Effects of magnesium intake deficiency on bone metabolism and bone tissue around osseointegrated implants

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 716-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Montosa Belluci ◽  
Gabriela Giro ◽  
Ricardo Andrés Landazuri del Barrio ◽  
Rosa Maria Rodrigues Pereira ◽  
Elcio Marcantonio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Magnesium Intake ◽  
Osseointegrated Implants

Bone tissue: Rebuilding and inflammation

2014 ◽  
Vol 155 (40) ◽  
pp. 1575-1583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lajos Jakab
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Immune Functions ◽  
Exact Role ◽  
Α2 Macroglobulin

In this review the author summarizes the knowledge related to structural elements of bone tissue. The process of bone reorganisation and knowledge about the special feature of bone metabolism in human are also discussed. It is noted that due to the reorganisation, there is a complete renewal of bone tissue in every 10 years, and this renewal lasts throughout the life. However, there are life periods when osteoclast activity is low, e.g. in childhood and the second decade of life when the gain of bone mass may be as much as 40% of the final bone mass. Overactivity of osteoclasts occurs at age 60 years in men and somewhat earlier in women. Reorganization of bone tissue is an elementary requirement for the physiological functions (locomotion, hemopoiesis, immune functions). The RANK-RANKL-osteoprotegerin axis plays an important role in the regulation of bone metabolism. Bone mass is dependent on osteocytes; osteoblasts are building up while osteoclasts are reabsorbing bone tissue. In this process transcription factors, hormone-like substances and a large number of cytokines are involved. In addition, the inflammatory process within the bone tissue as well as the defending, reparative inflammation and specific immune response are of great importance in bone reorganisation. This is particularly valid for α2-macroglobulin and transforming growth factor, although the exact role in bone reorganization has not been fully explored. It can be concluded that the elements, which participate in bone reorganization and in defending inflammatory and specific immunological processes, are essentially identical. Therefore, the existence of an osteo-immunological complex system has been emerged. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(40), 1575–1583.

scholarly journals Levels of C-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen and oxyproline in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: The relationship between the course of the disease and the structural and functional state of bone tissue

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
S V. Shevchuk ◽  
L. P. Denyschych ◽  
L. I. Marynych
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Type I Procollagen

The high prevalence of osteoporosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) makes it necessary to study the abnormalities in bone metabolism, its relationship with reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and the impact of the disease on it. The aim of this study was to determine serum levels of C-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PICP) and oxyproline in patients with SLE, their comparison with the structural and functional state of the patients’ bone tissue and the course of the disease. We examined 58 female SLE patients. The mean age of the patients was 45.1 ± 1.0 years. The control group included 29 healthy individuals,corresponding in age and sex with the researched group. For every patient, data were recorded on age, body mass index (BMI), menstrual history, smoking, chronic SLE damage (SLICC/ACR DI) and disease activity score (SLEDAI), cumulative glucocorticoid dose, serum concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP), bone formation marker (C-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen) and bone resorption marker (oxyproline). In all patients BMD was measured by DXA (Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) at two sites. To determine vertebral compression fractures, female SLE patients were examined with an x-ray of the thoracic and lumbar spine. We established that bone turnover markers showed a significant difference between the SLE patients and the control group, with lower levels of PICP and higher levels of oxyproline in the SLE patients. Alterations of bone metabolism were associated with the severity of the disease, active inflammation (high levels of CRP and IL-6), the age of the patients, and the high cumulative glucocorticoid dose but no correlation was found with disease duration, BMI and smoking. Patients with osteopenia, osteoporosis and fractures were significantly more frequently found among patients with reduced bone formation and increased bone resorption rate. Thus, our findings showed that female SLE patients have alterations of bone metabolism in the form of increasing serum oxyproline and reducing serum C-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen, the correction of which would slow the progression of adverse structural and functional changes in the bone tissue. 

scholarly journals Algorithm for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori with peri-implantitis

2017 ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
T.L. Shevela ◽  
I.O. Pohodenko-Chudakova ◽  
S.A. Koctiuk
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Etiologic Factor ◽  
Detailed Result ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Osseointegrated Implants ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Group A ◽  
Relationship Of

The leading etiologic factor in the development of peri-implantitis is microorganisms, which, due to the development of the infectious process, cause resorption of bone tissue directly adjacent to the implant, followed by its disintegration and removal. The aim of this study was to develop reliable and informative algorithms for diagnosing the development of peri-implantitis, which will maximally include safe and affordable methods. Objects and methods. Patients aged 20 to 48 years were examined, with a partial secondary edentia. All patients were randomly divided into two groups, comparable by demographic, nosological indicators. The first group consisted of 248 patients with osseointegrated implants, the second group consisted of 26 individuals which based on examination of the clinical picture and the results of X-ray, verified the diagnosis of peri-implantitis. A phased examination was conducted. To determine antibodies to Helicobacter pylori in the saliva, the diagnostic immunochromatographic membrane test method of the test cassette was used in patients of both groups in accordance with the method proposed by the authors. The second stage was the cytological examination of the contents from the bone cavity after removal of the implant and the third stage was the release of Helicobacter pylori DNA in the saliva. Results and discussion. A detailed result of analysis of patient’s examination made it possible to establish the following. Parameters of antibodies to HP in the saliva during the immunochromatographic test revealed the presence of antibodies to HP in 37 (15%) patients of the first group with osseointegrated implants and in 26 (100%) patients of the second group with peri-implantitis. The microbiological composition in the cytological study with peri-implantitis is presented: mixed and coccal flora in 4 patients (10%), fungi in 3 patients (11%), Helicobacter pylori in 24 patients (93%), lymphoid elements, erythrocytes and leukocytes in 26 patients (100%). A comparative evaluation of the results of the polymerase chain reaction in patients of the two groups showed that a positive result (the presence of Helicobacter pylori DNA) in the first group was detected in 20 patients — 23% of the observations. In the second group, a positive PCR test was determined in 26 patients, which was 100% of the observations. Each of the laboratory methods for detecting HP has its advantages and disadvantages, as well as its sensitivity and specificity. Numerous comparative studies have shown that the results obtained using different methods are not always identical. In this case, the result should be considered positive or negative when the indicators of all applied methods of research coincide. Conclusion. The obtained results are the basis for the conclusion about the presence of a definite relationship of the pathological inflammatory process in the bone tissue of the jaw directly adjacent to the dental implant and the character of Helicobacter pylori carriage in the observed patients.

scholarly journals MODELLING OF STEROIDINDUSED OSTEORESORPTION IN THE EXPERIMENT DURING INTRODUCTION OF ALLOGENIC HYDROXYAPATITE

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3.2) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
E.V. Pisareva ◽  
A.B. Sokolovskaya ◽  
M.Y. Vlasov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Bone Metabolism Markers ◽  
Biochemical Indices

The main spectrum of biochemical indices of blood serum in rats was investigated during steroid-induced osteoresorption. We have found the changes of bone metabolism markers under the influence of glucocortiсoids. It is established that the introduction of allogenic hydroxyapatite decrease the influence of glucocortiсoids on bone tissue.

scholarly journals Effect of Qing’e Decoction on Leptin/Leptin Receptor and Bone Metabolism in Naturally Aging Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Pan Sun ◽  
Yuanyuan Zhang ◽  
Zhenpu Wei ◽  
Zhiqiang Wang ◽  
Shiming Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Bone Strength ◽  
Bone Quality ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Aging Rats ◽  
Bone Aging ◽  
Age And Sex

Senile osteoporosis (SOP) is a common disease that has decreased bone strength as its main symptom. There is currently no medication that can treat SOP, and traditional Chinese medicine has advantages in slowing down bone aging. The present study aimed to observe the effects of Qing’e decoction on leptin, leptin receptor, sex hormone, and biochemical markers of bone metabolism in naturally aging rats and to explore its mechanism in regulating bone metabolism. The results revealed that, with the increase in age, the bone mineral density (BMD), bone strength, bone trabecula sparse, serum levels of leptin receptor (LEP-R), estradiol (E2), testosterone (T), core binding-factor α-1 (Cbfα-1), collagen-I (COL-I) and osteocalcin (OC), and the mRNA levels of leptin (LEP) and LEP-R in bone tissue decreased, while serum LEP levels increased in the female and male NS groups. The serum levels of LEP, LEP-R, E2, T, osteoprotegerin, Cbfα-1, COL-I, OC and bone alkaline phosphatase, and the mRNA levels of LEP and LEP-R in bone tissue in the female and male QED groups were higher than those in the same age and sex NS group, while the BMD, bone trabecular area percentage, maximum load, and maximum stress in the female and male QED groups were significantly higher than those in the same age and sex NS group. In conclusion, with the increase in age, the bone quality of naturally aging rats decreased gradually. Qing’e decoction can regulate the bone metabolism and increase the bone quality and delay bone aging, which may be achieved by increasing sex hormone, LEP, and LEP-R levels.

scholarly journals Assessment of structural and functional condition of rats bone tissue under the influence of various parameters of vibration

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazar Kostyshyn ◽  
Mechyslav Grzegotsky ◽  
Marta Servetnyk
Keyword(s):  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Lumbar Vertebrae ◽  
Functional Condition ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Osteocalcin Level

Abstract Whole body vibration involves the exposure of the entire human body to direct contact with environmental vibration. Chronic mechanical vibrations, combined with the physical attributes of the human body, can amplify the incoming energy and present the potential for negative health effects. Vibration exposure can, thus, result in adverse health effects such as spinal injuries, abdominal neurological and cardiovascular disorders. These can manifest indirectly as an accident causal factor. The aim of our research is to study the impact of vibration fluctuations of different frequencies on the structural and functional condition and mechanisms of bone remodelling. An experimental study was, therefore, conducted on mature male rats. For assessment of bone metabolism in the venous blood of rats, osteocalcin level was determined, while fragments of rats’ lumbar vertebrae were subsequently taken for histologic examination. Our work revealed that with the increase of vibration frequency, an increase of osteocalcin level in the blood of experimental animals comes about. Moreover, we noted after terminating vibration fluctuations on the 56th day of the experiment, osteocalcin levels are gradually reduced. In addition, in the course of histological study of specimens of lumbar vertebrae bone tissue, even as early as of the 28th day of the experiment, evidences of acute impairment of the bone tissue and initial signs of its remodelling are clearly traced. Indeed, on the 56th day, the remodelling processes represented by enhanced regeneration in the zone of the cartilage plate, increased in proliferation activity. We also saw hyperplasia of chondrocytes, hypertrophy of the respective zones of cartilage tissue, zones of forming immature bone tissue on the areas of previous damage, focal replacement fibrosis and angiomatosis. Hence, with increasing vibratory acceleration of 0,5 g, the rate of bone metabolism grows, osteoblast activation processes are accelerated and the impairment of collagen and calcium loss is increased. All this leads subsequently to the occurrence of osteoporosis.

scholarly journals New Insights Into the Physiology of Bone Regulation: the Role of Neurohormones

2014 ◽  
pp. 421-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. ŽOFKOVÁ ◽  
P. MATUCHA
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Humoral Factors ◽  
Stimulate Bone Formation ◽  
Osteoblast Activity ◽  
Beta 2

Bone metabolism is regulated by interaction between two skeletal cells – osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Function of these cells is controlled by a number of humoral factors, including neurohormones, which ensure equilibrium between bone resorption and bone formation. Influence of neurohormones on bone metabolism is often bimodal and depends on the tissue, in which the hormone is expressed. While hypothalamic beta-1 and beta-2-adrenergic systems stimulate bone formation, beta-2 receptors in bone tissue activate osteoclatogenesis and increases bone resorption. Chronic stimulation of peripheral beta-2 receptors is known to quicken bone loss and alter the mechanical quality of the skeleton. This is supported by the observation of a low incidence of hip fractures in patients treated with betablockers. A bimodal osteo-tropic effect has also been observed with serotonin. While serotonin synthetized in brain has osteo-anabolic effects, serotonin released from the duodenum inhibits osteoblast activity and decreases bone formation. On the other hand, both cannabinoid systems (CB1 receptors in the brain and CB2 in bone tissue) are unambiguously osteo-protective, especially with regard to the aging skeleton. Positive (protective) effects on bone have also been shown by some hypophyseal hormones, such as thyrotropin (which inhibits bone resorption) and adrenocorticotropic hormone and oxytocin, both of which stimulate bone formation. Low oxytocin levels have been shown to potentiate bone loss induced by hypoestrinism in postmenopausal women, as well as in girls with mental anorexia. In addition to reviewing neurohormones with anabolic effects, this article also reviews neurohormones with unambiguously catabolic effects on the skeleton, such as neuropeptide Y and neuromedin U. An important aim of research in this field is the synthesis of new molecules that can stimulate osteo-anabolic or inhibiting osteo-catabolic processes.

scholarly journals Lumbosacral pain in athletes and ballet dancers: spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
S. P Mironov ◽  
G. M Burmakova ◽  
A. K Orletsky ◽  
M. B Tsykunov ◽  
S. V Andreev
Keyword(s):  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Information Content ◽  
Muscle Tone ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Lumbar Vertebrae ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Ballet Dancers ◽  
Process Detection

Purpose of research. Development of diagnostic algorithm for lumbosacral pain syndrome (PCBS) caused by spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis of I-II degree in athletes and ballet dancers. Material and methods. 212 patients - athletes and entertainers of BA - summer with PCBS caused by spondylolysis (171 persons) and spondylolisthesis of I-II degree (41 persons) of lumbar vertebrae were under observation. Clinical and neurological, x-ray studies, ultrasonography, computed tomography, scintigraphy, as well as the study of markers of bone tissue re - sorption (calcium in urine) and bone formation (alkaline phosphatase) were carried out. Results. Clinical manifestations spondylolysis malespecific (pain after exercise); with the progression of instability and incipient spondylolisthesis pain, strengthening - esja at sharp movements, increased muscle tone of extensors of the back and the rear muscle groups of the thigh. Decisive in the diagnosis are radiological methods. Information content of standard spondylograms is 84.6%, functional-96.7%. To clarify the localization, the size of the arc defect, as well as in subsequent control examinations, an additional study is carried out in 3/4 projections (information content of 99.2%). A highly sensitive informative method is scintigraphy, which allows to determine the presence of bone tissue rearrangement in the first days after the injury. The focus of hyperfixation, or Vice versa, hypothically radiopharmaceutical characteristics would constitute an increase or decrease of metabolic processes. With the help of scintigraphy, you can track the dynamics of reparative processes and determine the timing of the resumption of professional activities. Ultrasonography also helps to detect instability in the vertebral segment in the early stages of its development and monitor the dynamics in the treatment process. Detection of osteopenia evidence of a violation of bone metabolism, which must be considered in the treatment-be sure to use drugs that affect bone metabolism and calcium homeostasis. Conclusion. The combination of standard, functional radiographs, as well as x-rays in oblique projections and scintigraphy is quite adequate for the diagnosis of splondylolysis, spondylolisthesis and the detection of instability in athletes and ballet dancers.

scholarly journals Osteoporosis and antithrombotic therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 4173
Author(s):  
N. V. Brailova ◽  
E. N. Dudinskaya ◽  
V. A. Kuznesova ◽  
O. N. Tkacheva
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Vitamin K Antagonists ◽  
Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Direct Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Antiplatelet Agents ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Negative Effect

Anticoagulant and antiplatelet agents are used to prevent stroke and thromboembolic events. There is insufficient data on the effect of these drugs on bone tissue. In addition, the available data are ambiguous, which increases suspicion when used in individuals at high risk of osteoporosis. The article provides data on the effect of anticoagulant and antiplatelet agents on bone metabolism, bone mineral density and the fracture risk. Literature data indicate a negative effect of heparin on bone tissue, which is increase the risk of fractures. Low molecular weight heparins has lower effect on bone tissue than heparin. It is known that vitamin K antagonists significantly affect bone metabolism and markers of bone formation, however, data on the effect on bone mineral density and the risk of fractures are contradictory. Direct oral anticoagulants are relatively safe in relation to bone tissue. Data on the effects of antiplatelet drugs on bone are ambiguous.

scholarly journals Significance of biochemical markers in diagnosis of bone remodeling disturbances among diabetic mellitus persons

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
S. S. Safarova
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Bone Remodeling ◽  
Serum Markers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bone Resorption Marker ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bone Metabolism Markers ◽  
Bone Mass Loss

Aim. To assess the influence of changes, observed in men and women with type 1and 2 diabetes mellitus (DM1, DM2) on the state of bone metabolism markers; to determine the directions of changes in bone remodeling serum markers among patients of both genders, suffering from this disease. Materials and methods. The cross-sectional study of patients, diagnosed DM1 (n = 98) and DM2 (n = 137) was conducted; the control group included 82 persons. In all patients, calciotropic hormones, the serum markers of bone remodeling, were studied. Results. The obtained results, regarding assessment of bone metabolism markers content in blood of DM1 and DM2 patients compared to the control, indicated the presence of pathological changes in bone remodeling processes in the form of decrease in osteogenesis marker PINP for patients with DM1 by 16 %, DM 2 – by 12 %, compared with the control group, and increase in bone resorption marker b-CTx in 32 % of patients with DM1 and 25 % with DM2; inconsistency of changes in bone remodeling processes in DM1 patients, with preferential alterations of bone resorption indices, was determined in 28 % of cases. Patients with DM2 had lower PINP and b-CTx levels that reflects the lower bone tissue metabolism, compared to DM1 patients, irrespective of age and duration of disease. Conclusions. The bone mass loss in the majority of the examined patients with diabetes is connected with suppression of osteogenesis and to a significantly lesser extent – with bone tissue resorption. Bone remodeling marker values in patients with DM2 are lower than with DM1. Such factors as glycemic profile compensation, duration of diabetes and presence of diabetic nephropathy are able to influence bone metabolism.

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