scholarly journals CAREER GUIDANCE FOR REMIGRANTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 49-60
Author(s):  
Oksana Gruznova ◽  
Gunārs Strods
Keyword(s):  
Career Guidance ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Successful Career ◽  
The Creation

People have always looked for the best opportunities for life and for a variety of reasons there has been migration from country to country. The aim of the study is to find out, through questionnaires and interviews, the reasons for people leaving and the creation of support that would encourage returns. 23 respondents were surveyed, who answered 87 questions. Emigrants were interviewed using email lists to find out what people expected from their country, what differences they see in their home country and in their country of origin. The reasons for leaving are mentioned is credit, debt, marriage with foreigner and many other reasons. Career guidance for remigrants have the task to help them to find a job that is consistent with their abilities and interests and helping to build a successful career.

Digital Repatriation

2018 ◽  
pp. 530-552
Author(s):  
Alex Perullo
Keyword(s):  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Copyright Law ◽  
Fair Use ◽  
Digital Collections ◽  
Limited Access ◽  
Local Space ◽  
The Creation

This essay makes two points about digital collections. The first recognizes problems that emerge as archives present indigenous content online. In uploading indigenous songs, speeches, and documents, an archive allows that material to move from a local space with limited access to an international repository with many points of access. This chapter examines conflicts that can occur with this action, including those involving copyright law, fair use, and ethics. A second point of this chapter revolves around technology and repatriation. If repatriation means the return of material to a country of origin, then online archives never fully commit to this task. The material typically remains preserved on servers and in its original forms away from indigenous communities. Despite these ethical, legal, and technological concerns, archives should encourage the creation of digital collections as part of repatriation given the desire by many indigenous communities to preserve and promote their traditions.

Too Old to Forget: The Dynamics of Political Trust among Immigrants

2021 ◽  
pp. 003232172098089
Author(s):  
Chiara Superti ◽  
Noam Gidron
Keyword(s):  
Host Country ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Political Trust ◽  
Specific Time ◽  
Institutional Interaction ◽  
Trust In Institutions ◽  
Age At Migration ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
Point Of Reference

Scholars have argued that immigrants’ trust in institutions is the result of the exposure to host-country institutions but also shaped by past experiences in the country of origin. These experiences create a “home-country point of reference,” a political/institutional memory that becomes the relevant comparison for any political/institutional interaction in the host country. We develop further this concept and unpack its key determinants—the age at migration and the historical conditions of the home country at the specific time of migration. Only those immigrants who were too old to forget the historical and contextual features of the country-of-origin institutions at the time of migration will rely on this comparison when interacting with institutions in the host country. Across time, there is both a continuous positive/negative accumulation of trust for the host-country institutions among those with less/more democratic points of reference. We examine immigrants’ political trust using survey evidence from Israel.

Characteristics Acquired by European and Non-European Immigrants

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-40
Author(s):  
Rocio Aliaga Isla
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Social Contacts ◽  
Immigrant Entrepreneurship ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
European Immigrants ◽  
The Creation

Studies on immigrant entrepreneurship have focused on some groups of immigrants according their ethnicity and citizenship. Nonetheless, there is a configuration of immigrants inside Spain that has been neglected in research arenas. This study analyzes which factors at individual level influence the creation of businesses by EU and non-EU immigrants. Factors acquired in home and host country are considered. Hypotheses are tested using multivariate analysis. Employing data from the National Immigrant Survey of Spain – ENI-2007, the findings showed immigrants who owned or managed a business in their home country have higher probability to create a business. Among factors acquired in Spain, the experience in occupation was the more relevant for EU immigrants. However, the experience in construction sector was significant for non-EU immigrants. Furthermore, the exposure to Spanish context and social contacts were significant, increasing the probability of creating a business by non-EU immigrants in Spain.

Country-of-origin and CSR initiatives: a social dominance perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-515
Author(s):  
Leyla Orudzheva ◽  
Nolan Gaffney
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Social Dominance ◽  
Multinational Enterprises ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Less Developed Countries ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Business Context

Purpose Research on corporate social responsibility (CSR) continues to proliferate, but why and how multinational enterprises (MNEs) from different parts of the world engage in CSR is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there are differences in behavior based on the status of the MNE’s home country relative to the host country. Design/methodology/approach Applying a social dominance theory (SDT) framework, the authors explain variations in MNE behavior because of perceived hierarchical differences between a MNE’s home country and that of the host country. It is posited that these hierarchical differences trigger a country-of-origin bias that affects stakeholders’ expectations for the MNE, as well as that firm’s response to those expectations. In this integrative conceptual paper, we propose a testable framework derived from a deductive approach that applies the tenets of SDT to predict outcomes of CSR implementation by MNE’s subsidiaries. Findings MNEs from less developed countries are subject to lower expectations and engage in self-debilitating behavior, which may hinder their attempts to implement CSR initiatives in more developed countries. Paradoxically, engaging in CSR initiatives could help reduce liability of foreignness and increase chances for competitive advantage. Practical implications MNEs from developing countries should be aware of a potential country-of-origin bias affecting decisions on CSR implementation and that could also be detrimental to their competitive advantage when operating in more developed countries. Conversely, MNEs from developed countries should be ready for higher expectations of their CSR initiatives in less developed countries. Originality/value This paper strives to contribute to two extant literatures. First, it contributes to the social dominance literature by applying the perspective in the international business context, specifically research on MNE liability of origin. Second, this perspective offers testable propositions on how perceived hierarchies and liability of origin affect firm decision-making, specifically in the context of developing country MNEs. Third, this paper seeks to expand the discussion of MNE subsidiary CSR behavior to account for the relative context of the home and host country.

scholarly journals Who Wishes to Return? Ties to Home Country among the Romanian Migrants

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 876-890
Author(s):  
Sergiu Gherghina ◽  
Aurelian Plopeanu
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Original Dataset ◽  
Level Data ◽  
First Generation Migrants ◽  
Economic Ties ◽  
Intention To Return

AbstractThe research focusing on return migration from the perspective of migrants’ relationship with the country of origin has emphasized the emotional and economic ties. Quite often, these ties have been examined separately and there is little indication of what counts more. This article addresses this gap in the literature and analyzes the extent to which the sense of belonging, media consumption, networks of friends, and regular visits in the country of origin could affect the intention to return. It controls for remittances, voting in the elections of their home country, and age. The empirical analysis uses an original dataset including individual level data. This was collected through an online survey in January 2018 on a sample of 1,839 first generation migrants from Romania.

scholarly journals Burmese Refugee Transnationalism: What is the Effect?

2009 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inge Brees
Keyword(s):  
Community Engagement ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Peace Building ◽  
Building Process ◽  
Future Potential ◽  
Political Transnationalism ◽  
Transnational Activities

Burmese refugees in Thailand maintain economic, social and political links with their country of origin, but these transnational activities are influenced by the politics and level of development of the country of origin and the host country. Through transnational activities, refugees can have a positive impact on the home country by contributing to peace-building and development or they can enhance conflict, as the discussion on community engagement and political transnationalism will illustrate. Clearly, the increased capacity and networks of the Burmese diaspora have bestowed it with a large (future) potential to influence peace-building, development and conflict. Therefore, it is argued here that the various civil, political and military groups in exile should be included in the peace-building process initiated by international actors, next to stakeholders inside the country.

Rethinking the literature on “multiple embeddedness” and subsidiary-specific advantages

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Ferraris
Keyword(s):  
Host Country ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Complex Phenomenon ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Entire Network ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Country Specific

Purpose – This paper aims to synthesize the literature on embeddedness of MNE subsidiaries, rethinking the concept of “multiple embeddedness” in order to clarify the importance of the subsidiary-specific advantages. Design/methodology/approach – A new and innovative framework based on four key relationships: home country-specific advantages (CSAs)-Headquarters (HQ); HQ-subsidiary; subsidiary-host CSAs; and subsidiary-HQ. This framework is used to discuss the complex phenomenon of “multiple embeddedness”. Findings – The framework proposed sheds light on the subsidiary's need to develop and sustain over time its subsidiary-specific advantages (SSAs) and, where possible, to “upgrade” these SSAs and to integrate them across the entire network of the MNE. The framework is based on two pillars. The first one is the “creation and development” of firm-specific advantages (FSAs) (in the home country) and SSAs (in the host country); the second one is the “transfer” of these advantages from the parent to the subsidiary and vice versa. In addition, several interesting interrelations are found between the four main relationships, and the central role of the recombination capabilities and the importance of distance are highlighted. Originality/value – This paper is one of the first to develop a framework incorporating all the relevant relationships in multiple embeddedness. The framework is innovative and “embeddedness” is analyzed in a novel way, as many studies only partially analyze this complex phenomenon and neglect one or more of these relationships.

Country of Origin Regulation in Cross-Border Media: One Step Beyond the Freedom to Provide Services?

2005 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Hörnle
Keyword(s):  
Member State ◽  
Information Society ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Online Services ◽  
National Regulation ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
One Step ◽  
Origin Rule

The E-commerce Directive1has introduced a country of origin rule2for the provision of online services (‘information society services’). This means in principle that service providers are only subject to the rules of their country of origin or home country, ie the country where they are established. The country to which they are providing the services to, the country of destination, must refrain from applying its regulations. For regulators this means that they must not applytheir national regulations to services provided from another Member State3(‘incoming services’).Likewise they must extend national regulation to services provided to residents in another MemberState (‘outgoing services’).

scholarly journals Every Outcome Counts

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
Jeden O. Tolentino
Keyword(s):  
Probability Theory ◽  
Graph Theory ◽  
Group Theory ◽  
Visual Art ◽  
Home Country ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Young Immigrants

I approached the creation of these four graphics as a convergence of the skills and knowledge that I brought from my home country, the Philippines, and those that I have acquired in Canada. Combining abstract mathematics and visual art, I used concepts from graph theory, group theory, and probability theory to show a pictorial flow comparing the muddled situation in which young immigrants to Canada find themselves to the “optimal” albeit assimilated situation of those who have had time to settle (in multiple senses) into their new lives.

scholarly journals Diaspora Policies, Consular Services and Social Protection for Moroccan Citizens Abroad

2020 ◽  
pp. 231-246
Author(s):  
Rilke Mahieu
Keyword(s):  
Social Protection ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Financial Capital ◽  
Central Position ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Social Programs ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Creation

AbstractThis chapter sheds light on the ways in which Morocco, country of origin of a five million expatriate population centered in Europe, promotes the social protection of its expatriate citizens. Within Moroccan diaspora policies, which are long-standing, extensive and promoted by a range of diaspora institutions, the social protection of nationals abroad does not take a central position. Rather, Moroccan diaspora policies prioritize the mobilization of expatriate human and financial capital for Moroccan development interests. However, a number of initiatives have been taken to facilitate non-resident citizens’ access to social rights, such as the conclusion of bilateral conventions with major destination countries and the creation of social programs by Moroccan diaspora institutions.

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