scholarly journals Vegetation cover and small mammals as the components of biocoenosis in the conditions of the Volga Upland

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
Elena Evgenievna Boryakova
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Distinct Group ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Oak Forest ◽  
The Village

The study of the nature reserve oak forest near the village of Pelya-Khovanskaya ecosystem was done in the region of Nizhny Novgorod. The investigated wood is unique for its complex structure. It is situated in the forest-steppe zone, characterized by a high species diversity of small mammals and vegetation, which indicates the complexity of trophic and spatial connections. Several series of sample plots were described: 41 of 2020 m and a number of 11 m sites, totaling 300. Abundance of species by Brown-Blanke scale and the number of specimens of adolescence were specified for each 1 sq. m. plot. Mammals were trapped with the help of trapping grooves and transects method. Vegetation cover is characterized by the presence of a clear intra-differentiation as well as the existence of two basic ecologo-coenotic groups/cores - the nemoral (with Pulmonaria obscura Dum. as the center species of the core) and the meadow-fringe. The most distinct group is formed by forest-shoot species. It can be explained by more forest-steppe rather than nemoral nature of vegetation. Small mammals are represented by the following species: common and small shrews, small forest mouse, yellow-throated and field mice and harvest mouse, vole-housekeeper, common, plowed and red voles, European mole. Two species among them - vole-housekeeper and mouse-baby - are listed in the Red Book of the Nizhny Novgorod Region. Matching burrows of mouse-like rodents with soil richness with nitrogen and humidity, two well-defined peaks are observed. The greatest number of burrows is found in places where the soil is high in nitrogen. Moles were found in areas with a large projective coating of Primula veris: coefficient Spearman rank 0,50. There was a negative correlation of the number of moles and vegetation covering of Pyrethrum corymbosum (-0,46), which is the marker of the driest parts in the forest. In general, the nature reserve oak forest near the village of Pelya-Khovanskaya is of considerable interest, both from botanical and from zoological point of view. Long-term studies of biocoenosis will allow to monitor the facility and to correct the proposed protective measures.

scholarly journals Geobotanical characteristics of psammophytic steppes of the Penza region in the Ardym river basin

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-47
Author(s):  
L. A. Novikova ◽  
◽  
S. N. Artemova ◽  
V. K. Makuev ◽  
E. Y. Yakovlev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Anthropogenic Effects ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Anthropogenic Influence ◽  
Erosion Process ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Middle Volga

The research is devoted to the study of poorly preserved psammophytic variants of meadow steppes in the forest-steppe zone of the Middle Volga Region. It has allowed to define the main stages of re-establishment of vegetational cover and estimate the conservation prospects on the river Ardym in different ecological conditions (geomorphological and edaphyc). It has been established that the re-establishment of psammophytic steppes vegetation occurs in a similar way both on the slopes of the predominantly southern exposition and on watershed surfaces. However, in the absence of anthropogenic effects on watershed surfaces, there is a sylvatization of the vegetation cover resulting in displacement of psammophytic steppes. Only the constantly occurring weak natural erosion processes on the slopes of the predominantly southern exposition contribute to the preservation of these rare communities here. Under intense anthropogenic influence, as well as in the conditions of a significant erosion process, the psammophytic steppes fail to be preserved or replaced by steppe meadows.

scholarly journals The latitudinal distribution of vegetation cover in Siberia

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 00047
Author(s):  
Irina Safronova ◽  
Tatiana Yurkovsksya
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Coniferous Forests ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Taiga Zone ◽  
Eastern Siberia ◽  
Central Siberia ◽  
Zonal Vegetation ◽  
North Eastern

The latitudinal changes of vegetation cover on the plains of Siberia are observed. In Western Siberia there are 4 zones (tundra and taiga, and forest-steppe and steppe only here), in Central and North-Eastern Siberia − only 2 zones (tundra and taiga).Tundra zone is represented by 4 subzones in Central Siberia; in Western and North-Eastern Siberia − by 3 subzones (there are no polar subzone). All 5 subzones of the taiga zone are distinguished both in Western Siberia and in the Central Siberia, but in the Central Siberia, forests are found in very high latitudes. The feature of the taiga zone of Western Siberia is high paludification. As a result, the vegetation of mires dominates over the zonal vegetation. Zonal West Siberian types are dark coniferous forests. Light coniferous forests predominate in the taiga zone of Central and North-Eastern Siberia. In the forest-steppe zone in Western Siberia forests are small-leaved − birch, aspen-birch (Betula pendula, Populus tremula). The abundance of mires is the feature of this zone, as well as in the taiga.

scholarly journals Vegetation cover of riparian and coastal zones of forest swamps in the Slobozhansky National Nature Park (structural features and direction of transformation)

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Calluna Vulgaris ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Coastal Zones ◽  
Gis Applications ◽  
Nature Park

This article is devoted to study the characteristics of ecological-cenotic structure and directions of vegetation cover transformations in riparian and coastal zones of forest swamps within the forest-steppe zone (north-western part of Kharkiv Oblast, Ukraine). The survey has been conducted in 2013–2018 in the territory of the Slobozhansky National Natural Park. Plant communities were surveyed both in phanerophyte and grass biotopes types, having different genesis and degree of disturbance (from terrestrial to aquatic, from native to artificially created forest plantations). A number of regionally rare plant species were identified in their composition (Dryopteris carthusiana (Vill.) H.P.Fuchs, Majanthemum bifolium (L.) F.W.Schmidt, Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull, Equisetum sylvaticum L., Potentilla erecta (L.) Raeusch., Rubus saxatilis L., Eriophorum angustifolium Honck., E. vaginatum L., Drosera rotundifolia L., Nymphaea candida C.Presl, Utricularia vulgaris L.) and U. minor L. – a species listed in the Red Book of Ukraine. Route and stationary techniques of field surveys were used for clarification the general features of horizontal vegetation structural organization, as well as for studying the effect of environmental factors on state and stability of plant communities. Usage of mobile GIS applications in geodata collection and their further processing in ArcMap project allowed us to develop a large-scale geobotanical map (1:1500) as an area of permanent botanical survey (1.9 ha). According to the results of phytoindication, indicators of 7 environmental edaphotop regimes in 25 plant communities studied (objects of mapping and further monitoring) have been identified. Based on the geobotanical map, integration of data on the intensity of vegetation transformation have been conducted. It was found that plant communities ІV (the highest) and III degrees of transformation cover an area more than 0.6 hectares (one third of the total plot area). These communities were occurred mainly in phanerophyte-type biotopes (aspen, willow, birch, and, partly, pine), which have been affected by pyrogenic and biogenic factors. The GIS-project created as a result of the study serves as a geo-information base that can be further improved and used to solve other applied problems.

scholarly journals The content of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b in leaves of undergrowth species in hornbeam-oak forest stands of the forest-steppe zone in Western Ukraine

2018 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Zaïka ◽  
Taras Bondarenko
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Oak Forest ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
Pigment Complex ◽  
Western Ukraine

Abstract In this study, the biosynthesis of the plastid pigments chlorophyll a and b was examined for the most common shrubs in hornbeam-oak forest stands of the Western forest-steppe zone of Ukraine. The characteristics of the pigments’ biosynthesis were determined in terms of plant species, vegetation period and growth conditions (under canopy cover and out in the open). The gathered data on the changes of the pigment complex with respect to the examined variables confirms the sensitivity of plastid pigment biosynthesis to environmental factors.

scholarly journals The Sites of the Early Nomads on the North-East Periphery of the Sarmatian World

2019 ◽  
pp. 97-109
Author(s):  
Aleksander Tairov
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Ural Region ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Burial Site ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Burial Rites ◽  
Chelyabinsk Region

The paper publishes new materials of the early Sarmatian time from the North-East periphery of the Sarmatian World – the Southern forest-steppe and steppe zones of the Trans-Ural region within the bounds of the modern Chelyabinsk region. The territory of the Southern forest-steppe is represented by the materials of the ruined burial, which is situated on the shore of the lake Smolino within the bounds of Chelyabinsk. It is dated by the early 4th century BC. There are three accidental finds from this region: iron daggers as well. The daggers with curved bar-shaped pommels and arcuate cross-guards are classified as daggers of “transitional type” and are dated by the 4th century BC. The third dagger with a semicircular pommel and a straight cross-guard is included in the group of classical Prokhorovka daggers and is dated the 3rd – 2nd centuries BC. This paper presents the materials of two peculiar burial complexes from the steppe zone of the Southern Trans-Urals. The burial near Mogutovka village is the only one burial (without a barrow) of the early Sarmatian time, which was investigated in the Southern Trans-Ural region. It is situated on the first terrace above the floodplain of the Kamysty-Ayat river. The localization of the burial is not typical for the sites of the early Trans-Ural nomads of the 1st millennium BC. The early Sarmatian burial of the 3rd – 2nd centuries BC was excavated in Druzhinskiy burial site. It was made in the burial pit, which combines signs of a catacomb and an alcove. A child buried here was dressed in a shirt, whose collar and sleeves were decorated with beading. Publishing materials will help to expand the point of view on burial rites and material culture of the early Trans-Ural nomads of the early Sarmatian time, which exists in scientific literature.

Vegetation classification of the Voronezhsky Nature Reserve

2009 ◽  
pp. 63-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Starodubtseva ◽  
L. G. Khanina
Keyword(s):  
Classification System ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Alnus Glutinosa ◽  
Vegetation Classification ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Ground Vegetation ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Reserve Area ◽  
Species Groups

Voronezhsky nature reserve is situated in the forest-steppe zone of European Russia, on the border between Lipetsk and Voronezh regions. The reserve was estab­lished in 1923; the total area of the reserve is 31 053 ha. We have created the vegetation classification system for the reserve on basis of 1058 phytocoenotic relevés processing. Phytocoenotic relevés have been collected since 1929 by different generations of researchers. All relevés were included into the data processing. Five forest vegetation formations and one herbaceous formation were described. According to the reserve’s forest inventory from 1991, Pinussylvestris formation occupies 32.3% of the reserve area, broad-leaved forest (oak forest) formation — 29.3, Populus tremula formation — 19.3, birch forest formation — 5.7, and Alnus glutinosa formation — 5.2 correspondingly. Her­baceous formation covers 3 % of the area in dry, moderate moistened and moist soils, and swamps occupy 2.5 % of the reserve area (they are not described here). Within the bounds of the vegetation formations, we have distinguished the vegetation association groups on the basis of ground vegetation functional group composition and ordination (DCA) technique. 8 functional species groups (ecologic-coenotic species groups) were used for the classification. The ecologic-coenotic species groups were as follows: 1) nemoral, 2) boreal, 3) nitrophilous, 4) pine-forest, 5) meadow-forest edge, 6) steppe, 7) oligotrophic, and 8) water-swamp. Totally we have described 23 vegetation asso­ciation groups united into the 9 ecologic-coenotic types of vegetation cover. 4 vegetation association groups were described for the herbaceous formation. We described in detail vegetation association groups inclu­ding species, structural diversity and the ecological position calculated by Tsyganov’s ecological species values. We also discuss the group’s history and the succession status. Finally, we have compared the proposed vegetation classification system for the re­serve with some other classification systems.

scholarly journals Aggressive behaviour of Robins Erithacus rubecula (Passeriformes, Muscicapidae) at watering places in the forest steppe zone of Ukraine

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. O. Markova
Keyword(s):  
Aggressive Behaviour ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Parus Major ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Critical Distance ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Ficedula Albicollis ◽  
Erithacus Rubecula

283 The purpose of this research was to study interspecific and intra-specific aggressive reactions of Robins (Erithacus rubecula L.) at watering places in natural and anthropogenically pressured areas. The study took place in Kaniv Nature Reserve, Cherkassy region, in May-June 2010, 2012 and 2014 and the state dendrology park “Oleksandriya” of the National Academy of Science in Bila Tserkva. The observation of the birds’ behavior was performed using the ethological methods of “total observation” and “continuous logging”. In order to calculate the critical distance at which a bird shows aggression, the watering areas studied were divided into 1 x 1 m squares. It was found that aggressive intersspecific actions of Robins were more frequent in the natural habitat of Kaniv Reserve while intraspecific aggression was more frequent in the dendrology park. It was noticed that Robins responded aggressively to 12 species of birds in the Kaniv Natur Reserve site. Those species were: Song Thrush (Turdus philomelos), Blackbird (T. merula), Great Tit (Parus major), BlueTit (P. caeruleus), Marsh Tit (P. palustris), Chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs), Hawfinch (Coccothraustes coccothraustes), Icterine Warbler (Hippolais icterina), Wood Warbler (Phylloscopus sibilatrix), Blackcap (Sylvia atricapilla), Collared Flycatcher (Ficedula albicollis) and Spotted Flycatcher (Muscicapa striata). Most often, aggression was directed to individuals that were already at a watering place rather than birds which arrived after the Robins. Besides, Robins frequently initiate aggressive relations. An inverse correlation of aggressive acts and the size parameters of the species, which were objects of Robins’ aggression, was observed. A success rating of Robins’ defence and attack in aggressive relations in Kaniv Nature Reserve was established: Robins were always successful in protecting its territory or attacking an Icterine Warbler and Chiffchaff, and always fails in defending agianst or attacking a Blackbird. The rating in contact with Spotted Flycatcher was zero. The critical distance of aggressive behaviour in intraspecific contacts at watering places was 40–50 cm, while for interspecific contacts it varied from5 cm to2 m. Our research emphasizes the importance of long-term research and multivariate approaches for understanding the complexity of dominance relations in birds.

scholarly journals The current state of Polypodium vulgare L. and Ptilium crista-castrensis (Hedw.) De Not. populations on the territory of the nature reserve «Racheyskie Rocks» (Syzran District of the Samara Region)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Polina Valerievna Grudanova ◽  
Evgeniy Sergeevich Korchikov
Keyword(s):  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Mountain Forest ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Red Data Book ◽  
Current State ◽  
Data Book ◽  
First Time ◽  
New Location

This paper presents data on the new location of the moss Ptilium crista-castrensis (Hedw.) De Not, which is listed in the Red Data Book of the Samara Region on the territory of the nature reserve Racheyskie Rocks in the Syzran district. 10 of its coenopopulation loci have been identified and the exact geographic coordinates are given. For the first time the exact coordinates of 11 coenopopulation loci are also named for the holarctic mountain-forest relict fern Polypodium vulgare L., which is also protected at the regional level, both of these species have a mosaic structure of coenopopulations confined to confluent sandstones as a substrate for growth. It has been revealed that the ecological preferences of these species are very close, however, Polypodium vulgare is more shade-tolerant and it can be called a scioheliophyte, in contrast to the heliophyte Ptilium crista-castrensis . The Polypodium requires more humid and shaded conditions for its normal existence. When growing in the forest-steppe zone, where humidity is often a limiting factor, Ptilium crista-castrensis and Polypodium vulgare can form a significant projective cover (more than 30%) only in the northern and northeastern exposures of the substrate, but only with an enhanced light regime in the phytocoenosis at the density of the stand that is not more than 0,3.

scholarly journals Fishing of Tatars of the Irtysh Forest-Steppe Region in the 19th — Early 21st Centuries

2021 ◽  
pp. 403-421
Author(s):  
M. N. Tikhomirova ◽  
K. N. Tikhomirov
Keyword(s):  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
The Past ◽  
Steppe Region ◽  
Drying Up ◽  
Irtysh River ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Village

The issues of fishing among the West Siberian Tatars living on the territory of the Omsk region in the forest-steppe zone on the left bank of the Irtysh River are considered. The authors dwell on the characteristics of the traditional aquatic areas of the XIX — early XXI century, fishing objects, tools and methods of fishing. It is proved that the fishing of the Tatars in these settlements was an auxiliary branch of the economy in the past and present. It was shown that they fished almost all year round, mainly on lakes, where the main object of fishing was crucian carp. It is concluded that fishing was more developed among residents of settlements in the area of the village of Yalankul. It is shown that the Tatars of the villages in the area of the Ulenkul village are now less engaged in it because of the drying up of water bodies, as well as because of the withdrawal of lakes from nature management for transfer to the hunting farm and the reserve. The novelty of the research is seen in filling the gaps in the study of this topic. The authors note that material was collected about the fishing of the population, which previously consisted mainly of Siberian Bukharians and was actually assimilated by the Tatars.

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