scholarly journals The usage of combination of tricalcium phosphate and polylactic acid as materials for 3D printing of alloplastic blocks

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 47-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga O Filatova ◽  
Andrey G Klimov ◽  
Boris V Seleznev
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Real Patient ◽  
Manufacturing Method ◽  
Tissue Replacement ◽  
Operating Region

This study describes the manufacturing method of alloplastic blocks for treatment of bone defects through tissue replacement with combination of tricalcium phosphate and polylactic acid. The method is unique because for its implementation we used 3d-printing and materials that we had not combined before. Such approach to manufacturing of synthetic blocks allows us to decide several tasks: planning of surgical operation’s strategy by means of modelling in specialized software of certain operating region and to print block with suitable shape and size which would accurately fit the edges of bone defects and fill it. Thus, we can achieve all objectives in the shortest possible time, while saving time and resources. Using this methods, we created experimental model of lower jaw and alloplastic block that can be used with a real patient and be widely applied not only in surgical dentistry and maxillofacial surgery, but also in any other branch of medicine.Combination of tricalcium phosphate and polylactic acid has several advantages because first component acts as a frame and due to its chemical structure makes block’s shape more stable. The second component acts as a filler by means of irregular shape of granules and creates spongiform structure for further blood vessels growth. In addition, materials have properties such as: bioinertness, biocompatibility, biodegradable and don’t have negative impact on the organism. Using this method, we can get the fragment that meets all requirements, and surgical operation becomes economically profitable both for patient and for hospital.

scholarly journals Fabrication of Polylactic Acid/β-Tricalcium Phosphate FDM 3D Printing Fiber to Enhance Osteoblastic-Like Cell Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eisner Salamanca ◽  
Ting-Chia Tsao ◽  
Hao-Wen Hseuh ◽  
Yi-Fan Wu ◽  
Cheuk-Sing Choy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Base Materials ◽  
Effective Combination ◽  
Collagen Type 1

Guided-bone regeneration (GBR) is increasingly using three-dimensional (3D) printing by fused deposition modeling (FDM) to build the filaments used for treatment. Polylactic acid (PLA) and beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) are widely used as base materials in 3D printing, necessitating that they are studied together in the context of GBR treatment. This study sought to test and compare the properties and efficacy of different ratios of β-TCP and PLA used to make the 3D-printed filament material to find the most effective combination of materials for GBR treatment. Several ratios of PLA to β-TCP were tested, including PLA/β-TCP ratios of 95%/5% (PLA-5), 90%/10% (PLA-10), 85%/15% (PLA-15), and 80%/20% (PLA-20), and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in vitro testing was done to characterize the material. After adding β-TCP to PLA, mechanical testing indicated that tensile and elongation strengths decreased, hardness was retained, and cell proliferation was promoted. The effect of PLA and β-TCP on increasing alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was significantly greater in a ratio of 10% β-TCP/90% PLA at 5 days (p < 0.05) than in any other ratios tested. This is supported by results from qPCR testing, which showed early osteoblast-like differentiation of DLX5, RUNX2, OPG, OC, and collagen type 1 (COL-1) expression levels similar to cells cultured on PLA-10. Our results demonstrated that 3D printing of filaments produced in a ratio of 90% PLA to 10% β-TCP was more effective for GBR than that of filaments produced only using PLA.

scholarly journals 3D Printing of a Mandibular Bone Deffect

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-31
Author(s):  
Alin Gabor ◽  
Tiberiu Hosszu ◽  
Cristian Zaharia ◽  
Alexandru Kozma ◽  
Andreea Codruta Cojocariu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Scanning System ◽  
Printing Technology ◽  
Mandibular Bone ◽  
Optical Scanning ◽  
3D Printing Technology ◽  
Polymeric Scaffold

The aim of this study was to achieve a polymeric scaffold, ex-vivo, using 3D printing technology and then subjecting it to various tests to check its optimal property. Initially there was selected a lower jaw with a bone defect that would have prevented any treatment based prosthetic implant. The mandible was first scanned using an optical scanner (MAESTRO DENTAL SCANNER MDS400). The scanning parameters using optical scanning system are: 10 micron accuracy, resolution 0.07 mm, 2 rooms with High-Resolution LED structured light, two axes. The scan time of the mandible was 4-5 min. Later the same mandible was scanned using CBCT�s CRANEX 3DX. The images obtained using CBCT�s were correlated with those obtained by optical scanning. Further on, there was achieved the digital design of the future scaffold with the conventional technique of wax addition directly on the mandibular bone defect. After that, this was again scanned using scanning system MAESTRO DENTAL SCANNER MDS400, and using CBCT�s CRANEX 3DX. The images obtained were correlated with all the scanned images of original mandible bone defects. There were made two polymeric scaffolds using 3D printing system an (D20 Digital Wax System 3D Printer). After printing, scaffold sites were introduced for 30 minutes in an oven curing. Later the pieces obtained were processed to remove small excesses of work. There were obtained 3 blocks of polymers that have a good adaptation to the bone profile. Often, in oral implantology and maxillofacial surgery appear bone defects. They prevent an optimal treatment of bio-functional and aesthetic restoration. Using 3D printing technology one can achieve scaffold sites of different biocompatible materials that have optimal properties to replace bone defect and restore the defective area. These scaffold sites have an intimate adaptation to the defect. 3D printing techniques used to restore bone defects can quickly and efficiently give the possibility to have a successful implantology prosthetics treatment.

scholarly journals The preparation and application of calcium phosphate biomedical composites in filling of weight-bearing bone defects

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijia Cheng ◽  
Tianchang Lin ◽  
Ahmad Taha Khalaf ◽  
Yamei Zhang ◽  
Hongyan He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Type I ◽  
Artificial Bone ◽  
Thermosensitive Hydrogel ◽  
Bone Repairing ◽  
Histological Staining

AbstractNowadays, artificial bone materials have been widely applied in the filling of non-weight bearing bone defects, but scarcely ever in weight-bearing bone defects. This study aims to develop an artificial bone with excellent mechanical properties and good osteogenic capability. Firstly, the collagen-thermosensitive hydrogel-calcium phosphate (CTC) composites were prepared as follows: dissolving thermosensitive hydrogel at 4 °C, then mixing with type I collagen as well as tricalcium phosphate (CaP) powder, and moulding the composites at 37 °C. Next, the CTC composites were subjected to evaluate for their chemical composition, micro morphology, pore size, Shore durometer, porosity and water absorption ability. Following this, the CTC composites were implanted into the muscle of mice while the 70% hydroxyapatite/30% β-tricalcium phosphate (HA/TCP) biomaterials were set as the control group; 8 weeks later, the osteoinductive abilities of biomaterials were detected by histological staining. Finally, the CTC and HA/TCP biomaterials were used to fill the large segments of tibia defects in mice. The bone repairing and load-bearing abilities of materials were evaluated by histological staining, X-ray and micro-CT at week 8. Both the CTC and HA/TCP biomaterials could induce ectopic bone formation in mice; however, the CTC composites tended to produce larger areas of bone and bone marrow tissues than HA/TCP. Simultaneously, bone-repairing experiments showed that HA/TCP biomaterials were easily crushed or pushed out by new bone growth as the material has a poor hardness. In comparison, the CTC composites could be replaced gradually by newly formed bone and repair larger segments of bone defects. The CTC composites trialled in this study have better mechanical properties, osteoinductivity and weight-bearing capacity than HA/TCP. The CTC composites provide an experimental foundation for the synthesis of artificial bone and a new option for orthopedic patients.

scholarly journals Dual Network Composites of Poly(vinyl alcohol)-Calcium Metaphosphate/Alginate with Osteogenic Ions for Bone Tissue Engineering in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Lilis Iskandar ◽  
Lucy DiSilvio ◽  
Jonathan Acheson ◽  
Sanjukta Deb
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Bone Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery

Despite considerable advances in biomaterials-based bone tissue engineering technologies, autografts remain the gold standard for rehabilitating critical-sized bone defects in the oral and maxillofacial (OMF) region. A majority of advanced synthetic bone substitutes (SBS’s) have not transcended the pre-clinical stage due to inferior clinical performance and translational barriers, which include low scalability, high cost, regulatory restrictions, limited advanced facilities and human resources. The aim of this study is to develop clinically viable alternatives to address the challenges of bone tissue regeneration in the OMF region by developing ‘dual network composites’ (DNC’s) of calcium metaphosphate (CMP)—poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate with osteogenic ions: calcium, zinc and strontium. To fabricate DNC’s, single network composites of PVA/CMP with 10% (w/v) gelatine particles as porogen were developed using two freeze–thawing cycles and subsequently interpenetrated by guluronate-dominant sodium alginate and chelated with calcium, zinc or strontium ions. Physicochemical, compressive, water uptake, thermal, morphological and in vitro biological properties of DNC’s were characterised. The results demonstrated elastic 3D porous scaffolds resembling a ‘spongy bone’ with fluid absorbing capacity, easily sculptable to fit anatomically complex bone defects, biocompatible and osteoconductive in vitro, thus yielding potentially clinically viable for SBS alternatives in OMF surgery.

Fused Filament Fabrication 3D Printed Polylactic Acid Electroosmotic Pumps

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Wu ◽  
Stephen Beirne ◽  
Joan-Marc Cabot Canyelles ◽  
Brett Paull ◽  
Gordon G. Wallace ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Flexible Approach ◽  
Electroosmotic Pump ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Electroosmotic Pumps

Additive manufacturing (3D printing) offers a flexible approach for the production of bespoke microfluidic structures such as the electroosmotic pump. Here a readily accessible fused filament fabrication (FFF) 3D printing...

3D-printing in forensic electrochemistry: Atropine determination in beverages using an additively manufactured graphene-polylactic acid electrode

2021 ◽  
pp. 106324
Author(s):  
Afonso F. João ◽  
Raquel G. Rocha ◽  
Tiago A. Matias ◽  
Eduardo M. Richter ◽  
João Flávio S. Petruci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Polylactic Acid

scholarly journals Supercritical Impregnation of PLA Filaments with Mango Leaf Extract to Manufacture Functionalized Biomedical Devices by 3D Printing

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 2125
Author(s):  
José María Rosales ◽  
Cristina Cejudo ◽  
Lidia Verano ◽  
Lourdes Casas ◽  
Casimiro Mantell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Printer ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Bioactive Properties ◽  
Supercritical Impregnation ◽  
Mango Leaves

Polylactic Acid (PLA) filaments impregnated with ethanolic mango leaves extract (MLE) with pharmacological properties were obtained by supercritical impregnation. The effects of pressure, temperature and amount of extract on the response variables, i.e., swelling, extract loading and bioactivity of the PLA filaments, were determined. The analysis of the filaments biocapacities revealed that impregnated PLA filaments showed 11.07% antidenaturant capacity and 88.13% antioxidant activity, which after a 9-day incubation shifted to 30.10% and 9.90%, respectively. Subsequently, the same tests were conducted on printed samples. Before their incubation, the printed samples showed 79.09% antioxidant activity and no antidenaturant capacity was detected. However, after their incubation, the antioxidant activity went down to only 2.50%, while the antidenaturant capacity raised up to 23.50%. The persistence of the bioactive properties after printing opens the possibility of using the functionalized PLA filaments as the feed for a three-dimensional (3D) printer.

scholarly journals Additive Manufacturing of β-Tricalcium Phosphate Components via Fused Deposition of Ceramics (FDC)

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 156
Author(s):  
Steffen Esslinger ◽  
Axel Grebhardt ◽  
Jonas Jaeger ◽  
Frank Kern ◽  
Andreas Killinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Critical Size ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
The Body ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Fused Deposition Of Ceramics

Bone defects introduced by accidents or diseases are very painful for the patient and their treatment leads to high expenses for the healthcare systems. When a bone defect reaches a critical size, the body is not able to restore this defect by itself. In this case a bone graft is required, either an autologous one taken from the patient or an artificial one made of a bioceramic material such as calcium phosphate. In this study β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) was dispersed in a polymer matrix containing poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(ethylene glycole) (PEG). These compounds were extruded to filaments, which were used for 3D printing of cylindrical scaffolds via Fused Deposition of Ceramics (FDC) technique. After shaping, the printed parts were debindered and sintered. The components combined macro- and micropores with a pore size of 1 mm and 0.01 mm, respectively, which are considered beneficial for bone healing. The compressive strength of sintered cylindrical scaffolds exceeded 72 MPa at an open porosity of 35%. The FDC approach seems promising for manufacturing patient specific bioceramic bone grafts.

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