scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF LOCAL VIBROSTIMULATION ON ELECTROMYOGRAPHY PARAMETERS IN ROWERS

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 325
Author(s):  
Kalvis Ciekurs ◽  
Viesturs Krauksts ◽  
Daina Krauksta ◽  
Baiba Smila ◽  
Aivars Kaupuzs
Keyword(s):  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Erector Spinae ◽  
Mathematical Statistics ◽  
Triceps Brachii ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Moving Speed

Local vibrostimulation (further in text - LV) is innovation as a part of training method that helps athletes to regain the power and get ready for next training faster. There are many discussions about how to increase moving speed in rowers. Many scientists research the possibilities of increasing moving speed in this sport. The following methods were used in the study: tests – Concept-2, LV manipulations, electromyography and mathematical statistics. The electromyography was made with Biometric LTD. LV manipulations were done to the muscles erector spinae, latisimus dorsi, teres major, teres minor, trapezius, infraspinatus, deltoideus, slenius capitis, triceps brachii, gluteus maximus, semitendinosus, biceps femoris, semimembranosus, castrocnemius, tendo calcaneus, rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, tensor fascia latae, vastus medialis, sarterius, ligamentum patellae, tibialis anterior, rectus abdominis, pectoralis major and biceps brachii. We using 100 Hz frequency, 2 – 4 mm amplitude and different pressure on the muscles. The total LV application time was 5 to 20  min. The obtained data were processed using mathematical statistics. The results: having stated the result difference before LV and after it. The results testify significant improvement of Concept-2 tests results and electromyography results, what is showed by the difference of the mean results. Comparing the results of the rowers of EG and CG they have differences in the left side muscle latissimus dorsi after the t-test where p>0.05, but stating the percentage of the mean result difference of this muscle it was found out that p>0.05 what also shows significant changes in the muscle biopotential (mV).

scholarly journals LOCAL VIBRATION INFLUENCE OF ELECTROMYOGRAPHY PARAMETERS ON ANAEROBIC CAPACITY TEST IN ROWERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Kalvis Ciekurs ◽  
Viesturs Krauksts ◽  
Daina Krauksta ◽  
Juris Grants ◽  
Žermēna Vazne
Keyword(s):  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Anaerobic Capacity ◽  
Erector Spinae ◽  
Mathematical Statistics ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Triceps Brachii ◽  
Local Vibration ◽  
The Mean

Whole body vibration is a worldwide innovation as a part of training method that helps athletes to regain the power and get ready for next training faster. However less attention is paid to local vibration where an isolated muscle or muscle group is stimulated by the use of a vibration device. For the reason to determine the effect of local vibration on anaerobic capacity of rowers, two research groups were assembled from the students of Murjāņi Sport Gymnasium (MSG). The following methods were used in the study: tests – Concept-2, local vibration (LV) manipulations, electromyography and mathematical statistics. The electromyography was made with Biometric LTD. LV manipulations were done to the muscles erector spinae, latisimus dorsi, teres major, teres minor, trapezius, infraspinatus, deltoideus, slenius capitis, triceps brachii, gluteus maximus, semitendinosus, biceps femoris, semimembranosus, castrocnemius, tendo calcaneus, rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, tensor fascia latae, vastus medialis, sarterius, ligamentum patellae, tibialis anterior, rectus abdominis, pectoralis major un biceps brachii. We using 100 Hz frequency, 2 – 4 mm amplitude and different pressure on the muscles. The total LV application time was 5 to 20 min. The obtained data were processed using mathematical statistics. The results: having stated the result difference before LV and after it. The results testify significant improvement of Concept-2 tests results and electromyography results, what is showed by the difference of the mean results. Comparing the results of the rowers of experimental group (EG) and control group (CG) they have differences in the left side muscle latissimus dorsi after the t-test where p>0.05, but stating the percentage of the mean result difference of this muscle it was found out that p>0.05 what also shows significant changes in the muscle biopotential (mV). 

scholarly journals Effect of hormonal growth promotants on palatability and carcass traits of various muscles from steer and heifer carcasses from a Bos indicus - Bos taurus composite cross

2008 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
pp. 1415 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Watson ◽  
R. Polkinghorne ◽  
A. Gee ◽  
M. Porter ◽  
J. M. Thompson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Cooking Methods ◽  
Triceps Brachii ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Psoas Major

The effect of several different hormonal growth promotant (HGP) implant strategies on the palatability and carcass traits of different muscles in beef carcasses was investigated using samples from heifer and steer carcasses from a Bos indicus composite breed. In experiment 1, there were seven different implant strategies evaluated in heifers that were given different combinations of up to three implants (implanted at weaning, during backgrounding and at feedlot entry). A total of 112 heifers were slaughtered and 11 muscles or portions were collected from both sides [Mm. adductor femoris, gracilus, semimembranosus, longissimus dorsi lumborum, triceps brachii caput longum, semispinalis capitis, serratus ventralis cervicis, spinalis dorsi, biceps femoris (syn. gluteobiceps), tensor fasciae latae, gluteus medius (both the ‘D’ and the ‘eye’ portions) rectus femoris, vastus intermedius, vastus lateralis and vastus medialis]. These muscles were used to prepare a total of 1030 sensory samples which were aged for either 7 or 21 days and frozen. Thawed samples were cooked using different cooking methods (grill, roast and stir frying) before being evaluated by a consumer taste panel that scored samples for tenderness, juiciness, like flavour and overall liking. Experiment 2 used the steer portion from the same calving, which were treated to a similar array of HGP strategies, except that they were given up to four implants between weaning and slaughter at ~3 years of age. In experiment 2, there was a total of 12 different HGP implant strategies tested. At boning, three muscles (Mm. psoas major, longisimuss dorsi thoracis and lumborum portions) were collected from each of 79 carcasses with a total of 237 steak samples that consumers tested as grilled steaks. For both experiments, the mean of the HGP implant strategies resulted in increased ossification scores (P < 0.05) and decreased marbling scores (P < 0.05) compared with the controls, with the effect on ossification being much larger in the older steer groups. In both experiments, the different HGP strategies decreased (P < 0.05) all sensory scores compared with the controls, for all cooking method and muscle combinations. In experiment 1, there was no interaction between the mean HGP effect and muscle (P > 0.05), and aging rates differed among the muscles (P < 0.05). In experiment 2, there was a significant (P < 0.05) muscle × HGP treatment interaction, with a decrease in tenderness score due to HGP implant strategies in the M. longisimuss thoracis and lumborum portions, compared with no significant effect in the M. psoas major. For both experiments, there were no significant differences among the different implantation strategies on sensory scores (P > 0.05).

Immunohistochemical quantification of fast-myosin in frozen histological sections of goat limb muscles

1996 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Manabe ◽  
Y Azuma ◽  
Y. Furuya ◽  
K. Kuramitsu ◽  
Y. Kuribayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Triceps Brachii ◽  
Histological Sections ◽  
Fast Myosin ◽  
Fast Twitch ◽  
Lateral Head

AbstractFast-myosin in frozen histological sections of eight, 10, 11 and nine muscles of the upper forelimb, lower forelimb, upper hindlimb and lower hindlimb, respectively, of goats was quantified by an immunohistochemical micromethod based on the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The structure of the muscles is well preserved during the immunohistochemical measurement. High fast-myosin levels (more than 201 mg/g total protein) were observed in the triceps brachii (lateral head), rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, gastrocnemius (lateral head) and long digital extensor muscles. In contrast, low fast-myosin levels (less than 50 mg/g) were found in the triceps brachii (medial head), superficial digital flexor, vastus intermedialis, and soleus muscles. Fast-myosin-positive fibres (type II or fast-twitch type) were distributed more in the superficial regions than in the deeper regions in the triceps brachii (lateral and long heads), biceps brachii, brachialis, biceps femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, semimembranosus and gastrocnemius (lateral and medial heads) muscles. In contrast, type IIfibres were distributed more in the deeper regions than in the superficial regions in the extensor carpi radialis, deep digital flexor, cranial tibial, deep digital flexor and superficial digital flexor muscles. When the results obtained by the immunohistochemical micromethod were compared with those obtained by biochemical techniques and by histomorphometrical analyses, high correlations were noted. This technique could be used in research projects to study the muscle characteristics that determine meat quality.

Muscle coordination in cycling: effect of surface incline and posture

1998 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 927-934 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Li ◽  
Graham E. Caldwell
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Knee Extensors ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Muscle Coordination

The purpose of the present study was to examine the neuromuscular modifications of cyclists to changes in grade and posture. Eight subjects were tested on a computerized ergometer under three conditions with the same work rate (250 W): pedaling on the level while seated, 8% uphill while seated, and 8% uphill while standing (ST). High-speed video was taken in conjunction with surface electromyography (EMG) of six lower extremity muscles. Results showed that rectus femoris, gluteus maximus (GM), and tibialis anterior had greater EMG magnitude in the ST condition. GM, rectus femoris, and the vastus lateralis demonstrated activity over a greater portion of the crank cycle in the ST condition. The muscle activities of gastrocnemius and biceps femoris did not exhibit profound differences among conditions. Overall, the change of cycling grade alone from 0 to 8% did not induce a significant change in neuromuscular coordination. However, the postural change from seated to ST pedaling at 8% uphill grade was accompanied by increased and/or prolonged muscle activity of hip and knee extensors. The observed EMG activity patterns were discussed with respect to lower extremity joint moments. Monoarticular extensor muscles (GM, vastus lateralis) demonstrated greater modifications in activity patterns with the change in posture compared with their biarticular counterparts. Furthermore, muscle coordination among antagonist pairs of mono- and biarticular muscles was altered in the ST condition; this finding provides support for the notion that muscles within these antagonist pairs have different functions.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF TRADITIONAL STRENGTH TRAINING AND OLYMPIC WEIGHTLIFTING IN HANDBALL PLAYERS

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-234
Author(s):  
Bárbara Slovak ◽  
Leandro Carvalho ◽  
Fernando Rodrigues ◽  
Paulo Costa Amaral ◽  
Deborah Duarte Palma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strength Training ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Plyometric Exercise ◽  
Regular Training

ABSTRACT Introduction Olympic weightlifting has been adopted as an alternative to plyometric exercise. However, the effects of these exercises in young handball athletes is not known. Objective To compare the effect of Olympic weightlifting training with traditional strength training on jumping, squatting and acceleration performance in young handball athletes. Ten female handball athletes were evaluated. After six weeks of regular training, the athletes underwent eight weeks of training specifically designed for the survey, with equivalence of the total volume of training and differences in the means used. The evaluations were performed after six weeks of regular training (Baseline), after four weeks of traditional strength training and after four weeks of Olympic weightlifting. Vertical Jumps with and without movement of the arms, acceleration of 10 m, 20 m and 30 m, and 1RM in squatting were quantified. Results Increases (p<0.05) were observed in accelerations and squatting in the Olympic weightlifting and in squatting in the traditional strength training. Differences in coordination, time to activation of the gastrocnemius, vastus lateralis, rectus femoris, biceps femoris and gluteus maximus, peak force and power and rate of force development between the jumps and exercises used in the training are hypotheses to be considered for the different responses adaptations found in the jumps. Conclusion The Olympic weightlifting training resulted in an increase in accelerations and strength, but not in vertical jump performance in young handball athletes. Level of Evidence I; Prognostic Studies - Investigation of the Effect of a Patient Characteristic on Disease Outcome.

scholarly journals The Effect of Repetitive Rugby Scrummaging on Force Output and Muscle Activity

2017 ◽  
Vol 01 (03) ◽  
pp. E89-E93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darryl Cochrane ◽  
Keegan Harnett ◽  
Nicolas Lopez-Villalobos ◽  
Jeremy Hapeta
Keyword(s):  
Force Production ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Mean Amplitude ◽  
Erector Spinae ◽  
Medial Gastrocnemius ◽  
Median Frequency ◽  
Force Output ◽  
Subsequent Performance

AbstractDuring rugby scrummaging, front row forwards encounter high levels of force that has been suggested to cause transient fatigue and is likely to reduce subsequent performance. However, little is known about the effect of repetitive scrummaging on force output and onset of fatigue. Twelve male front row forwards (21.5±2.3 yr; height 185.7±4.4 cm; body mass 108.5±7.1 kg) each performed three sets of five maximal-effort isometric scrums for 10 s, with 40 s rest separating each repetition; 2 min recovery was provided between each set. Force output and electromyography (EMG) of the right medial gastrocnemius (MG), biceps femoris (BF), gluteus maximus (GM), erector spinae (ES), rectus abdominis (RA), external oblique (EO), internal oblique (IO), and rectus femoris (RF) were assessed. There was no significant force decrement from performing 15 scrums and no fatigue was detected from EMG median frequency and mean amplitude. For training and practice purposes, coaches and trainers can be confident that 15 individual repetitive static scrums against a machine are unlikely to cause a reduction in force production and promote fatigue. However, the effect of rugby-related activities in conjunction with scrummaging requires further research to determine if transient fatigue is causal to scrummaging for subsequent performance.

Analysis of Lower Limb Muscle Function in Ergometer Rowing

1988 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-M. John Wilson ◽  
D. Gordon E. Robertson ◽  
J. Peter Stothart
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Tibialis Anterior ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Peak Force ◽  
Lower Limb Muscle ◽  
Limb Muscle

In an effort to seek further understanding of lower limb muscle function in the rowing movement, an electromyographic analysis was undertaken of rowers rowing on a Gjessing ergometer. A strain gauged transducer was inserted in the ergometer linkage between handle and flywheel to detect pulling force. Electrodes were placed on the following lower limb muscles: gluteus maximus, biceps femoris, rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, gastrocnemius, and tibialis anterior. Linear envelope electromyograms from each muscle and the force signals were sampled synchronously at 50 Hz. The results indicated that all six muscles were active from catch to finish of the drive phase. Biceps femoris, gluteus maximus, gastrocnemius, and vastus lateralis all began their activity at or just prior to catch and reached maximal excitation near peak force of the stroke. Rectus femoris and tibialis anterior activity began prior to the catch and reached maximal excitation subsequent to peak force. The coactivation of the five leg muscles, of which four were biarticular, included potentially antagonistic actions that would cancel each other’s effects. Clearly, however, other explanations must be considered. Both gastrocnemius and biceps femoris have been shown to act as knee extensors and may do so in the case of the rowing action. Furthermore, rectus femoris may act with unchanging length as a knee extensor by functioning as a rigid link between the pelvis and tibia. In this manner, energy created by the hip extensors is transferred across the knee joint via the isometrically contracting rectus femoris muscle.

scholarly journals The importance of functional diagnostics in preventing and rehabilitating gymnast injuries with the assistance of the tensiomyography (TMG) method: a case study

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
ALMIR ATIKOVIĆ ◽  
MITIJA SAMARDŽIJA PAVLETIĆ ◽  
MUHAMED TABAKOVIĆ
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Program ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Muscle Stiffness ◽  
Erector Spinae ◽  
Radial Deformation ◽  
Lumbar Region ◽  
The Time Domain ◽  
Two Stages

Background: The tensiomyography assessment offers information, in the time domain, regarding the following parameters: maximal radial deformation or displacement of the muscle belly, contraction time, reaction time, sustain time and relaxation time. The aim of this study is to provide information about muscle stiffness, the mechanic and contractile properties using the TMG muscles after 4 months rehabilitation process gymnast. Material/Methods: Four muscles were chosen on both lateral sides involved in artistic gymnastics performance: biceps femoris, erector spinae, gluteus maximus, rectus femoris. The testing sample in this study was taken from the Croatian Republic’s senior representative who won third place 2012 and eighth place 2015 in the floor routine at the ECh. Results: The testing and measuring took place after the subject injured the lumbar region of the spinal cord and after a four-month prevention exercise program. After the first two stages of measuring, the differences can be found in: BF: -7%; ES: +17%; GM: -8%; RF: +11%. Generally speaking, a dependent t-test did not reveal significant differences in between the first and second measurement point (t = 1.941, df = 39, P < 0.059). Conclusions: This approach can be used to investigate top athletes who are in the process of training for muscle recovery as a result of skeletal muscle injury.

scholarly journals A Semi-active Exoskeleton Based on EMGs Reduces Muscle Fatigue When Squatting

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuo Wang ◽  
Xinyu Wu ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Chunjie Chen ◽  
Shoubin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Fatigue ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Metabolic Cost ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Elastic Support ◽  
Erector Spinae ◽  
Rigid Support ◽  
Working Environments ◽  
Vastus Intermedius

In dynamic manufacturing and warehousing environments, the work scene made it impossible for workers to sit, so workers suffer from muscle fatigue of the lower limb caused by standing or squatting for a long period of time. In this paper, a semi-active exoskeleton used to reduce the muscle fatigue of the lower limb was designed and evaluated. (i) Background: The advantages and disadvantages of assistive exoskeletons developed for industrial purposes were introduced. (ii) Simulation: The process of squatting was simulated in the AnyBody.7.1 software, the result showed that muscle activity of the gluteus maximus, rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, and erector spinae increased with increasing of knee flexion angle. (iii) Design: The exoskeleton was designed with three working modes: rigid-support mode, elastic-support mode and follow mode. Rigid-support mode was suitable for scenes where the squatting posture is stable, while elastic-support mode was beneficial for working environments where the height of squatting varied frequently.The working environments were identified intelligently based on the EMGs of the gluteus maximus, and quadriceps, and the motor was controlled to switch the working mode between rigid-support mode and elastic-support mode. In follow mode, the exoskeleton moves freely with users without interfering with activities such as walking, ascending and descending stairs. (iv) Experiments: Three sets of experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of exoskeleton. Experiment one was conducted to measure the surface electromyography signal (EMGs) in both condition of with and without exoskeleton, the root mean square of EMGs amplitude of soleus, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, gastrocnemius, vastus intermedius, rectus femoris, gluteus maximus, and erector spinae were reduced by 98.5, 97.89, 80.09, 77.27, 96.73, 94.17, 70.71, and 36.32%, respectively, with the assistance of the exoskeleton. The purpose of experiment two was aimed to measure the plantar pressure with and without exoskeleton. With exoskeleton, the percentage of weight through subject's feet was reduced by 63.94, 64.52, and 65.61% respectively at 60°, 90°, and 120° of knee flexion angle, compared to the condition of without exoskeleton. Experiment three was purposed to measure the metabolic cost at a speed of 4 and 5 km/h with and without exoskeleton. Experiment results showed that the average additional metabolic cost introduced by exoskeleton was 2.525 and 2.85%. It indicated that the exoskeleton would not interfere with the movement of the wearer Seriously in follow mode. (v) Conclusion: The exoskeleton not only effectively reduced muscle fatigue, but also avoided interfering with the free movement of the wearer.

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