scholarly journals Dynamics of bone tissue metabolism in the complex treatment of chronic posttraumatic osteomyelitis of long bones

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
Archil V. Tsiskarashvili ◽  
Svetlana S. Rodionova ◽  
Sergey P. Mironov ◽  
Dmitry S. Gorbatyuk ◽  
Alexander Yu. Taraskin
Keyword(s):  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Long Bones ◽  
Posttraumatic Osteomyelitis ◽  
Therapy Regimen ◽  
Metabolic Therapy ◽  
Complex Therapy ◽  
Post Traumatic

Introduction: Chronic post-traumatic osteomyelitis is a complex problem of modern traumatology and orthopedics, affecting, in addition to medical, social and economic aspects of healthcare. When planning treatment, it is necessary to take into account the metabolic state of the bone tissue, since the effect of an infectious pathogen goes far beyond the classical lytic process, disrupting the balance of bone formation and bone resorption in various ways. The study is devoted to the study of the dynamics of parameters reflecting the metabolism of bone tissue in patients receiving complex therapy for chronic post-traumatic osteomyelitis of long bones. Aim: To study the dynamics of metabolic disorders of bone tissue in patients with orthopedic infection of long bones and large joints under conditions of ongoing complex etiotropic and compensatory therapy for 6 months, the timing of bone tissue consolidation within 2 years from the moment of surgery. Materials and methods: The study was prospective, observational, comparative, exploratory, involving 138 patients with post-traumatic chronic osteomyelitis of the long bones. Complex therapy included a combination of surgical treatment with antibacterial, anti-inflammatory therapy and drug correction of the revealed disorders of bone metabolism. The timing of the consolidation of bone defects after treatment and the dynamics of indicators of bone metabolism were studied. Results: The similarity of the periods of consolidation of different segments in the conditions of the described therapy was shown; the time period corresponding to the most pronounced dynamics of changes (correction) of violations was determined (3 months from the beginning of treatment); shows the effectiveness of metabolic therapy for the treatment of osteoarticular infections in various anatomical segments of the extremities. The results corresponds both to the results of the previous study and to the pathophysiological aspects of bone metabolism described in the literature. Conclusion: the timing of consolidation in the treatment of metabolic disorders is generally similar; the greatest changes in the parameters of bone metabolism are recorded within 3 months after the start of therapy. Also, the metabolic therapy regimen can be considered as universal for all segments.

scholarly journals Case study of radial fibrolamellar bone tissues in the outer cortex of basal sauropods

2020 ◽  
Vol 375 (1793) ◽  
pp. 20190143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Jentgen-Ceschino ◽  
Koen Stein ◽  
Valentin Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Periosteal Reaction ◽  
Bone Histology ◽  
Long Bones ◽  
Pathological Feature ◽  
Bone Surface ◽  
Theme Issue ◽  
Outer Cortex ◽  
Aggressive Form

The histology of sauropod long bones often appears uniform and conservative along their evolutionary tree. One of the main aspects of their bone histology is to exhibit a fibrolamellar complex in the cortex of their long bones. Here, we report another bone tissue, the radial fibrolamellar bone (RFB), in the outer cortex of the humeri of a young adult cf. Isanosaurus (Early to Late Jurassic, Thailand) and an adult Spinophorosaurus nigerensis (Early to Middle Jurassic, Niger) that do not exhibit any pathological feature on the bone surface. Its location within the cortex is unexpected, because RFB is a rapidly deposited bone tissue that would rather be expected early in the ontogeny. A palaeopathological survey was conducted for these sampled specimens. Observed RFB occurrences are regarded as spiculated periosteal reactive bone, which is an aggressive form of periosteal reaction. A ‘hair-on-end’ pattern of neoplasmic origin (resembling a Ewing's sarcoma) is favoured for cf. Isanosaurus , while a sunburst pattern of viral or neoplasmic origin (resembling an avian osteopetrosis or haemangioma) is favoured for Spinophorosaurus . This study highlights the importance of bone histology in assessing the frequency and nature of palaeopathologies. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Vertebrate palaeophysiology’.

Effects of magnesium intake deficiency on bone metabolism and bone tissue around osseointegrated implants

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 716-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Montosa Belluci ◽  
Gabriela Giro ◽  
Ricardo Andrés Landazuri del Barrio ◽  
Rosa Maria Rodrigues Pereira ◽  
Elcio Marcantonio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Magnesium Intake ◽  
Osseointegrated Implants

Bone tissue: Rebuilding and inflammation

2014 ◽  
Vol 155 (40) ◽  
pp. 1575-1583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lajos Jakab
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Immune Functions ◽  
Exact Role ◽  
Α2 Macroglobulin

In this review the author summarizes the knowledge related to structural elements of bone tissue. The process of bone reorganisation and knowledge about the special feature of bone metabolism in human are also discussed. It is noted that due to the reorganisation, there is a complete renewal of bone tissue in every 10 years, and this renewal lasts throughout the life. However, there are life periods when osteoclast activity is low, e.g. in childhood and the second decade of life when the gain of bone mass may be as much as 40% of the final bone mass. Overactivity of osteoclasts occurs at age 60 years in men and somewhat earlier in women. Reorganization of bone tissue is an elementary requirement for the physiological functions (locomotion, hemopoiesis, immune functions). The RANK-RANKL-osteoprotegerin axis plays an important role in the regulation of bone metabolism. Bone mass is dependent on osteocytes; osteoblasts are building up while osteoclasts are reabsorbing bone tissue. In this process transcription factors, hormone-like substances and a large number of cytokines are involved. In addition, the inflammatory process within the bone tissue as well as the defending, reparative inflammation and specific immune response are of great importance in bone reorganisation. This is particularly valid for α2-macroglobulin and transforming growth factor, although the exact role in bone reorganization has not been fully explored. It can be concluded that the elements, which participate in bone reorganization and in defending inflammatory and specific immunological processes, are essentially identical. Therefore, the existence of an osteo-immunological complex system has been emerged. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(40), 1575–1583.

scholarly journals A Logarithmic Formulation for Anisotropic Behavior Characterization of Bovine Cortical Bone Tissue in Long Bones Undergoing Uniaxial Compression at Different Speeds

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (17) ◽  
pp. 5045
Author(s):  
Abdallah Shokry ◽  
Hasan Mulki ◽  
Ghais Kharmanda
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Uniaxial Compression ◽  
Failure Stress ◽  
Prosthesis Design ◽  
Long Bones ◽  
Anisotropic Behavior ◽  
Tangential Directions

The mechanical properties of bone tissues change significantly within the bone body, since it is considered as a heterogeneous material. The characterization of bone mechanical properties is necessary for many studies, such as in prosthesis design. An experimental uniaxial compression study is carried out in this work on bovine cortical bone tissue in long bones (femur and tibia) at several speeds to characterize its anisotropic behavior. Several samples from different regions are taken, and the result selection is carried out considering the worst situations and failure modes. When considering different displacement rates (from 0.5 to 5 mm/min), three findings are reported: The first finding is that the behavior of bone tissues in radial and tangential directions are almost similar, which allows us to consider the transversal isotropic behavior under static loads as well as under dynamic loads. The second finding is that the failure stress values of the longitudinal direction is much higher than those of the radial and tangential directions at low displacement rates, while there is no big difference at the high displacement rates. The third finding is a new mathematical model that relates the dynamic failure stress with the static one, considering the displacement rates. This model is validated by experimental results. The model can be effectively used in reliability and optimization analysis in prosthesis design, such as hip prosthesis.

scholarly journals Levels of C-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen and oxyproline in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: The relationship between the course of the disease and the structural and functional state of bone tissue

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
S V. Shevchuk ◽  
L. P. Denyschych ◽  
L. I. Marynych
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Type I Procollagen

The high prevalence of osteoporosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) makes it necessary to study the abnormalities in bone metabolism, its relationship with reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and the impact of the disease on it. The aim of this study was to determine serum levels of C-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PICP) and oxyproline in patients with SLE, their comparison with the structural and functional state of the patients’ bone tissue and the course of the disease. We examined 58 female SLE patients. The mean age of the patients was 45.1 ± 1.0 years. The control group included 29 healthy individuals,corresponding in age and sex with the researched group. For every patient, data were recorded on age, body mass index (BMI), menstrual history, smoking, chronic SLE damage (SLICC/ACR DI) and disease activity score (SLEDAI), cumulative glucocorticoid dose, serum concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP), bone formation marker (C-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen) and bone resorption marker (oxyproline). In all patients BMD was measured by DXA (Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) at two sites. To determine vertebral compression fractures, female SLE patients were examined with an x-ray of the thoracic and lumbar spine. We established that bone turnover markers showed a significant difference between the SLE patients and the control group, with lower levels of PICP and higher levels of oxyproline in the SLE patients. Alterations of bone metabolism were associated with the severity of the disease, active inflammation (high levels of CRP and IL-6), the age of the patients, and the high cumulative glucocorticoid dose but no correlation was found with disease duration, BMI and smoking. Patients with osteopenia, osteoporosis and fractures were significantly more frequently found among patients with reduced bone formation and increased bone resorption rate. Thus, our findings showed that female SLE patients have alterations of bone metabolism in the form of increasing serum oxyproline and reducing serum C-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen, the correction of which would slow the progression of adverse structural and functional changes in the bone tissue. 

scholarly journals MODELLING OF STEROIDINDUSED OSTEORESORPTION IN THE EXPERIMENT DURING INTRODUCTION OF ALLOGENIC HYDROXYAPATITE

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3.2) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
E.V. Pisareva ◽  
A.B. Sokolovskaya ◽  
M.Y. Vlasov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Bone Metabolism Markers ◽  
Biochemical Indices

The main spectrum of biochemical indices of blood serum in rats was investigated during steroid-induced osteoresorption. We have found the changes of bone metabolism markers under the influence of glucocortiсoids. It is established that the introduction of allogenic hydroxyapatite decrease the influence of glucocortiсoids on bone tissue.

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