scholarly journals FREQUENCY OF DETECTION OF LPS O-ANTIGENS OF DIFFERENT CAUSATIVE AGENTS IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE DIARRHEAL DISEASES

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-79
Author(s):  
O. F Belaia ◽  
O. A Paevskaya ◽  
S. N Zuevskaya ◽  
E. G Korogodskaia ◽  
K. T Umbetova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Control Group ◽  
O Antigen ◽  
Intestinal Infections ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Elevated Rate ◽  
O Antigens ◽  
Antigenic Load

The aim is to determine the frequency and dynamics of detection of specific lipopolysaccharide (LPS) O-antigens LPS/O-antigens of causative agents in hospitalized diarrhea patients. Materials and methods. A total of 146 hospitalized diarrhea patients were examined with the use of an immunological method of the reaction of coagglutination (RCA) for the presence of LPS O-antigens of Shigella, Salmonella, Yersinia and Campylobacter in feces as markers of major intestinal infections pathogens. The control group was consisted of 40 blood donors. Results. In acute diarrhea patients there was detected the predominance of Yersinia and Salmonella LPS O-antigens over Shigella and Campylobacter; the high frequency of intestinal bacterial mixt-infection in total (68%), as well as elevated rate incidence of Shigella, Salmonella, Campylobacter, Yersinia antigens in mixt-infections in comparison with those in monoinfections (24%). The total O-antigen "load" in patients with mixt-infection was 3 times higher than in patients with monoinfections; with the increasing of LPS/O-antigen "load" the rate of Salmonella inoculation declines. Conclusion. Under the same severity of the clinical course of the disease, the decline of Salmonella inoculation rate in cases of high antigenic "load" may indicate to the presence of the phenomenon of summation of toxic effects of LPS O-antigens when the concentration of each pathogen in the feces is insufficient (for inoculation) for bacteriological examination.

scholarly journals Shiga toxin in patients with HIV infection in the presence of mono- and mixed markers of intestinal infections

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
E. G Korogodskaia ◽  
K. T Umbetova ◽  
O. F Belaia ◽  
Yu. V Yudina ◽  
Yu. A Belaia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Intestinal Bacteria ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intestinal Dysbiosis ◽  
Intestinal Infections ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
O Antigens ◽  
Secondary Diseases

The goal - to study the frequency of detection and levels of Shiga toxin in the feces ofpatients with HIV infection at the stage of secondary diseases in the presence of mono and mixed O-antigens of intestinal bacteria. Materials and methods In 2012-2014 there were examined 123 patients with 4A, 4B, 4C- HIV infection, without diarrhea. The average age ofpatients accounted for 36,8 ± 7,8 years. The control group was consisted of 40 blood donors. In paired stool samples by means of the reaction of coagglutination (RCA) on slides there were tested LPS/O-antigens as markers of causal pathogens of major intestinal infections, Shiga toxin antigen and levels of IgG-immune complexes (IgG-IC in RCA on the plates) in patients with mono and mixed O-antigen in feces. Results There were established the excess of detection rate and titers of antigen Shiga toxin in stool in patients with HIV in comparison with donors, an gain of these indices in mixed infection, and a downward trend of IgG-IC levels in the feces in all cases of HIV-infection if compared with blood donors (p ≤ 0.01). Conclusion Detection of mono- and mixed-O-antigens in the feces of patients with HIV infection, an gain in titers and the frequency of the detection of Shiga toxin antigen, declined IgG-IC levels in feces indicate to pronounced intestinal dysbiosis and disturbed production of specific antibodies in patients with HIV infection at the stage of secondary diseases.

scholarly journals Diversity of LPS/O-antigens of causative agents of intestinal infections in HIV-infected patients at the stage of secondary diseases

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
E. G Korogodskaia ◽  
K. T Umbetova ◽  
O. F Belaia ◽  
A. I Mazus ◽  
Yu. V Yudina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Intestinal Infections ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
O Antigens ◽  
Toxic Load ◽  
Secondary Diseases

The goal was to establish the frequency of detection of LPS O antigens of common causative agents of intestinal infections in HIV-infected patients at the stage of secondary diseases. Materials and methods. The study included 48 HIV-infected patients at the stage 4A, 4Б, 4B (25 men and 23 women), without diarrhea, a mean age ofpatients was 36,78 ± 7,8 years. Stool samples (2-4 samples from patient in interval of 5-7 days) were studied for the presence of LPS/O-antigens of S.sonnei, S.flexneri 1-5, 6, Salmonella sgr. B, C1, C2, D, E, Y.pseudotuberculosis I, III, Y.enterocolitica 03, 09, Campylobacter (C.jejuni, C.coli, C.lari) in coagglutination. Results. It was found that HIV-infected patients at the stage of secondary diseases have relatively high presence of LPS/Oantigens of various pathogens - Shigella, Salmonella, Yersinia, in feces (72, 55%). But Campylobacter antigens were relatively rare. In stages 4A, 4Б and 4В overall detection rate of LPS/O-antigens in stool samples did not differ significantly and was 64,3%, 91,3%, 68,6%, respectively (r ≥ 0,05). Conclusion. The high content of LPS/O-antigens may increase the toxic load in patients with HIV infection, including the immune system.

scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF THE CLINICAL COURSE OF NON-ALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS AND STEATOSIS OF THE LIVER AT COMORBID WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE I-III STAGE

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
А.А. Antoniv
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Chronic Pyelonephritis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Normal Body ◽  
Kidney Pathology ◽  
Group 2

Purpose - to establish clinical peculiarities of the clinical course of the liver nonalcoholic steatosis (NALS) and steatohepatitis (NASH) at comorbidity with chronickidney disease (CKD) (chronic pyelonephritis) I-III stage.Material and methods. We have examined 444 patients: 84 patients with non-alcoholicadipose liver disease (NAALD) with obesity I degree (I group), containing 2 subgroups -32 patients with NALS and 52 patients with NASH; 270 NAALD patients with comorbidobesity I degree and CKD I-III stages (group 2), including 110 patients with NALS and160 patients with NASH. The control group consisted of 90 patients with CKD I-III stagewith normal body weight.Results. Clinical peculiarities of the liver non-alcoholic steatosis at comorbidity withCKD are a significant prevalence, in comparison with the clinical course without kidneypathology, of the frequency of manifestation of astheno-vegetative (70,9% to 40,6%),dyspeptic (33,6% to 18,8%), cholestatic (30,9% to 15,6%) syndromes, hepatomegaly(97,3% - 71,8%), predominance of steatosis II and III degree (47,2% and 31,8% to 25,0% and 15, 6% at NALS without kidney pathology). High frequency of asthenovegetative(98,1% to 61,5%) syndrome, dyspepsia (79,4% to 59,6%), discomfort in the rightsubcostal area (84,4% to 32,7%), cholestasis (37,5% to 17,3%), hepatomegaly (100,0%to 86,5%), prevalence of steatosis II and III degree (58,1% and 26,3% to 32,7% and11,5% at NASH without kidney pathology) is peculiar for non-alcoholic steatohepatitisclinical course at comorbidity with CKD as compared to the course without kidneypathology.Conclusions. Thus, the clinical course of nonalcoholic steatosis and steatohepatitis atcomorbidity with obesity and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by higherfrequency and intensity of the clinical and biochemical syndromes.

Fungus Spaeropsis Malorum peck. One of the currant stalk drying agents

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 172-178
Author(s):  
S. E. Golovin
Keyword(s):  
Causative Agent ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Ribes Nigrum ◽  
Black Currant ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Pear Trees ◽  
Red Currant

The article highlights the results of research carried out in 2019-2020 to study the reasons for the drying out of the stems of black currant (Ribes nigrum L.), red currant (Ribes rubrum L.) and golden currant (Ribes aureum L.). As a result of research, the fungus Sphaeropsis malorum Peck. in the first in Russia it was revealed from the drying stems of three types of black currants, red currants and golden currants. This  pathogen inhabited currant stems together with fungi from the genus Cytospora spp., causative agents of stem drying. On red currants, it was established that S. malorum was the main causative agent of branch drying, as indicated by the high frequency of occurrence (75.0-83.3 %) of this fungus on the affected stems, compared with species from the genus Cytospora spp. (16.7-33.3 %) and Phomopsis ribesia (25.0 %). Due to the fact that the cultivation of currants in the immediate vicinity of apple and pear trees leads to infection of plants with the fungus S. malorum, it is necessary to avoid planting currants in the vicinity of fruit-bearing seed gardens.

scholarly journals Alternative lengthening of telomeres in childhood neuroblastoma from genome to proteome

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine A. Hartlieb ◽  
Lina Sieverling ◽  
Michal Nadler-Holly ◽  
Matthias Ziehm ◽  
Umut H. Toprak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Telomeric Repeat ◽  
Telomere Maintenance ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Alternative Lengthening Of Telomeres ◽  
Course Of Disease ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Alternative Lengthening

AbstractTelomere maintenance by telomerase activation or alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) is a major determinant of poor outcome in neuroblastoma. Here, we screen for ALT in primary and relapsed neuroblastomas (n = 760) and characterize its features using multi-omics profiling. ALT-positive tumors are molecularly distinct from other neuroblastoma subtypes and enriched in a population-based clinical sequencing study cohort for relapsed cases. They display reduced ATRX/DAXX complex abundance, due to either ATRX mutations (55%) or low protein expression. The heterochromatic histone mark H3K9me3 recognized by ATRX is enriched at the telomeres of ALT-positive tumors. Notably, we find a high frequency of telomeric repeat loci with a neuroblastoma ALT-specific hotspot on chr1q42.2 and loss of the adjacent chromosomal segment forming a neo-telomere. ALT-positive neuroblastomas proliferate slowly, which is reflected by a protracted clinical course of disease. Nevertheless, children with an ALT-positive neuroblastoma have dismal outcome.

scholarly journals Recombinant Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara (MVA) Vaccines Efficiently Protect Cockatiels Against Parrot Bornavirus Infection and Proventricular Dilatation Disease

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabell Rall ◽  
Ralf Amann ◽  
Sara Malberg ◽  
Christiane Herden ◽  
Dennis Rubbenstroth
Keyword(s):  
Vaccinia Virus ◽  
Challenge Infection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Viral Loads ◽  
Breeding Populations ◽  
Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara ◽  
Associated Lesions ◽  
Unvaccinated Control ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Proventricular Dilatation Disease

Parrot bornaviruses (PaBVs) are the causative agents of proventricular dilatation disease (PDD), a chronic and often fatal neurologic disorder in Psittaciformes. The disease is widely distributed in private parrot collections and threatens breeding populations of endangered species. Thus, immunoprophylaxis strategies are urgently needed. In previous studies we demonstrated a prime-boost vaccination regime using modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) constructs expressing the nucleoprotein and phosphoprotein of PaBV-4 (MVA/PaBV-4 and NDV/PaBV-4, respectively) to protect cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus) against experimental challenge infection. Here we investigated the protective effect provided by repeated immunization with either MVA/PaBV-4, NDV/PaBV-4 or Orf virus constructs (ORFV/PaBV-4) individually. While MVA/PaBV-4-vaccinated cockatiels were completely protected against subsequent PaBV-2 challenge infection and PDD-associated lesions, the course of the challenge infection in NDV/PaBV-4- or ORFV/PaBV-4-vaccinated birds did not differ from the unvaccinated control group. We further investigated the effect of vaccination on persistently PaBV-4-infected cockatiels. Remarkably, subsequent immunization with MVA/PaBV-4 and NDV/PaBV-4 neither induced obvious immunopathogenesis exacerbating the disease nor reduced viral loads in the infected birds. In summary, we demonstrated that vaccination with MVA/PaBV-4 alone is sufficient to efficiently prevent PaBV-2 challenge infection in cockatiels, providing a suitable vaccine candidate against avian bornavirus infection and bornavirus-induced PDD.

Cardiovascular risk in 159 934 frequent blood donors while addressing the healthy donor effect

Heart ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 105 (16) ◽  
pp. 1260-1265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karlijn Peffer ◽  
Martin den Heijer ◽  
Wim L A M de Kort ◽  
André L M Verbeek ◽  
Femke Atsma
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Healthy Donor ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Dutch Hospital

ObjectiveTo investigate whether regular blood donation decreases cardiovascular risk.MethodsAll 159 934 Dutch whole-blood donors with an active donation career of at least 10 years were categorised into sex-specific donation tertiles based on the number of donations during this 10-year qualification period. Cardiovascular endpoints were based on hospital discharge diagnoses and death certificates from Dutch Hospital Data and Statistics Netherlands and occurring after the 10-year qualification period. Cox regression was used to estimate the age-adjusted and starting year-adjusted hazard rate ratio (HRR).ResultsFemale high-frequency blood donors had a reduced cardiovascular morbidity (HRR=0.91, 95% CI 0.85 to 0.98) compared with low-frequency blood donors. No effect was observed in men (HRR=1.00, 95% CI 0.95 to 1.05). To rule out a residual healthy donor effect (HDE), additional sensitivity analyses using a 5-year qualification period were conducted. The results supported the absence of a residual HDE.ConclusionsThis study showed a protective effect of long-term, high-frequency blood donation against cardiovascular disease. This effect was only observed in women and not in men.

scholarly journals Molecular Modeling of the Shigella flexneri Serogroup 3 and 5 O-Antigens and Conformational Relationships for a Vaccine Containing Serotypes 2a and 3a

Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 643
Author(s):  
Jason Hlozek ◽  
Sara Owen ◽  
Neil Ravenscroft ◽  
Michelle M. Kuttel
Keyword(s):  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Shigella Flexneri ◽  
Quadrivalent Vaccine ◽  
Slight Effect ◽  
Work Support ◽  
O Antigen ◽  
The Common ◽  
O Antigens ◽  
Chain Conformations ◽  
Shared Epitopes

The pathogenic bacterium Shigella flexneri is a leading global cause of diarrheal disease. The O-antigen is the primary vaccine target and distinguishes the 30 serotypes reported. Except for serotype 6, all S. flexneri serotypes have a common backbone repeating unit (serotype Y), with variations in substitution creating the various serotypes. A quadrivalent vaccine containing serotypes 2a and 3a (as well as 6 and Shigella sonnei) is proposed to provide broad protection against non-vaccine S. flexneri serotypes through shared epitopes and conformations. Here we model the O-antigen (O-Ag) conformations of serogroups 3 and 5: a continuation of our ongoing systematic study of the S. flexneri O-antigens that began with serogroup 2. Our simulations show that S. flexneri serogroups 2, 3, and 5 all have flexible O-Ags, with substitutions of the backbone altering the chain conformations in different ways. Our analysis suggests three general heuristics for the effects of substitution on the Shigella O-Ag conformations: (1) substitution on rhamnose C reduces the extension of the O-Ag chain; (2) substitution at O-3 of rhamnose A restricts the O-Ags to predominantly helical conformations, (3) substitution at O-3 of rhamnose B has only a slight effect on conformation. The common O-Ag conformations across serotypes identified in this work support the assumption that a quadrivalent vaccine containing serotypes 2a and 3a could provide coverage against S. flexneri serotype 3b and serogroup 5.

HLA Antigens in Spanish Patients with Essential Hypertension

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (s7) ◽  
pp. 367s-368s ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Fernandez-Cruz ◽  
M. Luque Otero ◽  
L. Llorente Perez ◽  
C. Fernandez Pinilla ◽  
N. Martell Claros
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Hla Antigens ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
Diabetic Population ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension

1. Human leucocyte AB antigens were determined by means of a lymphocyte toxicity test in 84 patients with essential hypertension and in 1000 blood donors. 2. The prevalence of HLA B8 was 16.4% in hypertensive patients and 8.9% in controls (P = 0.07). 3. The prevalence of HLA B12 was 34.5% in hypertensive patients and 26.9% in the control group (N.S.). In WHO stage III hypertension HLA B12 was found in six out of 10 patients. 4. The prevalence of HLA B15 was 1.2% in hypertensive patients and 6.4% in controls (P < 0.05). 5. In view of a previous report of HLA antigens in a Spanish diabetic population, this study does not support the suggestion of a genetic and possibly HLA-linked connection between essential hypertension and diabetes mellitus among the Spanish population. 6. A positive family history of hypertension tended to be more common in those patients with essential hypertension associated with HLA B8.

scholarly journals Effect of Acupuncture on Heart Rate Variability: A Systematic Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne W. Y. Chung ◽  
Vincent C. M. Yan ◽  
Hongwei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Keyword Search ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Control Group

Aim.To summarize all relevant trials and critically evaluate the effect of acupuncture on heart rate variability (HRV).Method.This was a systematic review with meta-analysis. Keyword search was conducted in 7 databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Data extraction and risk of bias were done.Results.Fourteen included studies showed a decreasing effect of acupuncture on low frequency (LF) and low frequency to high frequency ratio (LF/HF ratio) of HRV for nonhealthy subjects and on normalized low frequency (LF norm) for healthy subjects. The overall effect was in favour of the sham/control group for high frequency (HF) in nonhealthy subjects and for normalized high frequency (HF norm) in healthy subjects. Significant decreasing effect on HF and LF/HF ratio of HRV when acupuncture was performed on ST36 among healthy subjects and PC6 among both healthy and nonhealthy subjects, respectively.Discussion.This study partially supports the possible effect of acupuncture in modulating the LF of HRV in both healthy and nonhealthy subjects, while previous review reported that acupuncture did not have any convincing effect on HRV in healthy subjects. More published work is needed in this area to determine if HRV can be an indicator of the therapeutic effect of acupuncture.

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