasing N supply at tuber initiation in Expt. II, less N was taken up and accumulated by plants compared to those which received high constant N (control). However, proportionately more plant accumulated N was used (N use efficiency) to produce tuber biomass when N supply was abruptly lowered at tuber initiation in Expt. II. Hence, a hydroponic nutrient solution N management system may be modified to elicit greater plant N-use while maintaining overall high tuber yield as opposed to achieving high tuber yields through excess N supply and shoot growth.

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Impact of various combinations of nitrate and chloride on nitrogen remobilization in potted chrysanthemum grown in a subirrigation system

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps2013-218 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 94 (4) ◽

pp. 643-657 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

William N. MacDonald ◽

M. James Tsujita ◽

Theo J. Blom ◽

Barry J. Shelp

Keyword(s):

High Mobility ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Chrysanthemum Morifolium ◽

N Use Efficiency ◽

Soluble Nitrogen ◽

Nitrogen Remobilization ◽

N Content ◽

Crop Cycle ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

N Use

MacDonald, W. N., Tsujita, M. J., Blom, T. J. and Shelp, B. J. 2014. Impact of various combinations of nitrate and chloride on nitrogen remobilization in potted chrysanthemum grown in a subirrigation system. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 643–657. Subirrigation is gaining popularity as an environmentally friendly strategy for managing the nutrition of potted chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.), as well as many other popular potted ornamental crops grown in the greenhouse. Subirrigation systems recycle the nutrient solution, but unlike the common practice of overhead irrigation, salts are more likely to accumulate in the top of the growing medium. Thus, further research is required to optimize the technology for the timing and application rates of soluble nitrogen in order to benefit from the high mobility of this nutrient within plants. This study tested the hypothesis that N use efficiency of subirrigated potted chrysanthemum can be improved by managing the nitrate status of the plant. Replacement of the nitrate supply with water 1 wk prior to inflorescence emergence (the midpoint of the experimental 10-wk crop cycle) was more effective in reducing the nitrate contents of above-ground tissues, particularly the stems and petioles, than the use of nitrate or various combinations of nitrate and chloride, thereby resulting in an improved N usage index (i.e., shoot dry mass×(shoot dry mass/shoot N content)). Shoot or inflorescence dry mass and N content were unaffected at the conclusion of the crop cycle by this treatment, whereas the electrical conductivity of the pot medium was reduced. Thus, elimination of nitrate prior to inflorescence emergence can be an effective strategy for improving N use efficiency in subirrigated potted chrysanthemums without sacrificing quality.

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Optimization of Topdressing for Winter Wheat by Accurate Growth Monitoring and Improved Production Estimation

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs13122349 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (12) ◽

pp. 2349

Author(s):

Jingchun Ji ◽

Jianli Liu ◽

Jingjing Chen ◽

Yujie Niu ◽

Kefan Xuan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Crop Production ◽

Optimization Method ◽

Growth Potential ◽

N Use Efficiency ◽

Growth Monitoring ◽

Aerial Vehicle ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Improved Model ◽

N Use

Topdressing accounts for approximately 40% of the total nitrogen (N) application of winter wheat on the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain in China. However, N use efficiency of topdressing is low due to the inadaptable topdressing method used by local farmers. To improve the N use efficiency of winter wheat, an optimization method for topdressing (THP) is proposed that uses unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based remote sensing to accurately acquire the growth status and an improved model for growth potential estimation and optimization of N fertilizer amount for topdressing (NFT). The method was validated and compared with three other methods by a field experiment: the conventional local farmer’s method (TLF), a nitrogen fertilization optimization algorithm (NFOA) proposed by Raun and Lukina (TRL) and a simplification introduced by Li and Zhang (TLZ). It shows that when insufficient basal fertilizer was provided, the proposed method provided as much NFT as the TLF method, i.e., 25.05% or 11.88% more than the TRL and TLZ methods and increased the yields by 4.62% or 2.27%, respectively; and when sufficient basal fertilizer was provided, the THP method followed the TRL and TLZ methods to reduce NFT but maintained as much yield as the TLF method with a decrease of NFT by 4.20%. The results prove that THP could enhance crop production under insufficient N preceding conditions by prescribing more fertilizer and increase nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) by lowering the fertilizer amount when enough basal fertilizer is provided.

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