scholarly journals Agent-based model the urban dynamics using gis-technology

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
Sergey Petrovich Semenov ◽  
Viktor Vladimirovich Slavsky ◽  
Artyom Olegovich Tashkin
Keyword(s):  
Computer Model ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Gis Technology ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Urban Dynamics ◽  
City Dynamics ◽  
City Population ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Support Decision Making

The aim of the work is to develop a computer model of the dynamics of the city, using combined technologies: agent approach, methods of system dynamics and GIS technologies. The computer model can be used as a tool to support decision-making in the management of urban systems. The conceptual model of the city dynamics and the technology of its implementation in AnyLogic environment are presented, as well as the study of the impact of changes in the level of comfort of areas on the dynamics of the city population.

scholarly journals Population changes in former voivodeship cities in Poland in the context of suburbanization processes and loss of the administrative function

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 66-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wioletta Szymańska ◽  
Tomasz Michalski
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Administrative Reform ◽  
The Other ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Population Changes ◽  
Influence Zone ◽  
City Core ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Abstract The article presents an attempt to analyse population changes and to measure the strength of the impact of factors causing these changes in former voivodeship (province) cities in Poland. In view of the ongoing processes of suburbanisation, the discussion also concerns the areas surrounding the city, i.e. those creating urban systems together with the city. These zones were delineated, calling them demographic influence zones, because only demographic factors were involved in defining them. The research was conducted in the period between1999–2015, and took into account the administrative reform of the country that degraded 31 cities from voivodeship (NUTS-2) capitals to poviat (LAU-1) cities. The main aim of the study was to find an answer to the question: do the directions and the strength of population changes confirm a hypothesis of the destructive impact of the loss of administrative function on settlement units. The results of the study only partially confirmed this hypothesis. Although a decrease in the population is overwhelmingly predominant in the city core, in the case of the demographic influence zone, it has already increased. Counting both parts together, it was found that in half of the cases there was a decline and in the other half a growth of the population.

scholarly journals Market Access and the Concentration of Economic Activity in a System of Declining Cities

REGION ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-109
Author(s):  
Luis Eduardo Quintero ◽  
Paula Restrepo
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Market Potential ◽  
Population Loss ◽  
City Population ◽  
Alternative Measures ◽  
System Of Cities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Market access has been widely used as a measure of agglomeration spillovers in models that seek to explain productivity, economic or population growth at the city level. Most results have shown that having higher market access is beneficial to these outcomes. These results, both theoretical and empirical, have been obtained in a context of population growth. This article examines the impact that market access has on a system of cities that has suffered a negative population shock. An extended version of the Brezis and Krugman (1997) model of life cycle of cities predicts that a system of cities experiencing population loss will see a relative reorganization of its population from small to larger cities, and that higher market potential will make this movement stronger. We test these predictions with a comprehensive sample of cities in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. We find that having higher market access - when operating in an environment of population decline - is detrimental to city population growth. This result is robust to different measures of market access that use population. Alternative measures that use economic size rather population are tested, and the result weaker. A possible explanation is that using NLs restricts the sample to only using larger cities. 

Detection Model of Heavy Metal Pollution Source of City Surface Soil

2013 ◽  
Vol 329 ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
Lian Qiu Wei
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Pollution Source ◽  
Detection Model ◽  
City Population ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

With the rapid development of city economy and increasing of city population , the impact of human activities on the environmental quality of the city is becoming more and more serious. The influence of human activity under the evolution model of city geological environment,has increasingly become the focus of attention. To make the analysis of these data through the concentration of heavy metals in the surface soil of the city, the location of sampling points and heavy metal concentrations of background value, establish a detection model of heavy metal pollution source about city surface soil.

scholarly journals Depressed spaces as an instrument for transformation of urban areas

2020 ◽  
Vol 217 ◽  
pp. 02008
Author(s):  
Valentina Kurochkina
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Recently, more and more often urban abandoned and depressed spaces that were previously used as industrial facilities or temporarily used are becoming the sphere of architectural and landscape transformations. These territories can occupy a significant part of the city. This paper examines the features of the formation of urban planning systems, as well as the impact of depressed spaces on the quality of the urban environment. This paper studies such depressed spaces as abandoned industrial areas and objects of unfinished construction. The paper assesses the impact of depressed spaces, identifies criteria that reflect the nature, scale and features of their impact on the environment, on the safety and quality of the urban environment, as well as their role in the structure of the city as a whole. The principles and features of the formation of such urban depressed spaces, as well as the patterns of their development are revealed. The features of the formation of open public space of urban systems, as well as ways of transforming depressed spaces, aimed at increasing their social significance, integrating them into the general urban development, and improving the ecological and social situation are considered. The paper concludes that the problem of restoration of depressed spaces is very important and urgent today. The creation of a continuous urban tissue is impossible without the reorganization of such spaces, as well as the creation of an integral compositional, functional and communication urban planning system.

The Impact of Migration and Innovations on the Life Cycles and Size Distribution of Cities

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 531-549
Author(s):  
Dani Broitman ◽  
Itzhak Benenson ◽  
Daniel Czamanski
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
Urban System ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Process Innovations ◽  
Product Innovations ◽  
Relative Attractiveness ◽  
Migration Dynamics ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

We present a comprehensive agent-based model of a closed system of cities. The model includes two types of agents—employees and firms. Firms compete for workers and make decisions concerning what to produce and whether to adopt innovations. Individual employees make migration decisions. Some migrants become intrapreneurs when their employers adopt production process innovations that they propose. Some migrants become entrepreneurs when the product innovations that they propose are implemented by their employers in new subsidiary firms. These firms tend to be technological leaders. The decisions of individuals and of firms generate innovation–migration dynamics that generate a variety of city sizes. A city that is home to firms that are currently relatively attractive to migrating innovators experience moderate or fast growth. Because of particular decision patterns by individuals and firms, this growth may decline and stop, and the city may stagnate and loose workers as its relative attractiveness decreases. Cities that remain unattractive for long periods can stop growing and shrink. We model explicitly the extent to which cities attract immigrants and innovators and demonstrate that the size distribution of cities is defined by the ability of its resident firms to adopt the innovations and to let the product innovators establish technologically advanced enterprises. These decisions result in high market value of the most productive firms, of the entire industrial system the city where the firm is located, and of the entire urban system.

scholarly journals The taming of chaos: Optimal cities and the state of the art in urban systems research

Urban Studies ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 004209802110128
Author(s):  
Linnet Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Critical Approach ◽  
City Life ◽  
Urban Dynamics ◽  
Systems Research ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Technology Users ◽  
The City

What can urban big data research tell us about cities? While studying cities as complex systems offers a new perspective on urban dynamics, we should dig deeper into the epistemological claims made by these studies and ask what it means to distance the urban researcher from the city. Big data research has the tendency to flatten our perspective: it shows us technology users and their interactions with digital systems but does so often at the expense of the informal and irregular aspects of city life. It also presents us with the city as optimisable system, offering up the chance to engineer it for particular forms of efficiency or productivity. Both optimisation itself, and the process of ordering of the city for optimisation, confer political and economic power and produce a hierarchy of interests. This commentary advocates that researchers connect systems research to questions of structure and power. To do this requires a critical approach to what is missing, what is implied by the choices about which data to collect and how to make them available, and an understanding of the ontologies that shape both the data sets and the urban spaces they describe.

scholarly journals THE URBAN AND THE GLOBAL IN THE EARLY MODERN PERIOD IN A COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE

Almanack ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Dantas ◽  
Emma Hart
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Urban Dynamics ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Early Twenty ◽  
Analytical Perspective ◽  
Global Movement ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Abstract: This dossier argues that the historical phenomena of the urban and the global have interacted in a dialogical fashion: urban dynamics sustained the creation of a modern and globally connected world while the global movement of people, goods, ideas, and practices helped to define urban realities and ideals. The perspective that emphasizes the interconnection between the city and globalization-the global city-is prevalent in urban studies that focus on the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. Applying the same analytical perspective to the early modern period using an implicit comparison between different urban centers and communities elucidates the role cities like Rio de Janeiro played in that era of globalization, as well as the impact that historical moment had on the city.

scholarly journals Os jogos sociais nas cidades dos megaeventos esportivos: Etnografia em redes e sociabilidades políticas efervescentes, no contexto de Porto Alegre-RS

ILUMINURAS ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (27) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anelise Gutterres
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Porto Alegre ◽  
World Cup ◽  
Urban Dynamics ◽  
Mega Events ◽  
Political Networks ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Esse ensaio apresenta a experiência do trabalho com redes de negociação e resistência em contextos urbanos.Partindo da disciplina antropológica e das pesquisas em torno do fenômeno da cidade é discutido a relevância das redes sociais para o fluxo de trocas - formador de vínculopolíticos e partidários - no estudo do impacto de eventos como a Copa do Mundo, em Porto Alegre.Palavras chave: Ritmos temporais e megaeventos. Sociabilidade. Rede política. Dinâmicas urbanas. The politics sociability in the cities of mega-events: Ethnography of social network in the context of Porto Alegre- RS Abstract This essay presents the experience of working with networks of negotiation and resistance in urban contexts.From within of anthropology and of the studies about the city is discussing the relevance ofsocial networks for the flow of exchange - moulder of political links andmembers of a paty - for the study of the impact of events like the World Cup in Porto Alegre.Keywords: Time rhythm and mega events. Sociability. Political networks. Urban dynamics.

scholarly journals COMBINED EFFECTS OF THE LIVING ENVIRONMENT ON THE WELL-BEING OF THE CITY POPULATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 128-137
Author(s):  
Alexandra Alekseevna KORMINA
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
City Population ◽  
Management Decision Making ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The method of assessing the impact of factors of diff erent nature on the components of the city’s living environment that determine favorable living conditions and the well-being of the population is considered. It is statistically established that the variety of factors should be taken into account when assessing and normalizing the combination of multifactorial impacts on demographic and social processes occurring in the urban environment. Combinations of the most signifi cant interacting factors and statistical models based on them can be taken into account when predicting the level of morbidity, the dynamics of migration processes, the family well-being of the population, and others. The developed models and assessment methodology can serve as a tool to support management decision-making to ensure a high level of quality of life of the population and urban development of residential areas.

scholarly journals COVID-19 scenarios for comparing the effectiveness of age-specific vaccination regimes, exemplified for the city of Aschaffenburg (Germany)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Krebs ◽  
Holger von Jouanne-Diedrich ◽  
Michael J Moeckel
Keyword(s):  
Local Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Strong Increase ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Purpose of this report: The purpose of this rapid communication is to illustrate the effectiveness of different vaccination regimes for controlling the number of severe and critical COVID-19 cases in the city of Aschaffenburg, Germany. Our results show that, despite numerous vaccinations in the past, further vaccinations are necessary to immunize the population and to keep the number of severe and critical cases low in the coming months. Considering that not all people can or want to receive vaccination, we compare different age-specific vaccination approaches. Applied Methods: We use the agent-based epidemiological simulator Covasim for discussing the impact of different vaccination strategies. We calibrate it to reproduce the historical course of the COVID-19 pandemic in the city of Aschaffenburg, Germany; for this, we model and integrate numerous public health interventions imposed on the local population. As for some of the political actions rigorous quantification is currently not available, we fit those unknown (free) model parameters to published data on the measured epidemiological dynamics. Then we calculate the state of immunization of the population, gained through infections and vaccinations, at any time in the past, including models for time-dependent immunity decay that have been made available in Covasim. Finally, we define and compare scenar-ios of different vaccination regimes, especially with regard to vaccinating adolescents and providing booster vaccinations to the elderly. Key message: Without further vaccinations, we expect a strong increase in severe and critical cases. In order to restrict their growth our simulations suggest that in all considered cases vaccinations of unvaccinated people is more effective than booster vaccinations for already fully vaccinated people. This applies even to vaccinations of young people who are not themselves at high risk of developing severe or critical illness. We attribute this observation to the fact that immunization of adolescents indirectly protects vulnerable age groups by preventing the spread of the virus more ef-fectively than further immunizing other age groups. This indicates that with the pandemic ongoing, strategies focussed on minimizing individual health risks by vaccinations may no longer coincide with those needed to minimize the num-ber of severe and critical cases.

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