scholarly journals TO THE QUESTION OF DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF T CELL SKIN LYMPHOMAS

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 68-72
Author(s):  
Olga Yu. Olisova ◽  
D. R Amshinskaya ◽  
E. M Anpilogova
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Mycosis Fungoides ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
T Cell Lymphomas ◽  
Cutaneous Lymphomas ◽  
The World

Cutaneous T cell lymphomas (CTCL) are a clinically and morphologically heterogeneous group of cutaneous malignant tumors, caused by monoclonal proliferation of lymphoid tissue cells in the skin. They are responsible for about 80% of all primary cutaneous lymphomas, while cutaneous lymphomas are responsible for 2% of all dermatological diseases. The incidence of CTCL is now increasing all over the world. For this reason, CTCL has to be diagnosed on the early stage to improve course of the disease. Mycosis fungoides, the most frequent CTCL variant, is usually diagnosed basing on clinical, histological, immunohistochemical and molecular findings. However, it can imitate other chronic dermatoses, which makes it difficult to diagnose. The article presents a review of the current literature data on new diagnostic markers of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas.

CLINICAL, IMAGING AND PATHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF MAMMARY LYMPHOMAS SECONDARY TO MALIGNANT T- CELL CUTANEOUS LYMPHOMAS

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-54
Author(s):  
Cristian Lungulescu ◽  
Georgiana-Cristiana Camen ◽  
Raluca-Elena Nica ◽  
Viorel Biciusca ◽  
Teodor-Nicusor Sas
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Mycosis Fungoides ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Breast Lymphoma ◽  
T Cell Lymphomas ◽  
Cutaneous Lymphomas ◽  
Skin Homing ◽  
Malignant Skin ◽  
Advanced Stages

Primary cutaneous lymphomas rank as the second most common clinical form of extranodal non-Hogdkin malignant lymphomas. Among non-Hodgkin malignant skin T-cell lymphomas, Mycosis Fungoides (MF) is the most frequent clinical occurence. The MF lymphoma originates in skin-homing helper T-cells, which express the CD4 + marker, showing chronic evolution, with recurrent lesions. In advanced stages, patients with Mycosis Fungoides may experience severe/extensive skin lesions or extracutaneous localizations of the disease. The secondary breast lymphoma is more common in non-Hodgkin malignant lymphoma than in Hodgkin lymphoma. Among the mammographic characteristics of breast lymphoma we mention: oval or round tumor mass, with well-defined or indistinct margins, absence of intratumoral calcifications, presence of intramammary lymph nodes, supra-adjacent skin thickening and lymphedema that causes diffuse increase in breast density. The ultrasound features of breast lymphoma run as follows: it is oval or round in shape, with well-defined or indistinct margins, which in Doppler ultrasound are identified as hypervascularized masses. The description of the imaging features of mammary lymphomas secondary to cutaneous T-cell lymphomas is required before performing the breast core-needle biopsy.

scholarly journals Erythrodermic CD4/CD8 Double-Negative Mycosis Fungoides: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
pp. 256-261
Author(s):  
Monira Abdullah Alnasser ◽  
Nour Marwan AlKhawajah ◽  
Nada Ghazi AlQadri ◽  
Asem Mustafa Shadid ◽  
Fahad M. Alsaif
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Mycosis Fungoides ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Disorders ◽  
Cell Phenotype ◽  
Double Negative ◽  
Cutaneous T Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Cutaneous Lymphomas

Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) describes a group of lymphoproliferative disorders characterized by localization of neoplastic T lymphocytes to the skin. Mycosis fungoides (MF) represents the most common type of CTCL and accounts for ∼60% of all primary cutaneous lymphomas. Apart from the classic type of MF, many clinical and histopathologic variants have been described. The malignant lymphocytes in MF are usually CD3, CD4 and CD45RO positive and CD8 negative. An unusual immunohistochemical profile of a CD4-negative and CD8-positive mature T-cell phenotype has been reported in a minority of patients; up to 20% of early-stage MF demonstrates a CD8-positive phenotype. There are only a few cases of a double-negative CD4/CD8 MF phenotype reported in the literature. We present the case of a 60-year-old male presenting a double-negative CD4/CD8 MF phenotype.

scholarly journals Nodal Involvement by CD30+ Cutaneous Lymphoproliferative Disorders and Its Challenging Differentiation From Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma

2018 ◽  
Vol 142 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lhara Sumarriva Lezama ◽  
Dita Gratzinger
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Mycosis Fungoides ◽  
Lymph Node Involvement ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Disorders ◽  
Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Nodal Involvement ◽  
Molecular Features ◽  
T Cell Lymphomas ◽  
Cutaneous Lymphomas

Primary cutaneous lymphomas are defined as non-Hodgkin lymphomas that present in the skin with no evidence of extracutaneous disease at the time of diagnosis. Mycosis fungoides is the most common type of primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, representing almost 50% of primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas, and primary cutaneous CD30+ T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders are the second most common group (30%). Transformed mycosis fungoides is usually CD30+ and can involve multiple nodal sites; other primary cutaneous CD30+ T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders can also involve draining regional nodes. Nodal involvement by CD30+ T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders can mimic classical Hodgkin lymphoma, which can aberrantly express T-cell antigens. The aim of this article is to briefly review salient clinical, histologic, immunophenotypic, and molecular features that can be used to distinguish lymph node involvement by CD30+ cutaneous T-cell lymphomas and lymphoproliferative disorders from classical Hodgkin lymphoma, a clinically important differential diagnosis that represents a challenging task for the pathologist.

scholarly journals Morphologic Features of Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphomas Using Dermoscopy and High Frequency Ultrasound

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Iris Wohlmuth-Wieser ◽  
Joel M. Ramjist ◽  
Neil Shear ◽  
Raed Alhusayen
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Skin Thickness ◽  
High Frequency Ultrasound ◽  
T Cell Lymphomas ◽  
Standardized Parameters ◽  
Frequency Ultrasound

The diagnosis of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL) is frequently delayed by a median of three years and requires the clinical evaluation of an experienced dermatologist and a confirmatory skin biopsy. Dermoscopy and high-frequency ultrasound (HFUS) represent two non-invasive diagnostic tools. While dermoscopy is inexpensive and widely used for the diagnosis of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers, HFUS of skin lymphomas represents a novel diagnostic approach that is not yet implemented in the routine dermatologic practice. The aim of our study was to prospectively assess skin lesions of patients with either CTCL patches or plaques with dermoscopy and HFUS and to compare the findings with atopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis. Thirteen patients with an established diagnosis of CTCL, psoriasis, or AD were studied: Dermoscopy features including spermatozoa-like structures and the presence of white scales could assist in differentiating between early-stage CTCL and AD. HFUS measurements of the skin thickness indicated increased epidermal-, thickness in CTCL, and psoriasis compared with AD. Our results support the use of dermoscopy as a useful tool to diagnose CTCL. HFUS could augment the dermatologic assessment, but further studies will be needed to define standardized parameters.

scholarly journals Expression and activity of IL-17 in cutaneous T-cell lymphomas(mycosis fungoides and sezary syndrome)

2004 ◽  
Vol 112 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnaud Cirée ◽  
Laurence Michel ◽  
Sophie Camilleri-Bröet ◽  
Francette Jean Louis ◽  
Michèle Oster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Mycosis Fungoides ◽  
Sézary Syndrome ◽  
Sezary Syndrome ◽  
T Cell Lymphomas ◽  
Expression And Activity

Primary Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma: Review and Current Concepts

2000 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 2908-2925 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard S. Siegel ◽  
Tomi Pandolfino ◽  
Joan Guitart ◽  
Steven Rosen ◽  
Timothy M. Kuzel
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Gene Rearrangement ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
Cutaneous T Cell Lymphoma ◽  
T Cell Lymphomas ◽  
Skin Abnormalities ◽  
Indolent Disease

PURPOSE: Primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCLs) encompass a wide variety of lymphomas that are characterized by the localization of the malignant lymphocytes to the skin at presentation. Advances in molecular biologic techniques, including immunophenotyping and gene rearrangement studies to determine clonality, have led to more frequent diagnosis of CTCL as well as more consistent subclassification of these entities. However, there continues to be confusion in the classification, prognosis, and management of patients with CTCL. The purpose of this review is to present a summary of the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of CTCL, with specific emphasis on mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sézary syndrome (SS). We also present a detailed discussion of the entities that make up the differential diagnosis of CTCL. DESIGN: We reviewed the medical literature on CTCL and other diseases that make up the differential diagnosis of CTCL. Results and CONCLUSION: MF and SS are the most common forms of CTCL. The etiology of this disease is still unknown. Patients may go for months to years with skin abnormalities before being diagnosed. MF/SS is an indolent disease and patients with T1 disease have a normal life expectancy. Patients who undergo transformation to large-cell lymphoma (8% to 23% of patients) have a poor prognosis, with mean survival ranging from 2 to 19 months. Treatment for MF/SS continues to be palliative. There are many new therapies that are currently being investigated in clinical trials, and the DAB389IL-2 fusion protein was recently approved for the treatment of refractory MF/SS.

How I treat NK/T-cell lymphomas

Blood ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 121 (25) ◽  
pp. 4997-5005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Tse ◽  
Yok-Lam Kwong
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Nk Cell ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
T Cell Lymphomas ◽  
Ebv Dna ◽  
Nk T Cell

Abstract Natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphomas and NK-cell leukemias are aggressive malignancies. Occurring worldwide, they show a predilection for Asian and South American populations. Neoplastic cells are surface CD3−, cytoplasmic CD3ε+, CD56+, cytotoxic-molecule positive, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) positive, with germline T-cell receptor gene. Lymphomas occur commonly in the nasal and upper aerodigestive region. Occasional cases present in the skin, salivary gland, testis, and gastrointestinal tract. Rare cases are disseminated with lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, and a leukemic phase. Positron emission tomography computed tomography is useful in staging, as lymphomas are 18-fluorodeoxyglucose avid. Quantification of circulating EBV DNA is an accurate biomarker of tumor load. Nasal NK/T-cell lymphomas present mostly with stage I/II disease. Concomitant/sequential chemotherapy and radiotherapy is standard treatment. Radiotherapy alone is inadequate because of high systemic failure rate. For stage III/IV nasal, nonnasal, and disseminated lymphomas, systemic chemotherapy is indicated. Regimens containing l-asparaginase and drugs unaffected by P-glycoprotein are most effective. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is not indicated for early-stage nasal lymphomas. HSCT for lymphomas not in remission has poor results. In advanced-stage nasal, nonnasal, disseminated, or relapsed lymphomas, HSCT may be considered when remission is achieved. Prognostic modeling and EBV DNA monitoring may be useful in risk stratification for HSCT.

scholarly journals Non–Mycosis Fungoides Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphomas

2013 ◽  
Vol 139 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leticia Quintanilla-Martinez ◽  
Patty M. Jansen ◽  
Marsha C. Kinney ◽  
Steven H. Swerdlow ◽  
Rein Willemze
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Mycosis Fungoides ◽  
T Cell Lymphomas

scholarly journals The Differential Diagnosis of Hypopigmented Mycosis Fungoides and Vitiligo With Reflectance Confocal Microscopy: A Preliminary Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huaxu Liu ◽  
Leilei Wang ◽  
Yan Lin ◽  
Xiaofeng Shan ◽  
Min Gao
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Mycosis Fungoides ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Reflectance Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Dark Space ◽  
Superficial Dermis ◽  
Melanin Contents

Objective: To investigate the role of reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) in the differential diagnosis of hypopigmented mycosis fungoides (HMF) and vitiligo.Methods: Cases with persistent hypopigmented patches, suspicious of early stage vitiligo, or HMF were imaged with RCM. The melanin contents and inflammatory conditions of the epidermis and superficial dermis of the lesions were compared with the same layers of the adjacent skin, and then, the imaged lesions were biopsied and analyzed by histology.Results: 15 cases were enrolled in this study, and based on the RCM findings, there was just slight or moderate reduction of melanin but no melanin absence in the basal cell layer of HMF lesions. The finding of monomorphous weakly refractile, oval to round cells on the basis of vesicle-like dark space was clearly elucidated in the epidermis of the lesions by RCM, which indicates the Pautrier's microabscesses on histopathology. Among those 15 cases, 13 cases were identified as HMF, and the other two cases were vitiligo, based on RCM findings, which were confirmed by histology analysis.Conclusions: The RCM findings correlated well with histology results in the screening of HMF, which indicates the RCM is an important tool in the early detection and differential diagnosis of HMF.

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