scholarly journals EVOLUTION OF QUARANTINE MEASURES AND FORMATION OF EPIDEMOLOGICAL LEGISLATION IN UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
I. Matseliуkh ◽  
A. Musiienko
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
State Level ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Medical System ◽  
Hygiene Measures ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Care System

The paper studies the evolution of quarantine measures used in the spread of plague, cholera and Spanish flu. Attempts to combat infectious diseases that took place in the Rus state, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the Zaporozhian Sich are analyzed. Quarantine legislation of the Russian Empire is examined. The provisions of the Medical Charter of 1832, the Quarantine Charter of 1866, as well as the prescriptions of other regulatory acts aimed at preventing the spread of epidemics on the territory of the Russian Empire are also studied. Emphasis is placed on medical and police nature of regulatory prescriptions. The author examines the changes in the health care system and quarantine measures applied during the Ukrainian Revolution of 1917 – 1921. The organizational and legal grounds for administration in the field of health care in the Ukrainian State of Hetman Pavlo Skoropadsky are also analyzed. The article studies the procedure for establishing the Ministry of Health and the powers of the Minister of Health. It is stated that world pandemics are not a novelty in the historical chronicle and there is a way out of the epidemiological crisis. It has two paths, namely the death and destruction of society or the path of rapid development, the improvement of the medical system, which will eventually lead to progress, the transition to a new level of development of civilization itself. Epidemics forced a rapid reorientation and improvement of sanitary conditions, adherence to hygiene measures, nutrition, waste disposal, etc., as well as creation of a health care system that at the state level took over the functions of social protection against dangerous diseases. The challenges caused by the coronavirus will not only be successfully overcome, but also the medical sphere will be improved, and conditions will be created for the rapid development of the industry. We are convinced that only a well-chosen special model for public administration in the field of health care, headed by relevant high-level specialists, with proper funding, could cope with the epidemic in the country, as well as allow the medical system to reach a qualitatively new level.

Protection of mothers and children in the Russian Empire and the development of the Soviet child health care system

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
Valeriy Yu. Albitskiy ◽  
◽  
Galina L. Mikirtichan ◽  
Stella A. Sher ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Child Health Care ◽  
Mothers And Children ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Care System

Protection of mothers and children in the Russian Empire and the development of the Soviet child health care system

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-122
Author(s):  
Valeriy Yu. Albitskiy ◽  
◽  
Galina L. Mikirtichan ◽  
Stella A. Sher ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Child Health Care ◽  
Mothers And Children ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Care System

scholarly journals The Formation and Development of the Legal Status of a Consumer of Paid Medical Services in the Russian Health Care System in the XVIII – Early XX Centuries

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-309
Author(s):  
Mariya Soboleva
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Care Organization ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Care System

The socio-economic situation in Russia over the past decades has undergone serious changes that could not but affect the health system. There have been prerequisites for the development of private medicine, which has been supported by the state. Currently, there is an increase in the share of medical services provided on a paid basis. Widespread private practice, covering the chronological period of the Russian Empire, was interpreted by the authorities in the Soviet period as a relic of the capitalist system, contrary to the basic principles of proper health care organization. The Soviet period of Russian history appears to us as a chronological gap, that is, a time gap that characterizes the specifics of the linear existence of paid medical services. In this regard, it seems relevant and timely to conduct research on the historical aspects of the formation and development of the legal status of consumers of paid medical services in the Russian Empire. In our opinion, such research is of both theoretical and practical interest. The first is due to the lack of development of this topic in the historical and legal literature. The second one will allow us to identify existing shortcomings in legal regulation in the sphere of public health protection based on the generalization of historical experience and formulate practical recommendations for improving the legislation of the Russian Federation in this area. From the perspective of this work, we aim to assess the legal status of consumers of paid medical services in the XVIII – early XX century, comprehensively examining such elements of legal status as rights, freedoms, interests and duties. The article analyzes the influence of belonging of the inhabitants of the Empire to a particular social group on the formation of the legal status of consumers of paid medical services. For the first time, the main types of rights of consumers of paid medical services are separated from the regulatory legal acts in the field of healthcare of the Russian Empire and formed into a group. Based on the results of a detailed analysis, we conclude that in the Russian Empire, the duties of consumers of paid medical services took priority over the rights, since it was believed that if the obligations were met, the rights would exist regardless of their formal Declaration. The analysis helps to understand the development of regulation of health ser-vices and allows us to draw historical parallels with the existing regulatory framework of the health care system in Russia.

Stratification and “Universality”

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiffany D. Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
State Level ◽  
Universal Health Care System ◽  
Documentation Status ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Universal Health ◽  
Care System

Tiffany D. Joseph’s chapter examines how stratification of access by immigration status effectively undermined a “universal” health policy. While the ACA only extended coverage to U.S. citizens and eligible documented immigrants, Massachusetts pursued a universal health care system at the state level and offered coverage to all residents, regardless of documentation status. Despite this policy that aimed for inclusion, immigrants in Massachusetts were still more likely than non-immigrants to remain uninsured. Joseph interviewed Brazilian and Dominican immigrants, health care professionals, and immigrant/health organization employees to find out why immigrants remained uninsured. She identified immigration-related, health care system, and bureaucratic barriers that prevented individuals from effectively accessing care. Massachusetts serves as both a model and a cautionary tale for ACA implementation, with barriers exacerbated for immigrant, low-income, and minority populations.

scholarly journals Problems of Development of Health Monitoring at Residential Settings

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-60
Author(s):  
V. Ya. Gelman ◽  
◽  
M. A. Dokhov ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Remote Monitoring ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Chronic Patients ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Residential Settings ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Current Health Care System ◽  
Care System

Due to its rapid development, telemonitoring technologies in the field of healthcare significantly outstripped the possibilities of implementation in real practice. Therefore, there is a need for the active development of this area of prevention and treatment of chronic patients, identifying emerging problems and finding possible solutions. The aim of this work was to assess the status and development prospects of monitoring of patient health in residential settings and analyze the problems of its inclusion in the existing health care system. Based on the analysis of scientific publications and expert assessments, the existing at-home telemonitoring systems, the main pathologies observed, and the organization of medical care for chronic patients under remote monitoring are examined. It was shown that the on-line treatment of monitored patients in the current health care system is very difficult due to its unpreparedness for the introduction of such technologies and the undeveloped concept of clinical and economic efficiency of their use. The article proposes to carry out special training of patients on effective participation in the process of remote monitoring, and it is also proposed to provide in the treatment and prevention institutions the position of a consultant (general practitioner, with an appropriately equipped workstation) for conducting remote patient consultations.

scholarly journals PRESERVATION AND STRENGTHENING THE HEALTH OF THE POPULATION THROUGH THE PRISM OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

2021 ◽  
pp. 95-102
Author(s):  
Vira Kutsenko ◽  
Iryna Kinash ◽  
Hanna Yevtushenko
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
State Level ◽  
Medical Industry ◽  
Productive Force ◽  
Viable Systems ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
Care System

The article reveals the essence of the category of "population health", the methodology and methods of its cognition, the main methods and techniques of the empirical and theoretical levels of research, the technology of their practical use in ensuring sustainable socio-economic development of the country. The main attention is paid to the analysis and assessment of the health status of the population – the main productive force of society, on the basis of which it is concluded that in Ukraine there is a deterioration in the corresponding characteristics. It is noted that this is primarily influenced by insufficient financial and resource support of the medical industry as a whole. Other factors that negatively affect the health of the Ukrainian population are also indicated. An important role in overcoming these negative phenomena is played by the modernization of the medical industry, the rational use of its resource potential, the formation of a civilized market of medical services. In this regard, it is emphasized that the activities of the health care system of Ukraine should be based on unified national principles, including the formation of economically viable systems for organizing medical care, taking into account the real needs of the population, the possibilities of meeting them, as well as the most appropriate allocation of resources and their effective use. The peculiarities of the current situation with the spread of coronavirus, which led to the exacerbation of existing problems, which require the search for new approaches to their solution, related to the adoption of fundamental decisions, especially at the state level are taken into account. In addition, the article provides an assessment of the main results of the ongoing reforms in the health care system of Ukraine. In the course of the study, considerable attention is paid to structural and typological features, as well as the conditions for the formation and strengthening of public health - an important factor in increasing labor productivity, developing the economy based on the principles of sustainable development. The economic, innovative and technological aspects of the development of the health care system are summarized. New approaches to further strengthening and preserving the health of the population in the context of implementing the tasks of sustainable development are substantiated.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF SOCIAL AND PERSONAL INSURANCE IN PROVIDING PUBLIC WELFARE IN UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
pp. 51-64
Author(s):  
Mykhailo KRUPKA ◽  
Iryna PRYIMAK ◽  
Bohdana VYSHYVANA
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Public Welfare ◽  
Pension Insurance ◽  
The Social ◽  
Personal Insurance ◽  
Care System

Introduction. Achieving public welfare is impossible without an effective social protection system, which combines pension insurance, social insurance, health care, as well as material support in difficult life situations. Low budget funding for social protection of population necessitates the use of insurance instruments to neutralize major social risks. However, the role of social and personal insurance in the financial provision of social protection remains insufficient, and its potential in improving the welfare of Ukrainians is underestimated. However, the role of social and personal insurance in the financial provision of social protection remains insufficient, and its potential in improving the welfare of Ukrainians is underestimated. The purpose is to define the role and outline the prospects for the development of social and personal insurance in the context of ensuring public welfare in Ukraine. Results. The essence and main components of social welfare are revealed. It was found that the level of well-being of Ukrainians is ten times lower than in European countries. There are the main negative factors which influence the social protection system defined, in particular: low income and rising expenditures of the Pension Fund of Ukraine and the Social Insurance Fund of Ukraine, the widespread practice of minimizing SSPs by refusing to enter into classic employment contracts in favor of civil agreements with individual entrepreneurs, reduction of the number of insured persons working for hire, high level of labor emigration of Ukrainians. The health care system impact on the growth of public welfare in Ukraine is analyzed. The inefficiency of the current financial support model of the health care system is substantiated, which makes it necessary for households to pay for most of the cost of medical services. Tendencies in the development of the domestic health insurance market are highlighted. Perspectives. It is proposed to revise the principles of building accumulative pension insurance and introduce a budget-insurance model of financing the health care system, which will help to improve the welfare of the population of Ukraine.

scholarly journals The paradox of the COVID-19 pandemic: the impact on patient demand in Japanese hospitals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masako Ii ◽  
Sachiko Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Payment Reform ◽  
Dramatic Decline ◽  
Hygiene Measures ◽  
Abundant Supply ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Care System

Analyzing data from a large, nationally distributed group of Japanese hospitals, we found a dramatic decline in both inpatient and outpatient volumes over the three waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan from February-December 2020. We identified three key reasons for this fall in patient demand. First, COVID-19-related hygiene measures and behavioral changes significantly reduced non-COVID-19 infectious diseases. Second, consultations relating to chronic diseases fell sharply. Third, certain medical investigations and interventions were postponed or cancelled. Despite the drop in hospital attendances and admissions, COVID-19 is said to have brought the Japanese health care system to the brink of collapse. In this context, we explore longstanding systematic issues, finding that Japan's abundant supply of beds and current payment system may have introduced a perverse incentive to overprovide services, creating a mismatch between patient needs and the supply of health care resources. Poor coordination among health care providers and the highly decentralized governance of the health care system have also contributed to the crisis. In order to ensure the long-term sustainability of the Japanese health care system beyond COVID-19, it is essential to promote specialization and differentiation of medical functions among hospitals, to strengthen governance, and to introduce appropriate payment reform.

How did we get here? ‘It does not require a big brain to understand.’

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deanna J. Trakas ◽  
Giorgos Kostakiotis
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Family Care ◽  
Medical System ◽  
Political Debate ◽  
The Gaze ◽  
Care System

The economic crisis in Greece, which officially showed itself in 2008, is blamed for a wide variety of negative changes in the country’s social, political, and moral fabric. Health care – and the deficits of a medical system already under stress even before the crisis – are particularly central in public complaint and political debate. Issues of community and family care have emerged with a strength that challenges the conventions of earlier generations. This essay shifts the gaze away from the well-documented indictments of the deficiencies of the Greek health care system to look at the ways in which families and communities are working to provide care within the changing landscape.

scholarly journals Problems of formation of public management mechanisms: health system: a discussion of the discussion field

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 16-27
Author(s):  
М. В. Долгіх
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Public Management ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Medical System ◽  
Governance Mechanisms ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
System A ◽  
Care System

The article substantiates that the country's health care system is in a state of constant transformation. Being a multi-level and branching structure, the system is evolving into complex approaches to defining governance mechanisms in the public and private healthcare sectors. It is in them that the state reproduces a new system of governance mechanisms, which need to be considered in the aggregate of the effects of meso, macro and microfactors with the use of new forms of government at all levels.According to the National Strategy for the Reform of the Medical System of Ukraine for the period 2015-2020, key problems, potential directions and ways of their solution for the formation of a new state policy in the field, including deep regulatory transformations and introduction of new financial mechanisms for ensuring human rights in the field of protection, have been identified health. In such circumstances, the country's medical system must be based on three fundamental principles: human-centered, result-oriented, best-in-class, and best practices in healthcare delivery.A review of historical and scientific sources shows that the management of the health care system requires systematic changes and qualitatively new approaches, finding alternative ways of reforming the organizational and economic mechanism of the medical industry, developing new models of interaction of public administration mechanisms to preserve the able-bodied population. We also believe that the mechanisms of public health management currently in place in our country do not correspond to its current changes.

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