scholarly journals Neurorehabilitation on the genome level: theoretical principles and experimental prerequisites

1995 ◽  
Vol XXVII (1-2) ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
G. V. Cherepnev ◽  
Z. R. Zulkarneeva
Keyword(s):  
Mental Diseases ◽  
Cell Genome ◽  
Genome Level ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Genetic Homeostasis

The mechanisms of control of genetic homeostasis of neurons and their role in the etiopathogenesis of some neurodegenerative and mental diseases and aging are briefly considered. For the purpose of possible prevention and (or) compensation of these disorders, it is proposed to pharmacologically modulate the activity of systems that ensure the stability of the cell genome.

scholarly journals Consequences of COVID-19 on future human genetic composition with special emphasis on homeostasis and natural selection

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 049-056
Author(s):  
Rakhad Abdulrazk Alrawi ◽  
Rafal Abdulrazak Al-Rawi ◽  
Omer Muhi Shareef
Keyword(s):  
Natural Selection ◽  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Genetic Composition ◽  
Evolutionary Force ◽  
Physiological Homeostasis ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Global Population ◽  
Genetic Homeostasis

Homeostasis, any self-regulating process by which biological systems tend to maintain stability while adjusting to the condition that is optimal for survival. If homeostasis is effective, life continues; if failed, death succeeds. The stability is a system of dynamic equilibrium, which tends to attain a balance that resists any outside invader that may cause a change. When such a system is disturbed, regulatory genes/immune responds to the departures to establish a new balance; such a process is one of feedback control. There are many kind of homeostasis, among are physiological homeostasis and genetic homeostasis. The first is essential to maintain conditions within restricted limits. Otherwise, the individual will fail to function properly such as body temperature, blood sugar level, blood Pressure and blood pH regulations. On the other hand, genetic homeostasis pertaining to population (may be the whole global population of 7.8 billion) when the gene pool is expressing frequencies of alleles and consequently population genetic frequencies remain the same over a period of time, indicating, the tendency of a population to equilibrate its genetic composition and to resist any changes. In this article it was discussed the consequences of COVID-19, as an evolutionary force of natural selection to the genetic composition of human population. It was concluded that physiological homeostasis are more stable than genetic homeostasis. It was suggested that global population into six genetic categorization for resistant versus susceptible individuals to COVID-19 incidence. Researchers can explore the potential role of genome wide association (GWAS), as molecular genetic markers to be used as early detection of individuals susceptible to COVID-19 to have intensive care.

Revision shock in Pacific oysters taxonomy: the genus Magallana (formerly Crassostrea in part) is well-founded and necessary

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Salvi ◽  
Paolo Mariottini
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Pacific Oysters ◽  
Ranking Criteria ◽  
Genome Level ◽  
Molecular Phenotypes ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Additional Support

Abstract The description of the genus Magallana provoked taxonomic ‘revision shock’ among Bayne and colleagues, who criticised: (1) the supporting evidence for this taxonomic change, (2) the procedure used and (3) its impact on the nomenclatural stability of oysters. Here, we demonstrate that the description of the genus Magallana fulfils the norms of taxonomic and indexing revisions, and is well-founded on a scientific basis. The clade named Magallana is supported by a robust phylogeny based on comprehensive taxon sampling, independent datasets and varied analytical methods. A new maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis of oysters, based on mitochondrial gene order data (representing molecular phenotypes above the sequence level), has provided additional support for this classification. These results are fully consistent with all previously published phylogenetic studies, thus providing an unambiguous indication of the stability of the clade that meets all the currently accepted criteria for naming clades as taxa. We show that, while the criterion of ‘morphological diagnosability’ is not applicable at any level of oyster classification, several striking molecular phenotypes are diagnostic of Magallana, both at the nuclear and the mitochondrial genome level. The classification with three genera Magallana, Crassostrea and Talonostrea reflects the evolutionary diversity of Crassostreinae and is consistent with taxonomic ranking criteria adopted for other oyster subfamilies.

scholarly journals Checking the stability of human bone marrow stem cell genome by RAPD-PCR (random amplified polymophic DNA)

1998 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-72
Author(s):  
D. ZAKOVA ◽  
P. NURENBERG ◽  
R. BRDICKA
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Bone Marrow Stem Cell ◽  
Human Bone ◽  
Human Bone Marrow ◽  
Rapd Pcr ◽  
Cell Genome ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Marrow Stem Cell

scholarly journals Peptide display on live MS2 phage: restrictions at the RNA genome level

2001 ◽  
Vol 82 (7) ◽  
pp. 1797-1805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dico van Meerten ◽  
Rene C. L. Olsthoorn ◽  
Jan van Duin ◽  
Raymond M. D. Verhaert
Keyword(s):  
Coat Protein ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Hairpin Loop ◽  
Major Coat Protein ◽  
Large Loop ◽  
Genome Level ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Rna Hairpin ◽  
Peptide Display ◽  
Rna Phage

The potential of the RNA phage MS2 to accommodate extra amino acids in its major coat protein has been examined. Accordingly, a pentapeptide was encoded in the genome as an N-terminal extension. In the MS2 crystal structure, this part of the coat protein forms a loop that extends from the outer surface of the icosahedral virion. At the RNA level, the insert forms a large loop at the top of an existing hairpin. This study shows that it is possible to maintain inserts in the coat protein of live phages. However, not all inserts were genetically stable. Some suffer deletions, while others underwent adaptation by base substitutions. Whether or not an insert is stable appears to be determined by the choice of the nucleic acid sequence used to encode the extra peptide. This effect was not caused by differential translation, because coat-protein synthesis was equal in wild-type and mutants. We conclude that the stability of the insert depends on the structure of the large RNA hairpin loop, as demonstrated by the fact that a single substitution can convert an unstable loop into a stable one.

scholarly journals A simple, high-throughput stabilization assay to test HIV-1 uncoating inhibitors

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alžběta Dostálková ◽  
Romana Hadravová ◽  
Filip Kaufman ◽  
Ivana Křížová ◽  
Kryštof Škach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Reverse Transcription ◽  
Fluorescence Signal ◽  
Double Stranded Dna ◽  
Capsid Shell ◽  
Cell Genome ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Hiv 1

AbstractShortly after entering the cell, HIV-1 copies its genomic RNA into double-stranded DNA in a process known as reverse transcription. This process starts inside a core consisting of an enclosed lattice of capsid proteins that protect the viral RNA from cytosolic sensors and degradation pathways. To accomplish reverse transcription and integrate cDNA into the host cell genome, the capsid shell needs to be disassembled, or uncoated. Premature or delayed uncoating attenuates reverse transcription and blocks HIV-1 infectivity. Small molecules that bind to the capsid lattice of the HIV-1 core and either destabilize or stabilize its structure could thus function as effective HIV-1 inhibitors. To screen for such compounds, we modified our recently developed FAITH assay to allow direct assessment of the stability of in vitro preassembled HIV-1 capsid-nucleocapsid (CANC) tubular particles. This new assay is a high-throughput fluorescence method based on measuring the amount of nucleic acid released from CANC complexes under disassembly conditions. The amount of disassembled CANC particles and released nucleic acid is proportional to the fluorescence signal, from which the relative percentage of CANC stability can be calculated. We consider our assay a potentially powerful tool for in vitro screening for compounds that alter HIV disassembly.

Open discussion

1982 ◽  
Vol 99 ◽  
pp. 605-613
Author(s):  
P. S. Conti
Keyword(s):  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Large Mass ◽  
List Type ◽  
Common Phenomenon ◽  
Open Discussion ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Ring Nebulae

Conti: One of the main conclusions of the Wolf-Rayet symposium in Buenos Aires was that Wolf-Rayet stars are evolutionary products of massive objects. Some questions:–Do hot helium-rich stars, that are not Wolf-Rayet stars, exist?–What about the stability of helium rich stars of large mass? We know a helium rich star of ∼40 MO. Has the stability something to do with the wind?–Ring nebulae and bubbles : this seems to be a much more common phenomenon than we thought of some years age.–What is the origin of the subtypes? This is important to find a possible matching of scenarios to subtypes.

Therapy and prevention for mental health: What if mental diseases are mostly not brain disorders?

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. A. Ioannidis
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disease ◽  
Brain Disorders ◽  
Social Stressors ◽  
Labor Education ◽  
Mental Diseases ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Political Decisions

AbstractNeurobiology-based interventions for mental diseases and searches for useful biomarkers of treatment response have largely failed. Clinical trials should assess interventions related to environmental and social stressors, with long-term follow-up; social rather than biological endpoints; personalized outcomes; and suitable cluster, adaptive, and n-of-1 designs. Labor, education, financial, and other social/political decisions should be evaluated for their impacts on mental disease.

Symmetric Multistep Methods Revisited: II. Numerical Experiments

1999 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 309-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Fukushima
Keyword(s):  
Multistep Methods ◽  
Computational Time ◽  
Integration Time ◽  
Implicit Methods ◽  
Symmetric Methods ◽  
Celestial Bodies ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Predictor Corrector ◽  
Symmetric Multistep Methods ◽  
Integration Errors

AbstractBy using the stability condition and general formulas developed by Fukushima (1998 = Paper I) we discovered that, just as in the case of the explicit symmetric multistep methods (Quinlan and Tremaine, 1990), when integrating orbital motions of celestial bodies, the implicit symmetric multistep methods used in the predictor-corrector manner lead to integration errors in position which grow linearly with the integration time if the stepsizes adopted are sufficiently small and if the number of corrections is sufficiently large, say two or three. We confirmed also that the symmetric methods (explicit or implicit) would produce the stepsize-dependent instabilities/resonances, which was discovered by A. Toomre in 1991 and confirmed by G.D. Quinlan for some high order explicit methods. Although the implicit methods require twice or more computational time for the same stepsize than the explicit symmetric ones do, they seem to be preferable since they reduce these undesirable features significantly.

Uniformity of Magnification from Different Electron Microscopes

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 32-33
Author(s):  
Godfrey C. Hoskins ◽  
V. Williams ◽  
V. Allison
Keyword(s):  
Diffraction Grating ◽  
The Other ◽  
Carbon Replica ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
The Stability

The method demonstrated is an adaptation of a proven procedure for accurately determining the magnification of light photomicrographs. Because of the stability of modern electrical lenses, the method is shown to be directly applicable for providing precise reproducibility of magnification in various models of electron microscopes.A readily recognizable area of a carbon replica of a crossed-line diffraction grating is used as a standard. The same area of the standard was photographed in Phillips EM 200, Hitachi HU-11B2, and RCA EMU 3F electron microscopes at taps representative of the range of magnification of each. Negatives from one microscope were selected as guides and printed at convenient magnifications; then negatives from each of the other microscopes were projected to register with these prints. By deferring measurement to the print rather than comparing negatives, correspondence of magnification of the specimen in the three microscopes could be brought to within 2%.

Effect of Improved ThO2 Particle Dispersion in Nickel on High-Temperature Strength

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 444-445
Author(s):  
E. R. Kimmel ◽  
H. L. Anthony ◽  
W. Scheithauer
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Oxide Particle ◽  
Oxide Phase ◽  
Dislocation Motion ◽  
Particle Dispersion ◽  
High Temperature Strength ◽  
Strengthening Effect ◽  
Oxide Particles ◽  
The Stability

The strengthening effect at high temperature produced by a dispersed oxide phase in a metal matrix is seemingly dependent on at least two major contributors: oxide particle size and spatial distribution, and stability of the worked microstructure. These two are strongly interrelated. The stability of the microstructure is produced by polygonization of the worked structure forming low angle cell boundaries which become anchored by the dispersed oxide particles. The effect of the particles on strength is therefore twofold, in that they stabilize the worked microstructure and also hinder dislocation motion during loading.

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