scholarly journals Dental status of patients with mental disorders

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 434-438
Author(s):  
M A Rasulova ◽  
R M Mamedov
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Dental Status ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Deep Bite ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Periodontal Index ◽  
Community Periodontal Index

Aim. Assessment of the dental status of patients with mental disorders. Methods. Examination of 220 mentally ill and 208 practically healthy individuals was carried out using DCF (decay/missing/filled) and CPITN (Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs) indices to determine the prevalence and intensity of caries, periodontal disease, and to identify the need for complex dental care. The group were comparable by the age: 35.2±0.39 и 34.3±0.40 years (р=0.115). The functional state of the salivary glands and mouth fluid was studied. Psychoemotional status was determined before starting the treatment by the clinical psychological method using Spielberger-Khanin scale of reactive and personal anxiety levels. Results. In the study group, the number of patients in whom various forms of caries were detected was 100%, while in the group of mentally healthy subjects the number of such patients was 91.8±1.90% (p=0.001). Due to the high values of intensity of carious disease, especially in terms of the number of teeth extracted, the need of the mentally ill for dentures was recorded to be quite high. The highest intensity of the dental calculi and deep pathological periodontal pockets was found in the study group. Peaks of reduced salivation were more commonly diagnosed in patients with mental illness. Assessing the frequency of occurrence of dentoalveolar anomalies, deep bite and progeny in both groups had the highest ratio relative to other types of anomalies but in the study group, the frequency of cross bite was higher (p=0.015). The rate of reactive anxiety in the course of dental interventions in the study group was 50.1±0.72% versus 31.6±0.57 in the control group (p

scholarly journals Case-control study of oral disease indexes in individuals with head and neck cancer after antineoplastic therapy

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reyna Aguilar Quispe ◽  
Adrielle Lindolpho Cremonesi ◽  
Jeanne Kelly Gonçalves ◽  
Cassia Maria Fischer Rubira ◽  
Paulo Sérgio da Silva Santos
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Periodontal Index ◽  
Community Periodontal Index ◽  
History Of ◽  
Antineoplastic Treatment

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the oral health of patients with head and neck cancer after antineoplastic treatment, and to compare them with patients with no history of cancer. Methods A total of 75 patients, divided into Study Group, composed of individuals after antineoplastic treatment (n=30), and Control Group, with individuals with no history of cancer (n=45), aged 37 to 79 years. The oral health status was evaluated through the index of decayed, missing or filled permanent teeth (DMFT), community periodontal index and evaluation of the use and need of prosthesis. All of these items were evaluated according to the criteria recommended by the World Health Organization. The statistical analysis was descriptive and used the Pearson’s χ2 test. Results The community periodontal index was higher in the Study Group when compared to the Control Group (p<0.0001). The need for an upper (p<0.001) and lower (p<0.0001) prostheses was higher in the Study Group. Also, the use of upper prosthesis was higher in the Study Group (p<0.002). The missing or filled permanent teeth index between the two groups (p>0.0506) and the use of lower prosthesis (p>0.214) did not present a relevant statistical difference. Conclusion Periodontal disease and edentulism are the most significant changes in individuals who received antineoplastic therapy for head and neck cancer as well as greater need for oral rehabilitation.

scholarly journals Efficacy of hyaluronic acid in the treatment of chronic gingivitis in children

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (12) ◽  
pp. 1021-1025
Author(s):  
Marija Igic ◽  
Dragan Mihailovic ◽  
Ljiljana Kesic ◽  
Mirjana Apostolovic ◽  
Ljiljana Kostadinovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Periodontal Index ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Community Periodontal Index ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Basic Treatment

Introduction/Aim. Gingivitis is a common occurrence in children and may well be thought as a risk factor for the appearance and progression of the diseases of parodontal tissues. It is thus necessary to react in a timely and adequate fashion to prevent the disease to become serious and produce parodontopathy. The aim of the study was to establish the efficacy of hyaluronic acid in the treatment of chronic gingivitis in children. Methods. The study enrolled 130 children with permanent dentition. All of the examinees were divided into three groups: group I - 50 patients with chronic gingivitis in which only the basic treatment was applied; group II - 50 patients with chronic gingivitis in which hyaluronic acid was applied in addition to basic treatment; group III - 30 examinees with healthy gingiva (control group). Assessment of oral hygiene and status of the gingiva and parodontium was done using the appropriate indexes before and after the treatment. Inflammation of the gingiva was monitored by way of cytomorphometric studies. Results. The pretreatment values of the plaque index (PI) were high: in the group I PI was 1.94; in the group II PI was 1.68. After the treatment, the PI value was reduced to null in both groups (PI = 0). In the group III PI was 0.17. The bleeding index (BI) in the group I was 2.02 before and 0.32 after the treatment; the BI value in the group II was 1.74 before and 0.16 after the treatment. In the group III BI was 0. In the group I, the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) was 1.66 before and 0.32 after the treatment; in the group II, the CPITN value was 1.5 before and 0.24 after the treatment. In the group III, the CPITN value was 0. In the group I, the size of the nuclei of the stratified squamous epithelium of the gingiva was reduced, although not so much as the nuclear size in the group II of examinees. Conclusion. Basic treatment is able to successfully treat chronic gingivitis in children. The use of hyaluronic acid together with the basic treatment can markedly improve the treatment effect.

scholarly journals Assessment of periodontal health among the inpatients with schizophrenia

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (11) ◽  
pp. 1139-1146
Author(s):  
Vladan Djordjevic ◽  
Mila Jovanovic ◽  
Vesna Stefanovic ◽  
Natasa Nikolic-Jakoba ◽  
Gorica Djokic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatients ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Periodontal Index

Background/Aim. Many studies on oral health of psychiatric inpatients reported schizophrenia as the most common psychiatric disorder among their sample population. The available evidence suggests the higher prevalence and severity of periodontal disease among the psychiatric inpatients. The aim of this study was to evaluate periodontal health among the inpatients with schizophrenia and to consider possible risk factors for their current periodontal diseases. Methods. This cross-sectional study comprised 190 inpatients with schizophrenia at the Clinic for Psychiatric Disorders ?Dr Laza Lazarevic? in Belgrade, and 190 mentally healthy patients at the Clinic for Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University in Belgrade. The Community Periodontal Index for Treatment Needs (CPITN) and sociodemographic characteristics were registered in both groups as well as the characteristics of the primary disease among the inpatients with schizophrenia. Results. The patients in the study group had significantly higher scores of the CPITN (2.24 ? 0.98) than the patients in the control group (1.21 ? 1.10). Most of the patients in the study group had supra- , or subgingival calculi (46.8%), in contrast to the control group patients, who had in most cases gingival bleeding (45.8%). The periodontal pockets where detected in 35.8% of schizophrenic inpatients. The linear regression analysis showed that the gender and age were statistically significant predictors of the CPITN value among the inpatients with schizophrenia. Conclusion. The results of this study generally indicate the need for continuous research of psychiatric patients? oral health, in order to determine the modes of its improvement. Similar studies should elucidate significance of psychiatric patients? periodontal health and sensitize psychiatrists and psychiatric nurses to the oral problems of their patients.

scholarly journals Assessment of Periodontal Tissue Status in Patients with Generalized Periodontitis and Essential Hypertension

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
T I Vicharenko ◽  
M. M. Rozhko
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Periodontal Tissue ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Periodontal Index ◽  
Community Periodontal Index

Vascular disorders play a significant role in the development of dystrophic inflammatory process. There is a direct correlation between the degree of damage to blood vessels in the jaw and a depth of the destructive process in periodontal tissue. A certain role is played by endogenous factors, such as: age, vitamin deficiency, diabetes mellitus, essential hypertension and others. Clinical and epidemiological studies using pathological techniques showed significant changes in vascular wall of the artery in the periodontium, the interdental artery in particular.  Atherosclerosis, essential hypertension and periodontal pathology were proven to occur in individuals older than 40 years.The objective of the research was to determine periodontal tissue status in patients with stage II hypertension and generalized periodontitis of II degree of severity.Materials and methods. The study involved 36 patients with stage II hypertension and generalized periodontitis of II degree of severity (the main group). The patients’ age ranged from 35 to 54 years. The control group included 10 patients of corresponding age without generalized periodontitis and somatic pathology. To assess the status of periodontal tissues, we applied the Papillary-Marginal-Attached Index and the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs. When diagnosing periodontal disease, the classification of M.F. Danilevskyi was used.Results. The analysis of the indicators of the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs index showed the following results: in patients of the main group, the index was 2.38±0.07 points (p<0.001) pointing out a need for a course of professional oral hygiene. In patients of the control group, the index was 0.5±0.17 points indicating that there was no need for treatment, however, there was a need for improving oral hygiene. The indicators of the Papillary-Marginal-Attached Index in the main group were 55.49±1.96 points pointing out a severe degree of gingivitis.Conclusions. According to the analysis of the indicators of the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs index (2.38±0.07), the patients of the main group had low hygiene level requiring a course of professional oral hygiene.

scholarly journals Effect of intravenous oxycodone on the physiologic responses to extubation following general anesthesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Menglu Jiang ◽  
Jiawei Ji ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
Zhenqing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Clinical Trial Registry ◽  
Blood Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Blood Hormones

Abstract Background Endotracheal intubation and extubation may cause undesirable hemodynamic changes. Intravenous oxycodone has recently been introduced and used for relieving hemodynamic alterations in response to intubation, but there is insufficient information regarding its application in stabilizing hemodynamics during extubation in the patients emerging from general anesthesia. Methods One hundred patients, who had undergone assorted laparoscopic surgeries under general anesthesia, were randomly assigned to Control group (saline injection, 50 cases) and Study group (intravenous injection of 0.08 mg/kg oxycodone immediately after completion of the surgical procedure, 50 cases). Blood pressure, heart rate, blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) as well as blood concentrations of epinephrine, norepinephrine, and cortisol were recorded or measured immediately before extubation (T0), during extubation (T1), as well as one minute (T2), 5 min (T3), and 10 min after extubation (T4). In addition, coughing and restlessness, time of eye-opening, and duration from completing surgery to extubation as well as Ramsay Sedation Scale were analyzed. Results Blood pressure and heart rate as well as blood concentrations of epinephrine, norepinephrine, and cortisol were significantly higher in the Control group compared with the Study group at the time of extubation as well as 1, 5, and 10 min after extubation (P < 0.05). When the patients emerged from general anesthesia, 70 % of the Control group had cough, which was significantly higher than that of Study group (40 %, P < 0.05). Significantly higher number of patients manifested restlessness in the Control group before (40 %) and after extubation (20 %) compared with that in the Study group (20 and 2 %, respectively, P < 0.05). In addition, patients of Control group had lower Ramsay score at extubation (1.7 ± 0.7) as well as 30 min after extubation (2.4 ± 0.9) compared to that of the patients of Study group (2.2 ± 0.9, and 3.0 ± 0.8, respectively, P = 0.003 and 0.001). Conclusions Intravenous oxycodone attenuated alterations of hemodynamics and blood hormones associated with extubation during emergence from general anesthesia. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR2000040370 (registration date: 11-28-2020) “‘retrospectively registered”.

An assessment of the validity of the WHO periodontal probe for use with the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs

BDJ ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 165 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
M A Wilson ◽  
V Clerehugh ◽  
M A Lennon ◽  
H V Worthington
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Periodontal Index ◽  
Community Periodontal Index

scholarly journals Oral Hygiene Status, Periodontal Status, and Periodontal Treatment Needs among Institutionalized Intellectually Disabled Subjects in Kolhapur District, Maharashtra, India

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilima S. Kadam ◽  
Rahul Patil ◽  
Abhijit N. Gurav ◽  
Yojana Patil ◽  
Abhijeet Shete ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Periodontal Treatment ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stepwise Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Periodontal Status ◽  
Periodontal Index ◽  
Community Periodontal Index

The aim of the study was to determine influence of intellectually disability (ID) on oral hygiene status (OHS), periodontal status (PS), and periodontal treatment needs (PTNs) and investigate the association of these clinical parameters with various sociodemographic and clinical variables among multicentric institutionalized ID subjects aged 5–55 years in Kolhapur district, Maharashtra, India. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted by both questionnaire and clinical examination. OHS, PS, and PTNs of these subjects were assessed by recording Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S) and Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs, respectively. Analysis of variance and multiple logistic and stepwise linear regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. Of the 576 subjects examined, the mean age of the subjects was 17.50 ± 7.4 years. Subjects with profound level of ID had the highest mean OHI-S, PS, and PTNs scores of 4.47 ± 1.04, 2.84 ± 0.78, and 2.25 ± 0.44, respectively, as compared with other ID groups (P<0.0001). The present study signified that ID subjects had poor OHS and PS with the highest PTNs and were influenced by age (P<0.0001), degree of ID (P<0.0001), SES, location, institution type, and parent’s level education. The present study underlines a considerable need for prevention and treatment of periodontal disease among ID subjects in India.

Psychiatric Consultations with Depressed Medical Inpatients: A Randomized Controlled Cost-Effectiveness Study

1989 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michiel W. Hengeveld ◽  
Frans A. J. M. Ancion ◽  
Harry G. M. Rooijmans
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Effectiveness Study ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Consult Group ◽  
Medical Inpatients ◽  
Cost Effectiveness Study

Nonspecific, supportive psychiatric consultations were performed with a random sample of thirty-three general medical inpatients scoring thirteen or more on the Beck Depression Inventory. The control group consisted of thirty-five patients, matched for sex, marital status, somatic history, and seriousness of illness. The number of patients receiving no analgesic and/or psychotropic medication in the consult group (39%) was significantly greater than that in the control group (17%). When compared with their mean BDI score on admission, the BDI score just before discharge had decreased significantly in the consult group (from 20 to 13), but not in the control group (from 19 to 16). Probably because the patient sample was too heterogeneous, with too low a prevalence of mental disorders (45%), a significant reduction in other medical care expenditures and in length of hospital stay could not be demonstrated.

Application of a collagen matrix dressing on a neuropathic diabetic foot ulcer: a randomised control trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (Sup3) ◽  
pp. S13-S18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gholamreza Esmaeeli Djavid ◽  
Seyed Mehdi Tabaie ◽  
Siamak Bashardoust Tajali ◽  
Mehrangiz Totounchi ◽  
Amirreza Farhoud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Wound Care ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Collagen Matrix ◽  
Complete Healing ◽  
Randomised Control Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Number Of Patients

Objective: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are often hard-to-heal, despite standard care. With such a complicated healing process, any advanced wound care to aid healing is recommended. Chitosan/collagen composite hydrogel materials have the potential to promote the regenerative process. In this study, the efficacy of a new collagen matrix dressing including chitosan/collagen hydrogel was compared with a standard dressing of saline-moistened gauze for wound healing in patients with a hard-to-heal neuropathic DFU. Method: This is an open labelled, randomised clinical trial. After conventional therapy consisting of debridement, infection control and offloading, patients were randomly allocated to receive either a collagen matrix dressing (the study group, receiving Tebaderm manufacturer) or a saline-moistened gauze dressing (control group) for wound care. The reduction in DFU size and the number of patients with complete healing were measured throughout the treatment and in follow-up. Results: A total of 61 patients with a neuropathic DFU were recruited. Average percentage reduction in DFU size at four weeks was greater in the study group compared with the control group (54.5% versus 38.8%, respectively). Rate of complete healing rate at 20-weeks' follow-up was significantly better in the study group than the control group (60% versus 35.5%, respectively). Conclusion: The collagen matrix dressing used in this study accelerated the healing process of patients with a hard-to-heal DFU. Further research may suggest the used of this dressing to shorten the length of time to achieve complete healing.

scholarly journals Therapeutic benefit of aripiprazole-olanzapine combination in the treatment of senile Alzheimer’s disease complicated by mental disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 441-446
Author(s):  
Na Zheng ◽  
Ning Wang ◽  
Ji-Min Jia
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Lower Incidence ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Therapeutic Benefit ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group

Purpose: To determine the clinical efficacy of aripiprazole-olanzapine combination treatment in elderly Alzheimer’s disease complicated with mental disorders. Methods: Ninety-two elderly patients with Alzheimer’s disease and mental disorders who were admitted to Binzhou People's Hospital, were enrolled in the study. They were randomized into control and study groups. Control group was treated with olanzapine, while the study group was treated with aripiprazole as an adjuvant therapy in addition to olanzapine. The clinical efficacy, scores on different scales (MMSE, ADAS-cog, CDR, ADL, NPI and CMAI), and incidence of adverse reactions were determined. Results: The overall degree of response was significantly higher in the study group than in the control group (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in MMSE, ADAS-cog, CDR, ADL, NPI and CMAI scores between the two groups before treatment (p > 0.05). The MMSE score of the study group was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the scores in the other scales in the study group were significantly lower after treatment (p < 0.05). The study group had significantly lower incidence of adverse reactions than control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Aripiprazole-olanzapine combination has significant therapeutic benefit in the treatment of elderly Alzheimer’s disease patients complicated with mental disorders. It promotes recovery of neurological function, as well as produces a lower incidence of adverse reactions. Keywords: Aripiprazole, Olanzapine, Alzheimer’s disease, Mental disorders

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