scholarly journals Construction features of the dwelling at the early Neolithic site Baibek in the North Caspian Sea Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-191
Author(s):  
Tatiana Yuryevna Grechkina ◽  
Aleksander Alekseevich Vybornov ◽  
Yurii Sergeevich Lebedev
Keyword(s):  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Faunal Remains ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Spores And Pollen ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Neolithic Site ◽  
The North ◽  
Definition Of

This work studies construction features of the dwelling discovered at the Neolithic site Baibek. Detailed recorded data made it possible to determine its dimensions, shape and structural components. The layer by layer analysis gave grounds to reconstruct its origin and development. Pottery and stone tools, as well as other materials of the cultural layer found in the dwelling pit are similar to the materials of the Kairshak type of the Neolithic in the Northern Caspian Sea Region. A series of radiocarbon dates establishes the chronological interval of the dwelling functioning: the first quarter of the VI millennium BC. The results of spores and pollen analysis indicate the paleogeographic background at that time. The definition of faunal remains indicates the leading hunting species: onager, red deer, corsac, saiga; fish (sterlet, perch, pike, common carp, pike perch) were caught both in open and in closed reservoirs. Judging by the analysis of the crust on the inner side of the vessels, signs of animal and plant food preparation have been established. The studied dwelling complements the characteristics of the Neolithic culture of the Kairshak type bearers and possibly marks the beginning of the transition of the population to a certain sedentary life. In addition, the information obtained gives reasons to speak about the appearance of dwellings in the region of interest starting from the early Neolithic.

scholarly journals The Neolithic Site of Serra Cicora: Results of the AMS Radiocarbon Dating

Radiocarbon ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Quarta ◽  
M D'Elia ◽  
E Ingravallo ◽  
I Tiberi ◽  
L Calcagnile
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
Late Neolithic ◽  
Ams Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Neolithic Site ◽  
New Information ◽  
Definition Of

Bone and charcoal samples from the Neolithic site of Serra Cicora in the Salento Peninsula (southern Italy) have been dated by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). Measurements appear to support other archaeological evidence and have shown that 2 distinct phases of human occupation of the site can be identified: the first occupation in the Early Neolithic and a second occupation in the Middle-Late Neolithic. The results provide new information and are a fundamental contribution to the definition of the absolute chronology of the Middle-Late Neolithic in this part of Europe.

scholarly journals UAV SURVEYING FOR A COMPLETE MAPPING AND DOCUMENTATION OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL FINDINGS. THE EARLY NEOLITHIC SITE OF PORTONOVO

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B1 ◽  
pp. 1149-1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. S. Malinverni ◽  
C. Conati Barbaro ◽  
R. Pierdicca ◽  
C. A. Bozzi ◽  
A. N. Tassetti
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Aerial Survey ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Neolithic Site ◽  
Complete Mapping ◽  
Close Range ◽  
Definition Of

The huge potential of 3D digital acquisition techniques for the documentation of archaeological sites, as well as the related findings, is almost well established. In spite of the variety of available techniques, a sole documentation pipeline cannot be defined a priori because of the diversity of archaeological settings. Stratigraphic archaeological excavations, for example, require a systematic, quick and low cost 3D single-surface documentation because the nature of stratigraphic archaeology compels providing documentary evidence of any excavation phase. Only within a destructive process each single excavation cannot be identified, documented and interpreted and this implies the necessity of a re- examination of the work on field. In this context, this paper describes the methodology, carried out during the last years, to 3D document the Early Neolithic site of Portonovo (Ancona, Italy) and, in particular, its latest step consisting in a photogrammetric aerial survey by means of UAV platform. It completes the previous research delivered in the same site by means of terrestrial laser scanning and close range techniques and sets out different options for further reflection in terms of site coverage, resolution and campaign cost. With the support of a topographic network and a unique reference system, the full documentation of the site is managed in order to detail each excavation phase; besides, the final output proves how the 3D digital methodology can be completely integrated with reasonable costs during the excavation and used to interpret the archaeological context. Further contribution of this work is the comparison between several acquisition techniques (i.e. terrestrial and aerial), which could be useful as decision support system for different archaeological scenarios. The main objectives of the comparison are: i) the evaluation of 3D mapping accuracy from different data sources, ii) the definition of a standard pipeline for different archaeological needs and iii) the provision of different level of detail according to the user needs.

scholarly journals Lockerbie AcademyNeolithic and Early Historic timber halls, a Bronze Age cemetery, an undated enclosure and a post-medieval corn-drying kiln in south-west Scotland

2011 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magnus Kirby ◽  
Sue Anderson ◽  
Mhairi Hastie ◽  
Adam Jackson ◽  
Melanie Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Poor Survival ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
South West ◽  
East End ◽  
The Bronze Age ◽  
Early Historic

Trial trenching carried out by CFA Archaeology Ltd in 2006 to the north of Lockerbie Academy identified four areas of archaeological significance covering a timescale from early Neolithic to post-medieval periods. The earliest site identified was the remains of a Neolithic timber hall, which was situated on top of the flat plateau towards the northwest end of the site (Area A). Pottery recovered from the Neolithic structure was of the Carinated Bowl ceramic tradition.At the summit of the rounded knoll in the centre of the area (Area D) a Bronze Age phase consisting of a cremation and inhumation cemetery enclosed by a possible ring-cairn was identified. The Bronze Age cemetery included a Collared Urn and a copper alloy dagger of Butterwick type.At the base of the rounded knoll, the remains of an Early Historic timber hall were identified (Area C). This Anglian timber hall reoccupied the site of a post-built structure, which was interpreted as a timber hall, possibly belonging to an earlier British tradition. Radiocarbon dates taken from the primary fill of two of the post-holes of the earlier structure gave dates which are broadly contemporary with the dates obtained for the Anglian hall, suggesting that the post-built structure immediately preceded it.A corn-drying kiln was identified cut into the same knoll as the Bronze Age cemetery (Area D) and has been dated to the late medieval or early post-medieval period.A segmented ditched enclosure was located towards the north-east end of the site (Area B), but the poor survival of this feature combined with a lack of finds and palaeobotanical evidence means that it remains undated and poorly understood.

scholarly journals DISTRIBUTION OF CASPIAN SPRATS IN THE NORTH-WESTERN PART OF THE CASPIAN SEA (BASED ON RESULTS OF HYDROACOUSTIC RESEARCH IN NOVEMBER 2018)

2019 ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
Tatiana Vasilievna Pomogaeva
Keyword(s):  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Bottom Layer ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
The North ◽  
Study Results

Since Caspian sprat today is a reserve fishery object, hydroacoustic studies are the main purpose of solving the problem of estimating concentrations, areas and terms of the organization of the Russian marine fishery. A promising fishing area is the region of the middle part of the Caspian Sea, off the Dagestan coast, which has been studied since 2011. As it was found during previous studies, the densest sprat schools form in the autumn period in the bottom layer. The present research focuses on Caspian sprat distribution in the western part of the Middle Caspian in November 2018. Hydroacoustic tacks covered a water area of 630 NM. The echo recordings of hydroacoustic surveys covering the water area at the depths 20-60 m were analyzed. The recordings were studied considering the response of sprat to the day and night light. Processing of hydroacoustic data was carried out in several stages: analytical viewing of echograms purposed to identify specific features of sprat; recording minimum and maximum values of echo intensity depending on the depth; data post-processing in SIMRAD BI-60 program. The distribution of Caspian sprats is represented totally from the water surface to the ground, and layer by layer, in layers of 10 meters from the water surface. It has been stated that in the surface layer there are practically no sprat schools. The maximum value of the average density (8.7 t / mile2) was registered in the bottom layer (40-50 m). The study results can be used in organization of Russian sprats fishing in the Caspian Sea.

scholarly journals Stepping Stones to the Neolithic? Radiocarbon Dating the Early Neolithic on Islands Within the ‘Western Seaways’ of Britain

2017 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
pp. 97-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duncan Garrow ◽  
Seren Griffiths ◽  
Hugo Anderson-Whymark ◽  
Fraser Sturt
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Stepping Stones ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Literal Sense ◽  
The North ◽  
Outer Hebrides ◽  
Absolute Dating ◽  
Radiocarbon Chronology

The western seaways – an arc of sea stretching from the Channel Islands in the south, up through the Isles of Scilly, the Isle of Man, and the Outer Hebrides to Orkney in the north – have long been seen as crucial to our understanding of the processes which led to the arrival of the Neolithic in Britain and Ireland in the centuries around 4000 cal bc. The western seaways have not, however, been considered in detail within any of the recent studies addressing the radiocarbon chronology of the earliest Neolithic in that wider region. This paper presents a synthesis of all existing 5th and 4th millennia cal bc radiocarbon dates from islands within the western seaways, including 50 new results obtained specifically for this study. While the focus here is insular in a literal sense, the project’s results have far reaching implications for our understanding of the Mesolithic–Neolithic transition in Britain and Ireland and beyond. The findings broadly fit well with the Gathering Time model of Whittle et al., suggesting that the earliest dated Neolithic in this zone falls into the c. 3900–3700 cal bc bracket. However, it is also noted that our current chronological understanding is based on comparatively few dates spread across a large area. Consequently, it is suggested that both further targeted work and an approach that incorporates an element of typo-chronology (as well as absolute dating) is necessary if we are to move forward our understanding of the processes associated with the appearance of the first Neolithic material culture and practices in this key region.

scholarly journals Sosruco Rockshelter: revision of materials of the excavation by S.N. Zamiatnin and the Upper Horizons Radiocarbon Chronology

2021 ◽  
pp. 101-119
Author(s):  
Elena Leonova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Age ◽  
Faunal Remains ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Late Upper Palaeolithic ◽  
Absolute Age ◽  
Radiocarbon Chronology

The new radiocarbon dates were obtained from samples of the collections from the excavations by S.N. Zamyatnin in 1955–1957 of the Sosruko Rockshelter in the Elbrus region. The Sosruko Rockshelter is a multi-layered site containing cultural horizons of the Iron Age, Mesolithic and Late Upper Palaeolithic. Clear stratigraphy of the Stone Age layers and representative collections were used to create periodization schemes of the development and change of the lithic industries of the late Pleistocene — early Holocene of the Caucasus. But the lack of radiocarbon dating did not allow determining their absolute age. Three samples of faunal remains of layers M1, M2 and M3 were analyzed. Obtained four radiocarbon AMS dates are in agreement not only with the sequence of deposits in the Rockshelter, but also with the data obtained for similar typological collections of the North-West Caucasus synchronous sites.

scholarly journals New Data on the Economic Activity of Ancient Population on the Little Sea of Lake Baikal (Based on Fauna Materials from the Shrakshura 3 Site)

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 3-11
Author(s):  
A. G. Novikov ◽  
◽  
O. I. Goriunova ◽  
D. G. Malikov ◽  
A. M. Mamontov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lake Baikal ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Cultural Layer ◽  
Faunal Remains ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Ancient Population ◽  
Coastal Species ◽  
Layer 2

The article discusses the results of fauna materials' analysis from the complexes of the Shrakshura 3 site, situated on the northwestern coast of Mukhor Bay (Little Sea of Lake Baikal). The analysis of 5862 animals’ bones and teeth obtained from three cultural layers of this site was carried out. The methodology is based on the taxonomic diversity study among identifiable animal species, the number of species and their quantitative indicators. Most of the fauna remains (5137 pieces) is recorded in the cultural layer 2, dating back to the early Neolithic in the chronological range of 7420–7290 cal BP. The fauna remains of the Early Neolithic cultural layer 1 (7170–6970 cal BP) are similar in species composition to the fauna from the layer 2. Judging by both the faunal remains and a set of tools (sinkers for fishing nets made of flat pebbles, composite fish hooks, fragments of bait fish and a horn tool for knitting nets), the Early Neolithic population of the e site was mainly engaged in fishing. The fish is represented by coastal species: perch, pike, roach, crucian carp. Fishing gear made it possible to reconstruct the methods of fish catching: with a net (as better productive method) and with the help of individual use tools (fishing rods). Hunting was a secondary activity. The objects of hunting were ungulates, carnivorous mammals, and birds. In general, the population led a complex appropriating economy, combining fishing (as the main activity) and hunting. The absence of traces of dwellings, long-term fireplaces and production area in the layers characterizes these complexes as short-term seasonal campsites. The large number of fish bones suggests a specialized (aimed at catching fish) nature of the campsites. In the complex of cultural layer 0 of the Shrakshura 3 site, dated back to the Late Bronze and Iron Ages, the bones of domestic animals were recorded. In general, the clear stratigraphic situation of the Shrakshura 3 site and the presence of radiocarbon dates helps to identify and characterize the Early Neolithic fauna remains in the range of the 7420–6970 cal BP, as well as to reconstruct the economic activities of the ancient population of this chronological period, living on the coast of Little Sea of Lake Baikal. Previously, all reconstructions were based only on materials of Ityrkhei site, where layers of the Early Neolithic were recorded.

scholarly journals New data about the early Neolithic of the steppe Volga Region

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-204
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Ivanovich Yudin ◽  
Aleksandr Alekseevich Vybornov
Keyword(s):  
Organic Materials ◽  
Lower Layer ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Late Neolithic ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Technological Analysis

The issue of early Neolithic isolation in various territories is one of the most difficult to study. The early Neolithic steppe Volga Region was unknown for a long time. This is due to the small number of Neolithic monuments in the region of interest. The situation changed after the study of the Varfolomeevskaya site. The lower layer of this reference monument of the Orel culture belonged to the Middle Neolithic, layers 2B and 2A - to the late Neolithic. This version was based on a limited source base and a few radiocarbon dates, some of which were of a debatable nature. New field surveys in 2014-2017 on three excavations in Oroshaemoe Settlement and significant series of radiocarbon dates for various organic materials obtained in various laboratories (including AMS) allowed us to revise the periodization of both the Varfolomeevskaya site and the Oryol culture on the whole. This allows you to make a typological analysis of materials, as well as technical and technological analysis of ceramic implements. Thus, the earliest ceramics are made from silt with a natural admixture of shells of mollusks. The lower layer of the monument is now defined as Early Neolithic, layer 2B - the Middle Neolithic, layer 2A - late Neolithic.

An Early Neolithic Site at Hockham, Norfolk

1924 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-95
Author(s):  
W. G. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
The Other ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Neolithic Site ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
South West ◽  
River Valleys ◽  
North And South ◽  
Late Palaeolithic

In an arid district like Breckland, the vicinity of the meres, which provided a water-supply, fish, fowl and molluscs, remote from river-valleys, was eminently suitable for settlements of prehistoric man. Pile-dwellings have been found in two of the Wretham Park meres, and there are evidences of settlements on a small plateau on the east shore of Fowlmere, a similar plateau on the north-east bank of Langmere, and the north and south shores of Ringmere. The bed of Langmere confirms the evidence of an important settlement. The southern portion contains quantities of pot-boilers and a bank projecting into the mere from the south-west corner of the island seems to be chiefly made of pot-boilers. Many flakes, of types and patinas similar to those recorded hereafter, are also found in the bed of Langmere, and on its shores. Flakes and pot-boilers have also been found near most of the other meres, and Dr. Marr has described (Proc. Vol. I., p. 374) “A Late Palæolithic Site on Wretham Heath,” east of Langmere.

scholarly journals New Research on the Early Neolithic Enclosed Settlement Kayukovo-2 in the North of Western Siberia

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 109-124
Author(s):  
Oleg V. Kardash ◽  
Nataliia M. Chairkina ◽  
Ekaterina N. Dubovtseva ◽  
Henny Piezonka
Keyword(s):  
Western Siberia ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Formation Continue ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
The North ◽  
Specific Shape ◽  
New Research ◽  
Complex Architecture

Purpose. The article presents results of new research at one of the most prominent Early Neolithic enclosed settlements in the North of Western Siberia – the stronghold of Kayukovo-2, which is characterized by a regular architectural plan with one central and five surrounding buildings, pottery of a specific shape and type, including flat as well as conical bases and complex ornamentation, and an original complex of stone artefacts. Results. In 2018, the investigation of building structure no. 4 was continued; for the reconstruction of the paleo-landscape, soil samples were investigated in the adjacent peatland, new radiocarbon dates were obtained, and analyses of the material complex represented by fragments of ceramics, products from clay-like raw materials and clay, stone artefacts, and clusters of small bone fragments was carried out. Building no. 4 was identified as a semi-sunken dwelling structure with a hearth in the centre, a small connecting corridor to building no. 7, and a link to the large central building no. 6. In 2019, new trenches confirmed the existence of a ditch circumscribing the settlement complex. Palaeoenvironmental research shows that during the period of use of the site, the closest water body was located c. 100 m from the terrace shore. The radiocarbon dates available up to now indicate a time of functioning of the ancient settlement in the first centuries of the 6th millennium cal BC. The ceramic material belongs to the complex of early flat-based hunter-gatherer pottery of Western Siberia, a tradition which probably spread from the Baraba forest-steppe and the Ishim region to the Northern Trans-Urals around 6000 cal BC. Conclusion. The reasons for the emergence of the northernmost fortified settlements in Eurasia among hunter-gatherer communities with complex architecture and specific ceramics, the role of internal socio-cultural mechanisms and external influences, and environmental factors in their formation continue to be under discussion and require further research.

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