scholarly journals To the anatomy and treatment of ectopic pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 928-943
Author(s):  
V. O. Maslovsky
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Characteristic Feature ◽  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Cell Layer ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Muscle Membrane ◽  
Pregnant Uterus ◽  
Connective Tissue Membrane ◽  
Cellular Layer

Regarding the vessels, my research yielded results similar to those obtained by other researchers. The vessels of the cellular layer are of particular interest, in particular those of them that, having a large caliber, have only an endothelial membrane (capillaries) or even lack any membrane (Blutlacnnen ѵ. Tussenbroek). The opinions of the authors differ as to the origin of these vessels from arteries or veins, due to the loss of the membranes and their expansion. Dobbert recognizes their origin in arteries, similar to the pregnant uterus and tube. Tussenbroek found that the arteries in the decidua retained their structure, and their branches, without loss of muscle membrane and expansion, came close to the surface. Therefore, she considers the veins to be the source of these vessels. As for my case, I found in the cell layer, in addition to capillaries and blood cavities without a trace of membranes, also branches of arteries with an extremely thin connective tissue membrane, which was especially striking when compared with the membranes of the arteries of the glandular layer. Therefore, I am inclined to recognize the origin of these blood vessels from the branches of the arteries, due to the loss of the membranes and their successive expansion. Thus, we find here a process analogous to that which occurs in decidua serotina during normal pregnancy, as proven by Waldeyer's work, Bohr's, Hofteier's, Gottschalk's and others. The presence of such blood cavities, devoid of their own wall, is the second characteristic feature of deciduae uteriuae during ectopic pregnancy.

scholarly journals The Ultrastructure of the Perineurium in two Insect Species, Carausius Morosus and Periplaneta Americana

1967 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-128
Author(s):  
S. H. P. MADDRELL ◽  
J. E. TREHERNE
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Periplaneta Americana ◽  
Fluid Transport ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Carausius Morosus ◽  
Insect Central Nervous System ◽  
Connective Tissue Sheath ◽  
Extracellular Sodium ◽  
Perineurial Cells ◽  
Cellular Layer

The organization of the perineurium in two insect species (Carausius morosus and Periplaneta americana) has been examined with the electron microscope. In both species this cellular layer has been found to possess an extensive system of tortuous channels between the lateral cell walls. These channels are open at the outer margin adjacent to the fibrous connective-tissue sheath, but appear to be closed at the inner margin by regions of septate desmosomes and/or ‘tight’ junctions. There is an increased surface area at the inner margin of the perineurial cells produced by the presence of long inwardly directed flanges. An electron-dense coat has also been identified on the cytoplasmic side of the type II perineurial cell membranes at points of contact with the underlying extracellular system and at the outer surface adjacent to the connective-tissue sheath. This organization of the perineurium is strikingly similar to that observed in a variety of fluid-secreting epithelia and its possible function in fluid transport is discussed in relation to the available evidence on the physiology of the insect central nervous system. It is suggested, contrary to some earlier suppositions, that the perineurium may not be primarily involved in the control of the extracellular sodium level and that this regulation may be effected at a deeper level in the central nervous tissues.

scholarly journals On the issue of bleeding into the cavity of the ovarian dermoid during uterine pregnancy, simulating rupture of the fetuses in the ovary during ectopic pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 603-615
Author(s):  
A. A. Muratov
Keyword(s):  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Ovarian Tumors

Tumors of the ovaries in general and dermoids in particular do not particularly complicate a normal pregnancy, causing the last more or less inconvenience.All ovarian tumors, with the exception of dermoid tumors, differing in relatively large sizes, generally speaking and with the exception of very bulky tumors, lessen the development of pregnancy and especially the course of labor, since these tumors have a tendency to grow upward into the abdominal cavity, thus being removed from small pelvis.

scholarly journals Enamel Matrix Derivative in Diffusion Chamber Implanted Subcutaneously in Rat Induces Formation of Fibrous Connective Tissue Containing Abundant Blood Vessels

In Vivo ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 313-317
Author(s):  
SATOSHI YOKOSE ◽  
YUKA KATO ◽  
KATSUTOSHI MATSUMOTO ◽  
PERRY R. KLOKKEVOLD ◽  
HENRY H. TAKEI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Diffusion Chamber ◽  
Enamel Matrix Derivative ◽  
Fibrous Connective Tissue ◽  
Enamel Matrix ◽  
Matrix Derivative

scholarly journals Morphofunctional and immunohistochemical characteristics of the large omentum in ovarian cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 64-71
Author(s):  
N. N. Shevlyuk ◽  
L. V. Khalikova ◽  
A. A. Khalikov
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
P53 Protein ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
The Body ◽  
Great Omentum ◽  
Low Grade

The aim of the study was to establish morphofunctional and immunohistochemical characteristics of large omentum in women with ovarian cancer.Material and methods. The large omenta of 48 women with ovarian cancer (low-grade differentiated seropapillary adenocarcinoma of high-grade malignancy) of II stage (n=20) and III stage (n=28) were studied. Histological sections were stained with overview histological and immunohistochemical methods (to reveal ki67, P53, CD34, CD7, CD4, CD8, CD61 proteins expression). Results. In patients, the size of the large omentum was characterized by high individual variability; in the presence of metastasis, the size of the omentum was reduced. Intensive development of blood vessels in the organ was noted, but in the presence of metastases stasis of blood corpuscles, leucocytic infiltration, and moderate edema of connective tissue were observed in the organ’s vessels. Areas of lymphoid tissue, both small lymphatic follicles and diffusely located lymphoid tissue, were revealed in the omentum. In most follicles, reactive centers were not marked, and the number of follicles was reduced in the presence of metastases in the omentum. The analysis of CD34+ cells distribution showed that they were identified both in the tumor and in the areas of the omentum adjacent to the tumor, which indicates a pronounced angiogenesis. An irregular distribution of CD7+ and CD8+ and CD4+ cells was revealed in the tumor tissues, as well as in the surroundings. Simultaneously with the expression of P53 protein, ki67 protein expression is revealed in the significant number of tumor cells (including endothelial cells of tumor blood vessels). The proportion of ki67+ cells in the tumor cell population was 60.1±3.3%. The presence of a large number of ki67+cells in the presence of P53 protein expression in them indicates the aggressiveness of the tumor, as well as a disturbance of apoptosis regulatory mechanisms in the cells. Ki67 expression was low in the omentum areas unaffected by metastases, and it was revealed in the certain areas of connective tissue in fibroblastic programmed differentiation cells. Conclusion. The results obtained indicate significant plasticity and reactivity of great omentum in the presence of tumor process in the body and confirm the important role of great omentum in protective reactions.

scholarly journals FACTORS INFLUENCING THE INTERMITTENT PASSAGE OF LOCKE'S SOLUTION INTO LIVING SKIN

1941 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip D. McMaster
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Interstitial Fluid ◽  
Lymphatic Vessels ◽  
Intermittent Flow ◽  
Venous Obstruction ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Interstitial Connective Tissue ◽  
Living Mouse

Minute amounts of Locke's or Tyrode's solution have been brought into contact with the interstitial connective tissue of the skin of the living mouse, at atmospheric pressure, in such a manner that the blood or lymphatic vessels are not entered directly. Under such circumstances these absorbable fluids enter the tissue spontaneously. Entrance is strikingly intermittent, not continuous, and so too when very slight pressures are brought to bear on the fluids (1). Hyperemia of the tissues, with accompanying dilatation of the blood vessels, increases the entrance of fluids at atmospheric pressure but it is still intermittent. By contrast, venous obstruction leads to intermittent backflow into the apparatus, but reflex hyperemia, following release of the obstruction, is attended by an increase of flow into the tissues in spite of the great reactive dilatation of vessels. The inflow is also intermittent. If the skin is deprived of circulation, fluid does not enter it at all at atmospheric pressure, though it moves in regularly and continuously if slight pressure is put upon it. Edema-forming fluids, described in the text, also enter in a continuous manner when forced into the skin of either living or dead animals. So too do serum and sperm oil. The findings indicate that the passage of interstitial fluid into the blood vessels may be intermittent under normal circumstances and its escape from them as well. The observed occurrence of intermittent flow in the blood vessels of several tissues (9, 15–25) will go far to account for the intermittent entrance of fluid into the skin.

Cell membrane-associated proteoglycans mediate extramedullar myeloid proliferation in granulomatous inflammatory reactions to schistosome eggs

1993 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 477-484
Author(s):  
M. Alvarez-Silva ◽  
L.C. da Silva ◽  
R. Borojevic
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Endogenous Growth ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cell Layer ◽  
Heparan Sulphate ◽  
Myeloid Cells ◽  
Myeloid Cell ◽  
Gm Csf

In chronic murine schistosomiasis, extramedullar myelopoiesis was observed, with proliferation of myeloid cells in liver parenchyma and in periovular granulomas. We have studied the question of whether cells obtained from granulomatous connective tissue may act as myelopoietic stroma, supporting long-term myeloid proliferation. Primary cell lines (GR) were obtained in vitro from periovular granulomas, induced in mouse livers by Schistosoma mansoni infection. These cells were characterized as myofibroblasts, and represent liver connective tissue cells involved in fibro-granulomatous reactions. They were able to sustain survival and proliferation of the multipotent myeloid cell lines FDC-P1 and DA-1 (dependent on interleukin-3 and/or granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor, GM-CSF) without the addition of exogenous growth factors. This stimulation was dependent upon myeloid cell attachment to the GR cell layer; GR cell-conditioned medium had no activity. Primary murine skin fibroblasts could not sustain myelopoiesis. The endogenous growth-factor was identified as GM-CSF by neutralization assays with monoclonal antibodies. The stimulation of myelopoiesis occurred also when GR cells had been fixed with glutardialdehyde. The observed stimulatory activity was dependent upon heparan sulphate proteoglycans (HSPGs) associated with GR cell membranes. It could be dislodged from the cell layer with heparin or a high salt buffer. Our results indicate a molecular interaction between endogenous growth-factor and HSPGs; this interaction may be responsible for the stabilization and presentation of growth factors in myelopoietic stromas, mediating extramedullar proliferation of myeloid cells in periovular granulomas.

On the Pituitary of the Perch (Peroa Fluviatilis)

1942 ◽  
Vol s2-83 (331) ◽  
pp. 299-316
Author(s):  
T. KERR
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Perca Fluviatilis ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Anterior Lobe ◽  
Intermediate Lobe ◽  
General Description ◽  
Perch Perca Fluviatilis ◽  
Higher Types ◽  
Different Cell Types

1. A general description is given of the pituitary of the perch (Perca fluviatilis L.), and histological details of its various parts. The subdivisions of the glandular component are confluent with each other but distinguished by their different cell types. The nervous lobe makes contact with all three of the subdivisions, but is separated from them by a layer of connective tissue, incomplete in particular areas. 2. The anterior glandular region (anterior lobe) has an anterior chromophil and a posterior chromophobe zone. The middle glandular region (transitional lobe) possesses brightly staining acidophils and basophils as well as chromophobes. The acidophils form a dorsal sheet, deeply indented by processes of the nervous lobe, the basophils lie ventrally and posteriorly, and chromophobes are common towards the extremities of the indentations. The posterior glandular region (intermediate lobe) is elaborately penetrated by nervous lobe processes; the cells are small and consist of amphiphils, dull basophils, and occasional dull acidophils. The possible homologies of these regions to the lobes of higher types are discussed. The nervous lobe is of loose glial tissue with many nuclei and blood vessels and some reticular and collagenous fibres. 3. Strongly acidophil spheres of various sizes and in various numbers occur in the middle glandular region. They originate in ‘sphere cells’ resembling eosinophil leucocytes and after enlarging become free in the tissues of the region. Later they appear to pass into the posterior processes of the nervous lobe to be the larger bodies of the Herring material. Finally these larger elements appear to break down to form a fine granulation, whose further fate could not be followed.

The Connective Tissue Sheath of the Locust Nervous System: A Histochemical Study

1959 ◽  
Vol s3-100 (51) ◽  
pp. 401-412
Author(s):  
DOREEN E. ASHHURST
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Collagen Type ◽  
Histochemical Study ◽  
Locusta Migratoria ◽  
System A ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Connective Tissue Sheath ◽  
Cellular Layer ◽  
Sheath Cells

The connective tissue sheath surrounding the nervous system of Locusta migratoria has been studied histochemically. It consists of an outer non-cellular layer, the neural lamella, and an inner layer of cells, the sheath-cells. The neural lamella has been identified as being composed of a collagen-type protein and neutral mucopolysaccharide on the evidence of its histochemical reactions and the identification of hydroxyproline by paper chromatography in a hydrolysate of the neural lamella. The sheath-cells possess large numbers of lipochondria composed of phospholipids and cerebrosides, and small spherical mitochondria. The cytoplasm also contains lipids (some of which may be cerebrosides), glycogen, and RNA.

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