SPACE CATEGORY IN THE LINGUISTIC LANDSCAPE OF LATGALE REGION

Via Latgalica ◽  
2012 ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Solvita Pošeiko
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
World Health ◽  
Linguistic Landscape ◽  
Place Names ◽  
Territorial Identity ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Territorial Unit ◽  
The World ◽  
Actual Space ◽  
Word Compound

<p>The space is a significant parameter of world’s existence, and a component making human’s experience and the view of the world; any culture’s understanding of the underlying principles of world’s formation, human’s place and purpose within it is associated with it. Language signs of the linguistic landscape are one of the external factors promoting and influencing formation of the world and its feeling, as well as territorial identity, overcoming or narrowing geographical and psychological borders.</p><p>The object of the research – a category of the space in the linguistic landscape of four administrative- territorial units – Daugavpils, Rēzekne, Līvani cities and Vārkava district, the object – language signs with a word or word compound explicitly expressing space.</p><p>The aim of the research – to find out how and with which language means language signs with additional space indications make concepts on space and feeling of identity to a certain area in Latgale regional linguistic landscape.</p><p>A method of the linguistic landscape was used to collect data, a content analysis was important for data selection; post-structural and descriptive methods were applied to develop the research.</p><p>Basic categories of the space within the context of the linguistic landscape are as follows: language space, information space, geographical space and public space, as the existence of the language signs are not possible outside them. The selected language signs confirm that words and word compounds representing real and mythical space are additionally given in the linguistic landscape of Latgale region.</p><p>The most significant conclusions:</p><p>1. The most often used words expressing space in the linguistic landscape of the research areal are: nomenclature words – a centre, a shop, a bank, a salon, a pharmacy, a school – and place-name Latgale (all of them are mentioned more than 20 times). The most involved words in making word compounds – a centre, and a salon (e. g., Centre of Friends; Fortunetelling Salon, Salon of Alcoholic Drinks).</p><p>2. The language signs expressing actual space are predominant – house-names (e. g., a shop, a bank, a pharmacy, a bar, etc.) related to the public and material area, and place-names (Latgale, Rēzekne, Vārkava, Daugavpils, Līvani). A choice of house-names suggests that human needs, desires and opportunities to meet them are set as a primary issue; money circulation is the main criterion for movement through the space. Usage of place-names, in its turn, proves that the larger is the territorial unit, the more seldom it is additionally emphasized in the language signs.</p><p>3. Features characterizing mythical space – polycentrism – creation of several centres and a sign even in the level of one street (e. g., there are pharmacies of 2 different companies the „Pharmacy Centre of Līvāni” in Rīga Street in Līvāni); worlds or lands of self-made goods or services (e. g., Photo World, Health Island, Alkoland, etc.); usage of words related to the celestial area – „above” (e. g., Moon Pharmacy, Sun Store, Cloud, Star Bookstore, etc.). Focusing on oneself, and things that are familiar, close and secure.</p>

scholarly journals Bare Face Person Recognition System using Deep Learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VI) ◽  
pp. 329-337
Author(s):  
Prachi Satpute
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
World Health ◽  
Camera System ◽  
Simplified Approach ◽  
The World

Nowadays, maintaining a good hygiene is very important to prevent many diseases like Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19). It has been rapidly affected our day-today life by disrupting the world trade and movements. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommend to the world that all people must wear a mask to prevent COVID-19. The use of masks is part of a comprehensive package of prevention and control measures that can limit the spread of certain respiratory viral diseases. Wearing a protective mask has become a new normal and beneficial for human being to avoid certain diseases. In the near future, many public service providers will ask the customers to wear the masks to provide their services. Therefore, face mask detection has become an important task to help global society. This paper introduce a simplified approach for face mask detection by using Deep learning and python as the programming language. We are also using Open-CV, to search for faces within a picture and then identifies if it has a mask on it or not. By using this system, the surveillance camera system present at some public Space will automatically detect whether the persons are wearing a mask or not.

What works in water supply and sanitation projects in developing countries with EWB-USA

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa J. Montgomery
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Community Education ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
World Health ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
The World ◽  
Water Supply And Sanitation

AbstractThe World Health Organization (WHO) reports some progress on the global problem of a lack of improved water and sanitation. Between 1990 and 2012, the number of people that gained improved access to improved drinking water reached 2.3 billion people, while the number of children that have died from diarrheal diseases has fallen from 1.5 million deaths to just above 600,000 deaths (1, 2). However, it is estimated that there are still 1.8 billion people using a fecally contaminated source of drinking water (3). In addition, 748 million people continue to lack clean water, 1 billion continue to practice open defecation, and 2.5 billion people still lack adequate sanitation (3). In response to this global issue, Engineers Without Borders USA (EWB-USA) began with a mission to build a better world through engineering projects that empower communities to meet their basic human needs and equip leaders to solve the world’s most pressing challenges. Their 15,000+ members work with communities to find appropriate solutions to improve water supply, sanitation, energy, agriculture, civil works and structures. Their development approach is based on standard engineering methodology, including problem identification, assessment, alternatives analysis, implementation, and monitoring and evaluation. EWB-USA began in 2002 and currently has members working in over 40 countries around the world. The majority of their work is focused in Latin America and Africa, but their programs are expanding to Asia and the Pacific Basin. Currently, EWB-USA members are working in 17 programs in six countries, including the Philippines, Thailand, Cambodia, India, Nepal, and Fiji. Success in these programs is defined by measuring overall impact and learning from failure. Impact is measured through Standard Monitoring Indicators and learning is accomplished by documenting failures and lessons learned. Through this work, the organization has impacted 2.5 million lives through primarily water supply and sanitation projects by focusing on sustainable engineering solutions, community-education, capacity building, and appropriate technologies and local resources.

scholarly journals Rethinking Use of Individual Room Air-conditioners in View of COVID 19

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Raja Singh ◽  
Anil Dewan
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Past Research ◽  
World Health ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Air Conditioners ◽  
Air Supply ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Infection Spread

As the World Health Organization is examining the airborne nature of COVID 19, there is past research on other airborne infections which set all encompassing guidelines. Even as more data begins to be available regarding COVID, there is proven spread of airborne disease like tuberculosis being transmitted by this route. As the summer months approach, there is an increased use of Air Conditioners in the tropical regions of the world. India, too being in this part of the world sees an active rise in the indoors which are being air conditioned to meet the thermal comfort requirements of the rising urban population which is spending a large chunk of time indoors. This is coupled with the enforced lockdown which encourages people to stay indoors to prevent the spread of infection. In such situations the use of Room air conditioner requires rethinking as they re-circulate the indoor air without any Fresh air supply into the room. To reduce heat gain and save the electric load of the room AC, people tend to seal the windows further. This paper looks at many possible ways of finding out infection spread in spaces and one of them is used to find out the probability of airborne infection spread in a typical public space. An experiment to validate the same has been conducted in a classroom setup with results analysed. Increased ventilation has been demonstrated to show a lesser probability of infection spread.

Connecting visual presents to archival pasts in multilingual California

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Train
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Language And Identity ◽  
Linguistic Landscape ◽  
Ethical Implications ◽  
The Past ◽  
Spanish Missions ◽  
The World ◽  
Junipero Serra

Linguistic Landscape (LL) research has emerged as an approach to document and analyze language use in public spaces in present-day multilingual California and elsewhere in the world. This paper extends the conceptual and methodological frame of LL beyond the visual, ethnographic present. It seeks to create dialogue between text-oriented archival research into historical contexts of language and identity, and the present-oriented ethnographic focus of LL grounded in current sociolinguistic, applied linguistic, anthropological, and educational research. Building upon research into monuments and memorialization, this paper develops “memorization” to conceptualize the multilayered historicity, intertextuality and materiality that commit to public memory linguistic, political, and educational discourses — with their constitutive ideologies, practices, and policies — designed to “make the past present for the future” in public space. This paper offers an interdisciplinary perspective on the memorization of the colonial Spanish missions in California and the 2015 canonization of their founder, Junípero Serra. Several methodological opportunities and challenges for LL are discussed for critically connecting present and past landscapes of multilingualism, and their future ethical implications.

A Collaborative Study to Establish the Second International Standard for Streptokinase

1990 ◽  
Vol 64 (02) ◽  
pp. 267-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
A B Heath ◽  
P J Gaffney
Keyword(s):  
High Purity ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Clot Lysis ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
International Standard ◽  
Accelerated Degradation ◽  
The World ◽  
International Collaborative Study

SummaryAn International Standard for Streptokinase - Streptodomase (62/7) has been used to calibrate high purity clinical batches of SK since 1965. An international collaborative study, involving six laboratories, was undertaken to replace this standard with a high purity standard for SK. Two candidate preparations (88/826 and 88/824) were compared by a clot lysis assay with the current standard (62/7). Potencies of 671 i.u. and 461 i.u. were established for preparations A (88/826) and B (88/824), respectively.Either preparation appeared suitable to serve as a standard for SK. However, each ampoule of preparation A (88/826) contains a more appropriate amount of SK activity for potency testing, and is therefore preferred. Accelerated degradation tests indicate that preparation A (88/826) is very stable.The high purity streptokinase preparation, coded 88/826, has been established by the World Health Organisation as the 2nd International Standard for Streptokinase, with an assigned potency of 700 i.u. per ampoule.

Erstes Instrument zur standardisierten Erfassung der Teilhabe Behinderter

2017 ◽  
Vol 79 (07) ◽  
pp. 526-527
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Menschen Mit Behinderung

Coenen M et al. [Recommendation for the collection and analysis of data on participation and disability from the perspective of the World Health Organization]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2016; 59: 1060–1067 Um eine gleichberechtigte Teilhabe an der Gesellschaft von Menschen mit Behinderung zu ermöglichen, werden zunächst Daten zu vorhandenen Einschränkungen gebraucht. Erst wenn diese detailliert erhoben wurden, können Konzepte zur Beseitigung von Problemen entwickelt werden. Ein standardisiertes Erhebungsinstrument für alle Aspekte der Funktionsfähigkeit fehlte jedoch bisher.

Coronavirus diseases and pregnancy: COVID-19,SARS, and MERS

2020 ◽  
pp. 276-289
Author(s):  
Mobina Fathi ◽  
Kimia Vakili ◽  
Niloofar Deravi
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Retardation ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
World Health ◽  
Wuhan City ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Exponential Increase ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Respiratory Droplets

Around the end of December 2019, a new beta-coronavirus from Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China began to spread rapidly. The new virus, called SARS-CoV-2, which could be transmitted through respiratory droplets, had a range of mild to severe symptoms, from simple cold in some cases to death in others. The disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 was named COVID-19 by WHO and has so far killed more people than SARS and MERS. Following the widespread global outbreak of COVID-19, with more than 132758 confirmed cases and 4955 deaths worldwide, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a pandemic disease in January 2020. Earlier studies on viral pneumonia epidemics has shown that pregnant women are at greater risk than others. During pregnancy, the pregnant woman is more prone to infectious diseases. Research on both SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, which are pathologically similar to SARS-CoV-2, has shown that being infected with these viruses during pregnancy increases the risk of maternal death, stillbirth, intrauterine growth retardation and, preterm delivery. With the exponential increase in cases of COVID-19 throughout the world, there is a need to understand the effects of SARS-CoV-2 on the health of pregnant women, through extrapolation of earlier studies that have been conducted on pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV. There is an urgent need to understand the chance of vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from mother to fetus and the possibility of the virus crossing the placental barrier. Additionally, since some viral diseases and antiviral drugs may have a negative impact on the mother and fetus, in which case, pregnant women need special attention for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of COVID-19.

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