scholarly journals Staphylococcus aureus as a target of peripheral blood microbicidal factors from healthy donors

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-13
Author(s):  
Anatoliy P. Godovalov ◽  
Iosif A. Boev
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Hydroxyl Radicals ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Complement Components ◽  
Bacteriolytic Activity ◽  
Healthy Donors

Objective. The aim of investigation was to evaluate the bacteriolytic activity of the peripheral blood of healthy donors against S. aureus. Currently, much attention is paid to the involvement of opportunistic microorganisms in the development of infectious and inflammatory diseases, among which one of the leading places is occupied by the processes of staphylococcal etiology. Staphylococcus aureus possesses a unique spectrum of pathogenic factors, which, together with intracellular persistence, allow staphylococci to avoid exposure to immune factors and other agents. Materials and methods. The bacteriolytic activity of the peripheral blood of 32 healthy donors, as well as the ability of the whole blood and serum to destroy biofilms, were evaluated. The phagocytic activity of peripheral blood monocytes and neutrophils and the ability to produce hydroxyl radicals were analyzed. For opsonization of S. aureus, a commercial immunoglobulin G or donor serum was used. Results. It was shown that the whole peripheral blood practically does not have a significant effect on the number of viable cells of S. aureus. However, freshly obtained blood serum significantly destroys the biofilm. It has been established that a fifth part of peripheral blood leukocytes is absorbed by S. aureus. After opsonization of microbial cells with immunoglobulin G, the indices of phagocytic activity of monocytes and neutrophils did not change significantly. When using freshly obtained serum for opsonization of objects, a stimulating effect on the production of hydroxyl radicals by leukocytes was revealed (2758.7 725.3 and 870.6 197.4 related light units, respectively; p 0.05). After heating the serum at 56 C, the stimulating effect was leveled (1091.1 234.7 related light units; p 0.05 for samples with non-opsonized objects). In general, the obtained data indicate that the complement components can be recognized as the most effective system for the elimination of S. aureus. Conclusions. Thus, S. aureus uniquely adapted to the human body that allows staphylococci to persist for a long time without clinical manifestations. It can be assumed that among the factors of the immune system, the proteins of the complement system, which destroy both S. aureus cells and the biofilm matrix, probably have the most effective bactericidal action. However, the effectiveness of this system depends on the protein-synthesizing function of the liver, the availability of microorganisms to the action of complement.

scholarly journals Characteristics of bactericidal activity of healthy donors' peripheral blood against Escherichia coli

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-51
Author(s):  
A Godovalov ◽  
I Boev
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Microbicidal Activity ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Healthy Donors ◽  
Wide Range

Recently, the role of opportunistic pathogenic microorganisms in the development of inflammatory diseases of various localization has been relatively widely discussed. It is known that Escherichia coli are the etiological agent of such diseases, especially extraintestinal localization, a distinctive feature of which is considered to be a wide range of clinical manifestations. The aim of investigation was to assess the contribution of some components to the total microbicidal activity of healthy donors peripheral blood. Materials and methods. The bactericidal capacity of peripheral blood was assessed by the number of viable E. coli after incubation with blood samples by plating on Endo medium. The antibiofilm activity of whole blood and blood plasma was assessed by direct contact with the biofilm and its subsequent visualization using O'Toole technique. Phagocytic activity of neutrophils and monocytes was assessed separately in a microscopic version of the test. The production of reactive oxygen species was assessed using the stimulated and spontaneous luminol-dependent chemiluminescence reaction. An immunoglobulin G was used to opsonize E. coli. Results and discussion. It was shown that the peripheral blood of healthy volunteers has pronounced bactericidal properties against E. coli, reducing the number of viable bacteria by 2 times. Opsonization of E. coli reduces the number of bacteria by 4 times. Among leukocytes, the predominant place is occupied by neutrophils, which activate their absorption capacity and production of radicals faster than monocytes. The number of actively phagocytic neutrophils after E. coli treatment with an immunoglobulin G increased to 4.1±1.0% (without opsonization - 1.7±0.3%; p<0.05). Conclusion. In general, the microbicidal activity of the blood of healthy people is a multi-component system, in which a special place should be given to the factors of opsonization.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the phagocytic activity of peripheral blood monocytes of patients with Jorge Lobo's disease

2004 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fátima Regina Vilani-Moreno ◽  
Luciana Moreira Silva ◽  
Diltor Vladimir Araújo Opromolla
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Time ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Peripheral Blood Monocytes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
And Control

Studies on host-parasite interaction in Jorge Lobo's disease are scarce, with no report in the literature on the phagocytosis of Lacazia loboi by phagocytic mononuclear cells. Thus, the objective of the present study was to assess the phagocytic activity of blood monocytes in the presence of L. loboi in patients with the disease and in healthy subjects (controls) over 3 and 24 hours of incubation. Statistical analyses of the results showed no significant difference in percent phagocytosis of the fungus between patient and control monocytes. With respect to incubation time, however, there was a significant difference, in that percent phagocytosis was higher at 3 hours than at 24 hours (p <0.01). These results suggest that monocytes from patients with the mycosis are able to phagocyte the fungus, as also observed in control individuals.

scholarly journals Phagocytic activity of blood monocytes in response to methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 551-557
Author(s):  
O. A. Kolenchukova ◽  
N. I. Sarmatova ◽  
A. V. Moshev
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Burst ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Fluorescein Isothiocyanate ◽  
Phagocytic Index ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Monocyte Subsets ◽  
Superoxide Anion Production ◽  
Hla Dr ◽  
Burst Intensity

Current study performed to estimate the phagocytic activity of blood monocytes of varying phenotypes exposed to MRSA and MSSA strains.  Objects: Blood monocytes were collected from 25 healthy adults (age: 25–45 years). Live suspensions of MRSA/MSSA strains were used at concentration of 106 colony-forming units (CFU)/mL.  Metods. Phagocytic functions were estimated by using fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labelled MRSA and MSSA strains followed by running flow cytometry on FC 500 series flow cytometer (Beckman Coulter, USA). Whole peripheral blood cells were directly labelled with immunofluorescently tagged monoclonal CD14-PE/CD45-ECD/HLA-DR-PC5/CD16-PC7 antibodies (Beckman Coulter, USA). Respiratory burst intensity was evaluated in monocytes by measuring activity of lucigeninand luminol-dependent spontaneous and induced chemiluminescence. Monocytes were induced by using live suspension of MRSA/MSSA strains at a concentration of 106 CFU/mL. Results and discussion. While studying luminol-dependent monocyte activities after exposure to MRSA vs. MSSA, it was observed a 3.5-fold decreased curve square, whereas lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence was increased by 6-fold. Compared to MSSA exposure, index of activation (IA) was decreased by 1.1-fold in response to MRSA exposure that was confirmed by lowered release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from monocytes in response to MRSA exposure. Moreover, IRSS increased by 1.3-fold upon MRSA exposure. Examining monocyte oxygen-independent phagocytosis against MRSA vs. MSSA revealed significantly increased phagocytic number and concomitantly decreased phagocytic index. An evaluation of the activities of various monocyte subsets in response to MRSA vs. MSSA revealed increased phagocytic index by 1.5-fold for CD14lowCD16+ and CD14+CD16+ monocyte subsets as well as 3-fold for CD14+CD16– monocytes. Counts for all phagocytic subsets were decreased (1.4-, 1.5- and 4-fold for CD14lowCD16+, CD14+CD16+ and CD14+CD16– monocytes, respectively). To summarize, intensity of the respiratory burst was lowered upon MRSA exposure and percentage of monocyte subsets. Overall deficiency of superoxide anion production was observed in response to MRSA. In contrast, oxygen-independent event revealed phenotypic changes in frequency of peripheral blood monocytes upon MRSA exposure. We observed that CD14+CD16– classical monocytes were more rapidly activated. Conclusion. Thus, we concluded that CD14+CD16– monocytes became more rapidly activated but exhibited less effective phagocytosis, whereas CD14+CD16+ and CD14lowCD16+ monocytes were more slowly activated and demonstrated stronger phagocytic activity.

Is the Success of Cefazolin plus Ertapenem in Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia Based on Release of Interleukin 1-beta?

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Smelter ◽  
Mary Hayney ◽  
George Sakoulas ◽  
Warren Rose
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Interleukin 1 Beta ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Salvage Regimen ◽  
Peripheral Blood Monocytes ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteremia

Cefazolin and ertapenem has been shown to be an effective salvage regimen for refractory methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. Our findings suggest cefazolin plus ertapenem in vitro stimulates interleukin-1β release from peripheral blood monocytes both with and without S. aureus presence. This IL-1β augmentation was primarily driven by ertapenem. These findings support further exploration of cefazolin plus ertapenem in MSSA bacteremia and may partially explain its marked potency in vivo despite modest synergy in vitro .

Alpha-defensins secreted by dysplastic granulocytes inhibit the differentiation of monocytes in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia

Blood ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Droin ◽  
Arnaud Jacquel ◽  
Jean-Baptiste Hendra ◽  
Cindy Racoeur ◽  
Caroline Truntzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia ◽  
Cellular Heterogeneity ◽  
Uridine Diphosphate ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Healthy Donors ◽  
Leukemic Clone ◽  
Macrophage Colony ◽  
Myelomonocytic Leukemia

Abstract Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is a clonal hematopoietic disorder that occurs in elderly patients. One of the main diagnostic criteria is the accumulation of heterogeneous monocytes in the peripheral blood. We further explored this cellular heterogeneity and observed that part of the leukemic clone in the peripheral blood was made of immature dysplastic granulocytes with a CD14−/CD24+ phenotype. The proteome profile of these cells is dramatically distinct from that of CD14+/CD24− monocytes from CMML patients or healthy donors. More specifically, CD14−/CD24+ CMML cells synthesize and secrete large amounts of alpha-defensin 1-3 (HNP1-3). Recombinant HNPs inhibit macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF)–driven differentiation of human peripheral blood monocytes into macrophages. Using transwell, antibody-mediated depletion, suramin inhibition of purinergic receptors, and competitive experiments with uridine diphosphate (UDP)/uridine triphosphate (UTP), we demonstrate that HNP1-3 secreted by CD14−/CD24+ cells inhibit M-CSF–induced differentiation of CD14+/CD24− cells at least in part through P2Y6, a receptor involved in macrophage differentiation. Altogether, these observations suggest that a population of immature dysplastic granulocytes contributes to the CMML phenotype through production of alpha-defensins HNP1-3 that suppress the differentiation capabilities of monocytes.

Investigate the role of GPR15/BOB in the SLE patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-32
Author(s):  
Caroline G. Jackson ◽  
Donald R. Kwan
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Viral Envelope ◽  
Orphan Receptor ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Peripheral Blood Monocytes ◽  
Healthy Donors ◽  
Hiv 1

GPR15 functions as a cellular co-receptor for some isolates of HIV-1, HIV-2, and SIV through interactions with several viral envelope proteins. The objective of this study was to investigate the expression of orphan receptor GPR15/BOB in the serum of SLE patients and non-SLE healthy people. GPR15/BOB expression was analysed by flow cytometry while, GPR15/BOB messenger RNA was examined in peripheral blood monocytes by RT-PCR. GPR15/BOB mRNA was detected in all periphral blood of SLE patients examined. Further, a significant increase in GPR15/BOB expression as measured by mean fluorescence intensity was observed on SLE PB neutrophils compared to these cell populations from healthy donors. We concluded that GPR15/BOB is expressed in monocytes and neutrophils in peripheral blood, and expression is up-regulated in SLE patients compared to controls. GPR15/BOB may play a role in SLE pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Biosynthesis of the complement components and the regulatory proteins of the alternative complement pathway by human peripheral blood monocytes.

1980 ◽  
Vol 151 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Whaley
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Alternative Pathway ◽  
Regulatory Proteins ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Mobile Source ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Complement Components ◽  
Peripheral Blood Monocytes ◽  
Alternative Complement

Short-term cultures of human peripheral blood monocytes were shown to synthesize the alternative pathway complement components C3, factors B (B) and D (D), and properdin, the regulatory proteins C3b inactivator (C3bINA) and beta 1H, in addition to C2, C4, and C5. B, D, properdin, C3bINA, and C2 were detected by functional assays, whereas beta 1H, C4, C3, and C5 could only be detected using immunochemical procedures. Immunoperoxidase localization studies showed that all the cells in each culture contained each component, so it is possible that all monocytes synthesize each component. It is concluded that cells of the monocyte-macrophage series form a mobile source of complement components and regulatory proteins which can be concentrated at sites of inflammation.

Increased phagocytic activity of peripheral blood monocytes after intravenous injection of phospholipase A2 to monkeys

1991 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Bravo-Cuellar ◽  
Françoise Homo-Delarche ◽  
Rodolfo Ramos-Zepeda ◽  
Pierre Dubouch ◽  
Jeannine Cabannes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phospholipase A2 ◽  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Peripheral Blood Monocytes

scholarly journals Phagocytosis and intracellular killing by peripheral blood monocytes of patients with monocytic leukemia

Blood ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 1234-1238
Author(s):  
R van Furth ◽  
PC Leijh ◽  
TL van Zwet ◽  
MT van den Barselaar
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Intracellular Killing ◽  
Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
Interesting Phenomenon ◽  
Opsonic Activity ◽  
Peripheral Blood Monocytes ◽  
Serum Factors ◽  
Healthy Donors ◽  
The Mean

This article concerns a study on the endocytic functions of circulating monocytes from 12 patients with acute or chronic monocytic leukemia. The results show that phagocytosis and intracellular killing of Staphylococcus aureus are impaired in only two patients and that the opsonic activity of the serum of all patients is normal. With respect to the intracellular killing of ingested Staphylococcus aureus, an interesting phenomenon was found in that the cells of patients with monocytic leukemia proved to be in a state of activation, as shown by the finding that patients' monocytes with normal phagocytosis killed about 64% of the ingested bacteria in the absence of extracellular stimulation by serum factors. When extracellular serum was present, the mean killing index rose to only 69%. This is unlike the situation seen in monocytes from healthy donors, where no killing occurs in the absence of extracellular serum and extracellular stimulation by serum factors is mandatory for optimal intracellular killing.

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