scholarly journals The role of legal intellection in the lawmaking mechanism

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
Ekaterina A. Petrova
Keyword(s):  
Special Kind ◽  
Thinking Style ◽  
Legal Traditions ◽  
Methods And Techniques ◽  
Legal Thinking ◽  
The Law ◽  
Legal Understanding ◽  
Law Making

The article gives the authors interpretation of legal intellection as a special kind of professional thinking. It is underlined that legal intellection is directly connected with lawmaking, since the law is a result of both of these processes. The main directions of its influence on the elements of the lawmaking mechanism are considered. The author interprets lawmaking mechanism as a set of interrelated and interdependent technical and legal elements that support law creation. These elements include the law-makers; law-making methods and techniques; the rules of claw; forms (sources) of law. It is noted that the lawyers belonging to a particular type of legal understanding determines the understanding of lawmaking process. The author analyzes the influence of legal thinking style, determined by legal traditions of various legal families, on application of various forms of law as a result of lawmaking. The examples from Russian and American legal reality are given. The problem of legal intellection level of lawmakers is discussed, because of its influence on the quality of sources of law. It is concluded that legal intellection as a special kind of professional thinking permeates all types of legal activities and, first of all, directly affects the specifics of the lawmaking mechanism, determining the content of its main elements: the law-makers are the holders of legal intellection; methods, techniques of law-making are determined by the stylistic features of legal thinking; the quality of the forms of law created in the lawmaking process directly depends on the legal thinking level of their creators.

“Judicial Law-making”: Pro et Contra

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-35
Author(s):  
V. V. Ershov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Judicial Process ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Scientific Discussion ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Judicial Lawmaking ◽  
The Law ◽  
Legal Understanding ◽  
Developing System ◽  
Law Making

Introduction. As a result of the application in scientific research of descriptive and objectiveteleological methods of studying legal phenomena, a number of foreign and Russian scientists often describe only truly objectively existing legal phenomena, including “judicial law-making”. Theoretical Basis. Methods. From the position of scientifically grounded concept of integrative legal understanding, according to which the system of law first of all synthesizes only the principles and norms of law contained in a single, multi-level and developing system of forms of national and international law, implemented in the state, the article concludes that it is possible to highlight two types of “judicial law-making” in the special literature: “moderate” and “radical” types of “judicial law-making”. Results. “Moderate judicial law-making” is allowed only outside the law, its results are not binding on other courts, as the “norm” created by the court is only applicable ex post, only to a particular dispute and is not binding on other courts. In the opinion of the author of the article, this result of “moderate judicial law-making” is theoretically more reasonable to be considered as a kind of wrong – as “court positions” obligatory only for participants of individual judicial process, developed in the process of consideration and resolution of individual dispute as a result of interpretation of principles and norms of law. Discussion and Conclusion. Researchers – supporters of the “radical” type of “judicial lawmaking” allow the development of “judicial precedents of law” “through the law, beyond and against the law” (contra legem).It seems to the author that this type of “judicial lawmaking” is based on the scientific discussion concept of integrative legal understanding, according to which the heterogeneous social phenomena – right and wrong – are synthesized in the unified system of law (for example, law and individual judicial acts, including those containing specific positions of the court).New concepts and their definitions have been introduced into scientific circulation. The author concludes that the “radical” kind of “judicial law-making” is theoretically debatable, and practically counterproductive.

Parliamentarism and the Legislative Branch

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
András Sajó ◽  
Renáta Uitz
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Legislative Branch ◽  
Effective Decision ◽  
The Law ◽  
Internal Operations ◽  
Effective Decision Making ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Law Making

This chapter examines the relationship between parliamentarism and the legislative branch. It explores the evolution of the legislative branch, leading to disillusionment with the rationalized law-making factory, a venture run by political parties beyond the reach of constitutional rules. The rise of democratically bred party rule is positioned between the forces favouring free debate versus effective decision-making in the legislature. The chapter analyses the institutional make-up and internal operations of the legislature, the role of the opposition in the legislative assembly, and explores the benefits of bicameralism for boosting the powers of the legislative branch. Finally, it looks at the law-making process and its outsourcing via delegating legislative powers to the executive.

Money laundering

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 346-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Ebikake
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Money Laundering ◽  
Legal Positivism ◽  
Soft Law ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Hard Law ◽  
The Law ◽  
Law Making

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide an assessment of soft law as a technique for repressive and preventive anti-money laundering control (hereinafter AMLC). Design/methodology/approach This article focuses heavily on understanding the nature of international anti-money laundering (AML) law-making process. The approach towards this question is interdisciplinary and looks at the treaty and non-treaty AML obligations through a prism of two theoretical lenses (legal positivism and liberal/legal process theory) to explain the role of soft law in the area. Findings Current international effort to combat money laundering (ML) is fragmented (as evident in the enormous variety of law-making processes), despite the role of soft law. Part of the problem is the divergent nature of domestic criminal legislation, which is reflected in the choice of predicate crime and a lack of procedural rule to identify and enforce the law at the state level. To address the limit of current efforts, the paper will propose a uniform codification of AML law directed by a more representative body or commission of experts offering means of restating, clarifying and revising the law authoritatively and systematically. Research limitations/implications The research is focused mainly on the theoretical issues relating to the subject of ML and less on any empirical case study. Practical implications The paper will focus on the role of soft law as a technique for repressive and preventive AMLC. Based on current analyses of the role of soft law as an alternative to hard law or as a complement to hard law (leading to greater cooperation), it attempts to outline the possible advantages and disadvantages that soft law could have in the context of AMLC. For example, the use of soft law promotes harmonisation of international AML standards through the Financial Action Task Force, while the role of the FATF remains unclear in international law. This is important for the purpose of responsibility, as the law on state responsibility clearly states when a State is responsible, in the event of a breach, and the consequence in international law. Social implications The implication of the paper is that it contributes to the on-going debate about the increasingly role of soft law-making in international law. Originality/value The research perspective to the study of ML is theoretical and focuses on the nature of the law.

IMPACT OF THE ROLE OF THE JURISPRUDENCE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION COURT OF JUSTICE IN THE FIELD OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-89
Author(s):  
Anna Kęskiewicz
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Environmental Law ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Union Law ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
The Law ◽  
Law Making

The use of dogmatic-legal, empirical and linguistic semantics methodology is focused on sharing for better understanding of the law. Therefore, views on European jurisprudence have been presented in the paper. Without a doubt, the law-making nature of European Union law takes into account the field of environmental protection. Articles in law define the tasks that are important from the point of view of European legislation. The written nature of these determinants of the reasoning of the possibilities of environmental protection plays an important role in the interpretation of environmental law.

scholarly journals KORUPSI LEGISLASI DALAM PEMBENTUKAN PERATURAN PERUNDANG-UNDANGAN

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 347
Author(s):  
Akhmad Adi Purawan
Keyword(s):  
Public Participation ◽  
Forming Mechanism ◽  
The Law ◽  
Law Making

<p>Meskipun Indonesia telah memiliki Undang-Undang Nomor 10 Tahun 2004 tentang Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang- undangan yang selanjutnya disempurnakan dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2011, tetapi kerawanan dalam proses pembentukan peraturan peraturan perundang-undangan yang mengarah pada bentuk perilaku koruptif masih terjadi. Dengan menggunakan metode yuridis normatif, studi ini mencari jawaban atas pertanyaan apakah pengaturan dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2011 telah mengantisipasi terjadinya korupsi legislasi dalam pembentukan peraturan perundang-undangan. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa secara normatif Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2011 sudah cukup antisipatif dalam menciptakan mekanisme pembentukan peraturan perundang-undangan yang mengarah pada bentuk pencegahan terhadap praktik korupsi legislasi. Namun, perwujudan pembentukan peraturan perundang- undangan yang baik dan bersih sangat tergantung pada kualitas pelaksanaannya. Dari lima tahapan pembentukan peraturan perundang-undangan, studi ini menemukan tahap perencanaan dan pembahasan mengandung kerawanan yang cukup tinggi, sedangkan pada tahap penyusunan, penetapan/pengesahan, dan pengundangan kecil kemungkinan terjadi. Untuk meminimalisasi peluang terjadinya korupsi legislasi, studi ini mengusulkan empat prinsip yang dapat diterapkan, meliputi ketatalaksanaan, profesionalitas, justifikasi, dan partisipasi publik.</p><p>Indonesia has Law Number 10 year 2004 on drafting of the laws then its superseded by Law Number 12 year 2011 but the vulnerability in the law making process that lead to corruptive behaviour remain happens. By using juridical normative methods, this study seeks answers whether the regulation in the Law Number 12 year 2011 have been anticipating for the vulnerability of legislative corruption in law making process. This study conclude that normatively Law Number 12 year 2011 has been quite anticipative in forming mechanism of law making process which is lead to prevent legislative corruption practices. However, the embodiment of clean and good establishment of legislation is depend on the quality of its implementation. Among the stages of law making process , this study found that planning and discussion stages are quite vulnerable to legislative corruption, while preparation, enactment, and promulgation less likely occured. In order to minimize possibility of legislative corruption, this study proposes four principles can be applied icluded the management, professionalism, justification, and public participation.</p>

7 Fishing and the Conservation of Marine Living Resources

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harrison James
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Marine Mammals ◽  
Code Of Conduct ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Fish Stocks ◽  
United Nations Convention ◽  
The Law ◽  
Regional Fisheries Management Organizations ◽  
Law Making

Chapter 7 reviews the legal framework for the regulation of fishing in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) and explains how States have developed additional rules and standards for the conservation of marine living resources at global and regional levels. In particular, the analysis considers the extent to which States have implemented a precautionary and ecosystems approach to fisheries, as well as how they have sought to adopt law-making techniques that overcome the challenges of regulating the open-access resources of the high seas. The chapter covers major developments in the international law of fisheries, including the Code of Conduct on Responsible Fisheries, the Fish Stocks Agreement, the Port State Measures Agreement, and the International Guidelines on Deep-Sea Fisheries. The role of Regional Fisheries Management Organizations (RFMOs) in implementing these instruments is considered a key feature of the law-making process. The chapter also addresses the specific regimes that apply to anadromous species, catadromous species, and marine mammals.

Prospects for the development of law-formation in Ukraine through the prism of the application of the prognostic method of research

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Taras Didych
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Temporal Properties ◽  
Qualitative State ◽  
The Law ◽  
The One ◽  
Cognitive Perspectives ◽  
Law Making

The author analyzes doctrinal approaches to characterizing the prospects for the development of law-formation in Ukraine. The methodological inadequacy of ensuring the study of the prospects of development of legal phenomena, including lawmaking, is noted. It is noted that law-formation as a socio-legal phenomenon is due to various factors of its development, is influenced by the peculiarities of society as a sphere of its existence, and the state as a central subject of law-making. This conditionality of the process of law formation characterizes such dialectical regularities as the presence of prospects for development and the ability to improve legally significant activities, including activities in the field of law enforcement. Prospects for the development of law-formation as its integral property, reflects the relevant qualitative changes in the process and content of the law-formation, occurring within the temporal boundaries and characterize the law-formation as a phenomenon that has the dynamics of its development. These characteristics of the law-formation are most thoroughly and comprehensively disclosed in terms of prognostic method of scientific research, because, on the one hand, based on temporal properties and due to relations between subjects, changes in their content that form the basis of law, and on the other hand, they are manifested at the level of legal institutions (the process of law-formation, norms of law, legal regulation, the subjective composition of law-making, etc.). In this regard, the issue of prospects for the development of lawmaking and ways to improve it in terms of improving the process of law formation, identification and consideration of objective laws of its development, improving the quality of law, the quality of its expression, the effectiveness of public relations is important. scientific rethinking in order to develop scientific knowledge about the prospects of law, ways to improve both the process of its formation and improve the quality of law itself. Based on the analysis of scholars' views on the problem of studying law-formation in modern conditions of development of Ukrainian society, the cognitive perspectives of application of the prognostic method of studying law-making in Ukraine are established. Prospects for the development and ways to improve law-formation as independent theoretical and legal aspects of knowledge of law education require the isolation and further application of the prognostic method of research, which is potentially able to: first, to reveal lawmaking through the prism of its development; secondly, to reveal in the most comprehensive way the objective and subjective aspects that determine the future qualitative state of the law-formation, to determine the ways of influencing the formation of law to increase its level; thirdly, to structure the development of law-formation in separate directions.

scholarly journals Kewenangan Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Aceh (Kajian Terhadap Pelaksanaan Fungsi Legislasi Tahun 2009-2016)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 320-338
Author(s):  
Faisal Faisal ◽  
Faisal A. Rani ◽  
Syarifuddin Hasyim
Keyword(s):  
Political Climate ◽  
Members Of Parliament ◽  
Legislative Body ◽  
Aceh Province ◽  
The Law ◽  
Formal Power ◽  
Executive Body

Pasal 23 ayat (1) huruf a Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2006 tentang Pemerintahan Aceh mengatur bahwa Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Aceh (DPRA) mempunyai kewenangan untuk memebentuk qanun Aceh yang dibahas dengan Gubernur untuk mendapat persetujuan bersama. Kinerja DPRA dalam menjalankan kewenangannya dalam bidang legislasi tersebut turut menentukan arah pembangunan dan arah kebijakan pemerintahan di Aceh. Banyak elemen-elemen publik yang menganggap kinerja DPRA sejak tahun 2009-2016 belum optimal. Hal ini tersebut sangat dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor. Peran pemerintah Aceh dalam proses pembentukan legislasi ikut berpengaruh terhadap kinerja DPRA dibidang legislasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan produktivitas DPRA periode 2009-2016 dalam bidang legislasi lemah, dimana dalam rentang waktu tersebut hampir setiap tahunnya DPRA tidak pernah mencapai target dalam pembentukan produk legislasi sesuai dengan jumlah rancangan prolega prioritas. Faktor yang mempengaruhi kinerja DPRA periode 2009-2016 dalam bidang legislasi yaitu faktor kekuasaan formal lembaga DPRA, kualitas anggota DPRA, kemauan dan ruang politik yang dimiliki DPRA dan iklim politik serta pola komunikasi yang dibangun DPRA dengan Pemerintah Aceh. Konsep persetujuan bersama yang dijalankan oleh DPRA bersama pemerintah Aceh dalam membentuk qanun sudah sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku.Article 23 point (1) (a) the Law Number 11 of 2006 on Government of Aceh regulate that the House of Representative of Aceh Province (DPRA) has authority to enact Qanun Aceh along with the Governor based on bilateral consent. DPRA’s performance in regard to its authority in legislation has influence to development and policy of Aceh’s Government. During 2009-2016, several public elements consider that DPRA is lack to perform its function as legislative body. This view is triggered by some factors. Also, the role of executive body in legislation process has influence to DPRA’s performance as bill maker. The research describes that the productivity of DPRA within 2009-2016 as legislature body is delicate. During this period, almost each year DPRA failed to reach quantity target to enact bills as mention in annual program of bills priority. The lack of performance of DPRA in operating its function as legislative board is affected by several factors, inter alia, the formal power of DPRA, the quality of Members of Parliament, willingness and political chance of DPRA, and political climate including the pattern of communication that has been constructed by the Aceh Parliament with the Aceh Government.

scholarly journals Precedensowy charakter uchwał Naczelnego Sądu Administracyjnego

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 35-49
Author(s):  
Piotr Krzeszowiak
Keyword(s):  
Case Law ◽  
Application Of Law ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
The Law ◽  
Administrative Courts ◽  
Law Making

Precedensal Character Resolution of the Supreme Administrative CourtThe article presents the issue of the precedent character of some resolutions of the Supreme Administrative Court. At the same time he deals with the law-making and the precedent role of administrative courts. It deals with the issues of contemporary law change, including the transition from the syllogistic to the paradigmatic application of law. In addition, it describes Competence of the Supreme Administrative Court to adopt resolutions aimed at clarifying legal provisions, the application of which has caused divergences in the case law of administrative courts. At the end of the article is presented a review of the resolutions of the Supreme Administrative Court in the author’s assessment of the precedent character.

scholarly journals Dedication to law and justice

1999 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 451-459
Author(s):  
Kosta Čavoški
Keyword(s):  
Moral Obligation ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Direct Application ◽  
Short Survey ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Law ◽  
Law And Justice

The author gives a short survey of the role of lawyers in the creation, interpretation and defense of law. Then, he marks dedication to law and justice as a fundamental quality of a lawyer. He points out examples of departure front this quality in the latest history and current practice of the Yugoslav judiciary, but also examples of its affirmation and resistance to attempted abuse of court by individual members of the law profession. The author also analyzes the problem of incongruity of the old and repressive provisions of certain laws with liberal provisions of the Constitution and advocates a direct application of the Constitution, which is, according to him, a legal and moral obligation of a judge.

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