scholarly journals Disciplinary Responsibility of Civil Servants of the Russian Empire

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 23-34
Author(s):  
E. L. Leshchina
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Disciplinary Power ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Disciplinary Process ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Judicial Procedure

The paper is devoted to examining legal, factual and procedural grounds of disciplinary responsibility of civil servants in the Russian Empire on the basis of the Statutes of Civil Service, Regulations on Punishments in Criminal and Correctional Proceedings, the Statute of Criminal Proceedings. The author defines the concept of official misconduct (malfeasance in office), the legislatively established list of disciplinary offences and relevant measures of influence, their substantive characteristics, the peculiarities of simple (extrajudicial) and judicial procedure of proceedings in disciplinary cases initiated against civil servants of administrative departments. The analysis made it possible to draw a conclusion about the existence in the second half of the 18th century in the system of the Russian public service of a disciplinary process that has all the features of the legal process and a procedural form of criminal proceedings. The use of disciplinary sanctions was subject to certain rules that protected subordinates from arbitrary use of disciplinary power by their principals. The most stringent forms of disciplinary sanctions involving dismissal from service could only be applied by the court. A number of provisions existing at the time can be used to improve the legal basis of the proceedings in disciplinary cases of civil servants of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Unknown pages from Maria Kantakuzino’s biography

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
Victor Tvircun ◽  
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
The Political ◽  
Biographical Data ◽  
Peter The Great ◽  
Political Events ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
State Archives ◽  
The Russian Empire

Thе present publication is the first in historiography to highlight the unknown pages from the biography of Maria Andreevna Kantakuzino, wife of Foma (Toma) Kantakuzino, Major General of the Russian Army, an associate of Peter the Great. The research is based on documents discovered by the author in the State archives of the Russian Federation. The hallmark of this article is the fact, that the biographical data of Maria Cantacuzino are disclosed in the context of the political events of the 1st quarter of the 18th century, as well as her personal ties and correspondence with statesmen of the Russian Empire, the author reflects the issue of the financial situation of the countess in Russia. At the same time, the publication sheds light on the previously unknown biographical data of Maria Cantacuzino – the time and conditions of her arrival in Russia, the place of residence, as well as the date of her death. This publication, on the basis of archival documents discovered and introduced into scientific circulation, makes it possible to show the property status and possessions of the Cantacuzino family in Russia in the first half of the 18th century, as well as their fate after the death of the owners.

A New Step in the Study of the History of the Russian Prosecutor’s Office

2019 ◽  
pp. 94-98
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
High Level ◽  
The University

The paper is a review on the textbook by A. V. Yeremin, «The History of the National Prosecutor’s office» and the anthology «The Prosecutor’s Office of the Russian Empire in the Documents of 1722–1917» (authors: V. V. Lavrov, A. V. Eremin, edited by N. M. Ivanov) published at the St. Petersburg Law Institute (branch) of the University of the Prosecutor’s office of the Russian Federation in 2018. The reviewers emphasize the high relevance and high level of research, their theoretical and practical significance. The textbook and the anthology will help the students increase their legal awareness, expand their horizons.

Heinrich Gross of Würtemberg: A Diplomat on Elizabeth Petrovna's Service

2021 ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Maksim Anisimov
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
Diplomatic Relations ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century

Heinrich Gross was a diplomat of the Empress of Russia Elizabeth Petrovna, a foreigner on the Russian service who held some of the most important diplomatic posts of her reign. As the head of Russian diplomatic missions in European countries, he was an immediate participant in the rupture of both Franco-Russian and Russo-Prussian diplomatic relations and witnessed the beginning of the Seven Years' War, while in the capital of Saxony, besieged by Prussian troops. After that H. Gross was one of the members of the collective leadership of the Russian Collegium of Foreign Affairs. So far there is only one biographic essay about him written in the 19th century. The aims of this article are threefold. Using both published foreign affairs-related documentation and diplomatic documents stored in the Archive of the Foreign Policy of the Russian Empire, it attempts to systematize the materials of the biography of this important participant in international events. It also seeks to assess his professional qualities and get valuable insight into his role both in the major events of European politics and in the implementation of the foreign policy of the Russian Empire in the mid-18th century. Moreover, the account of the diplomatic career of H. Gross presented in this essay aims to generate genuine interest among researchers in the personality and professional activities of one of the most brilliant Russian diplomats of the Enlightenment Era.

scholarly journals NEW SPIRITUAL LITERATURE OF THE END OF 18TH CENTURY - BEGINNING OF THE 19TH CENTURY (TO THE PROBLEM OF SEARCHING FOR UNKNOWN MANUSCRIPTS)

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 783-787
Author(s):  
K.Yu. Anders-Namzhilova
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Scientific Society ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article describes the problem of searching for unknown manuscripts in the study of new spiritual literature that occurred in the Russian Empire at the turn of 18th century. The documents of Moscow Ecclesiastical Censor’s Archive are the main information source of church and religious materials written during that period. The Moscow Ecclesiastical Censor was the first specialized authority established by Synod in 1799 for considering the religious compositions. Compositions which were banned by censors couldn’t be printed and for this reason they become unknown even for modern scientific society. However, a lot of these compositions weren’t lost: they are kept in manuscripts which are dispersed throughout different archive and library funds, that’s why they cannot be attributed without the engagement of the censor committee’s archive documents.

scholarly journals Female labor applying by the Maritime Ministry of the Russian Empire at the turn of the 19th - 20th centuries

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-373
Author(s):  
Irina V Sinova
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Equal Opportunity ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Periodical Press ◽  
The Public ◽  
Russian State ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The Impact

The article deals with the issues related to the evolution of the use of women in the civil service at the turn of the 19th - 20th centuries on the example of the Maritime Ministry on the basis of previously unpublished documents stored in the Russian state archive of the Navy and periodical press materials. The study of gender issues can be of scientific interest on the basis of its documents, as practically not in demand in research related to the women’s issue. As a result of the struggle of the public, there were some concessions on the part of the authorities related to the expansion of women’s access to fill certain positions in a number of areas that experienced a lack of certain qualifications, including public service, in the conditions of intensive bourgeois development. The article analyzes the legal acts regulating the work of women, especially in the public service. it is shown how the changes that took place in the Russian Empire influenced the transformation of the socio-economic situation of women in General, and, also, became a reflection of the social policy of the state. The article reveals the attitude of the heads of departments of the Ministry to the admission of women to the public service, as well as their opinion on the degree of necessity for the service itself in attracting women to it. The article deals with the arguments of men - heads of departments of the Ministry, related to the impact of women’s work on home life, on the family and on itself, which differed largely by philistine assessments, rather than progressive views. In fact, on the part of the authorities, concessions to women were more imaginary and forced than the result of an objective assessment of their equal opportunity to serve in the public system.

scholarly journals The historiography of the Kazakhs’ Junior Horde incorporation into the Russian Empire (the pre-revolutionary period)

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 122-126
Author(s):  
Gulbanu Bolatovna Izbassarova
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Character Assessment ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Concept Change ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
First Time ◽  
Revolutionary Period

The Kazakhs Junior Horde, due to external - internal political reasons was the first one who became the part of Russian Empire. Chinggizid Abulkhair was an initiator of the Kazakh society incorporation into the structure of the Russian Empire. The aggravation of the Kazakh-Bashkir, Kazakh-Kalmyk, Kazakh-Dzungar relations leads to a search for a strong overlord. At the beginning of the 18th century, after the Prut campaign, the interests of the Russian Empire moved from the Black Sea to Asia, which is south-east direction. Formation of the imperial concept, change in the concept of Russias historical mission on the international scene forms new strategic and political aims of the Russian Empire. The Academy of Sciences founded in 1724 by the emperor Peter I as well as representatives of local administrations started to explain to the Russian public the acquisition of new lands policy. The reflection of this event to the Russian historiography of the XVIII-XIX centuries is studied in this article. The attention is paid to the study of a concept of citizenship, an interpretation of its character, assessment of the Kazakh khan Abulkhair, the accession initiator by pre-revolutionary historiography representatives. The article considers views of P.I. Rychkov, A.I. Levshin, who are for the first time in their writings, on the basis of archival, authentic sources, gathered a wealth of factual material, scientifically substantiated opinions on the issue of incorporation.

scholarly journals Hryhorii Kontsevych’s Music-foikloristic activity

Ethnomusic ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-114
Author(s):  
Nadiya Suprun-Yaremko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Terrorist Attack ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Folk Songs ◽  
Folk Culture ◽  
Political Reality ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Russian Empire

Musical and folkloristic activities of the Kuban activist Hryhorii Kontsevych, Ukrainian in origin, lasted for half a century under conditions of the Russian Empire, and from 1920 – Soviet totalitarian socio-political reality, of which he became the in- nocent victim in 1937, accused of being involved in the preparation of terrorist attack against Stalin. Kontsevych’ name o and his versatile activity as a chanter, folklorist, composer, teacher and organizer of music affairs in the Krasnodar Territory of the Russian Federation have been hushed up for 52 years (until 1989). In her paper, the author, as a native of the Krasnodar Territory and researcher of folk culture of the Ukrainians from Kuban, set out an objective to draw up a creative portrait of H. Kont- sevych and review his folklore collections and papers that were reprinted or found in the libraries and archives of Krasnodar with the support of the leader of Kuban Cossack Choir, folklorist, Honoured Artist of Russia, Ukraine and Adygea Viktor Zakharchenko. The paper draws up Kontsevych’s creative portrait, examines (based on republication of 2001) the entire corpus of arranged and published in 1904–1913 276 song and analyses the collection “Musical folklore of Adygei in the records by H. M. Kontsevych”, written shortly before his death, but first published in 1997. The research essay “Chumaks in folk songs” introduced to the scientific circulation. The research essay “Chumaks in folk songs” introduced to the scientific circulation. The conclusion is drawn up that it was exactly Hryhorii Komtsevych, who made the great- est contribution to the formation of Kuban musical folklore.

Language Management in the Russian Empire, Soviet Union, and Post-Soviet Countries

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneta Pavlenko
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Bilingual Education ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Language Policies ◽  
Language Management ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Russian Empire

This chapter examines four aspects of language management—nativization, linguistic assimilation, de-russification, and bilingual education—in the multilingual territory first occupied by the Russian Empire, then by the USSR, and then by the successor states. The rationale for this diachronic approach is twofold. The three settings are interrelated: post-Soviet developments cannot be fully understood outside their historic context, just as the full impact of Soviet language policies can only be established through the post-Soviet lens. In addition, sociolinguists generally lack familiarity with Russian and Soviet language management. The discussion focuses on the territories occupied by the fourteen successor states and on their titular languages; the processes taking place in the Russian Federation are sufficiently different to merit a separate review.

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