scholarly journals Different Climate Changes at Two Locations on a Small Karst Island Korčula (Adriatic Sea, Croatia)

Naše more ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Ognjen Bonacci ◽  
◽  
Igor Ljubenkov ◽  
Tanja Roje-Bonacci
Keyword(s):  
Climate Changes ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Narrow Channel ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Open Sea ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Rainfall Occurrences

The article analyses the series of annual, monthly and daily air temperatures and annual and monthly rainfall at two meteorological stations in Vela Luka and Korčula on the island of Korčula (Croatia), for which there are long time series of observations. Today’s locations of meteorological stations are only 33.5 km apart. The average annual air temperature at the Vela Luka station is on average 1°C lower than that measured at the Korčula station. A signifi cant upward trend in mean annual and mean monthly air temperatures was observed at both stations, with the increase being much milder at the Vela Luka station. Warming processes are signifi cantly faster at the Korčula station than at the Vela Luka station. Signifi cantly diff erent values of air temperatures, and in particular the fact of diff erent reactions of air temperatures to climate change at two stations, can be explained by their local position in relation to the open sea and orography of the surrounding terrain. While the Vela Luka station is exposed to the open sea and away from the mainland, at Korčula station the impact of the sea is less signifi cant because the sea is located in a narrow channel between the island of Korčula and the Pelješac peninsula. The distance of the Korčula meteorological station from the Pelješac peninsula and the mainland is signifi cantly smaller, which aff ects the faster trend of rising air temperatures at this station than at the Vela Luka station, where the infl uence of the sea mitigates the eff ect of global warming. Orography and proximity to land aff ect signifi cantly higher rainfall occurrences at Korčula station. Average annual rainfall at this station is 231 mm or 27.5% higher than at Vela Luka station. Both stations show a trend of decreasing annual rainfall.

scholarly journals The Impact of Climate Change on the Eutrophication of Water Ecosystems in the Southern Part of the Republic of Moldova

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-169
Author(s):  
Maria Nedealcov ◽  
Dumitru Drumea
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Danube Basin ◽  
Rivers And Lakes ◽  
Algae Growth ◽  
Previous Decade ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Water Ecosystems ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The accelerating pace of climate change mainly on the adjacent territory of the Danube basin, contribute to the essential eutrophication of water basins within the region. The results indicate that air temperature recorded a double warming compared to territories from the central part of the country. On the background the accelerated warming there is a declining trend and of annual rainfall amounts. These climate changes, especially in recent decades have led to significant increase of water temperature in rivers and lakes. Thus, it constituted in the years 1990-2000 by 0.7 and 1.50C compared to the period 1980-1990, and by 1.0...2,00C accordingly in the years 2000-2013 compared to the previous decade. The significant increase of temperature during the last decade contributed to the intensification of algae growth and together with other factors contributed to the increase by about 20% of the nitrogen content, thus ensuring the ―flowering‖ with 50% of the water bodies’ volume.

scholarly journals Analysis of Hydro-Meteorological Variables and Runoff Characteristics in the Sudano-Sahelian Ecological Zone of Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 331-341
Author(s):  
Samsideen Ojoye ◽  
I. P. Ifabiyi ◽  
Ishiaku Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Ecological Zone ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Rivers And Lakes ◽  
Hydrological Services ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This study examines the impact of climate change on hydrologic resources of selected rivers and lakes in the Sudano- Sahelian Ecological Zone of Nigeria. Climatologically data acquired were rainfall, temperature and evaporation from Nigeria Meteorological Agency, Oshodi, Lagos. Similarly, the hydrological data of river discharge and lake levels were obtained from Nigeria Hydrological Services, Kaduna. We used the Standardised Anomaly Index to test for fluctuations in rainfall, temperature, runoff and water level in lakes. Mann Kendall statistics were used to examine the trends in the climate variables. Pearman correlation was adopted to test the relationship between runoff and the rainfall variables. The findings revealed a general downward trend in rainfall amounts in the 1970s and 1980s. The findings also detected an upward trend in the amount of rainfall from 1990 to 2019. The correlation results of rainfall attributes and runoff showed significant relationships in annual rainfall (r= 0.61), annual rain-days (r=0.61), rain days of heavy rainfall (r= 0.57) and wet season rainfall (r=0.54). These attributed when combined, revealed a 51% contribution to the overall regression with (r=0.51) at 95% probability level. The study concluded that the Sudano-Sahelian Ecological Zone of Nigeria experiencing an increase in the annual rainfall. The increase in rainfall point to the recovery of the rainfall from the great Sahelian drought of the 1970s and 1980s. The rise in the annual rainfall is a possible influencing factor to the frequent occurrences of flooding in recent time across the ecological zone.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE LOSS OF CAPACITY OF THE FOUM EL GHERZA DAM

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (no 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Khelifi ◽  
Hassen Noureddine Benfetta ◽  
Abdelkrim Khaldi ◽  
Abdelwahab Rahmouni
Keyword(s):  
Climate Changes ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Climatic Parameters ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Significant Upward Trend ◽  
Eastern Algeria ◽  
The Impact

The study of climate impacts takes on an importance in scientific research, particularly on water resources. The present study highlights the situation of the capacity of Foum El Gherza dam in relation to the observed climate changes. Located in an arid zone of south-eastern Algeria, this dam is a typical example of a region fragile to climate variability. The methodology adopted in this work is based on the analysis of the evolution of the climatic parameters (precipitation and evaporation) as well as the hydrological parameters (flow yields, and leaks) in relation to the losses of stored water volume of the studied dam. The monthly values of climatic and hydrological data contain a 60-year time series (1950 to 2010). The results obtained show that the losses in capacity coincide with the negative trend of precipitation. Thus, a significant upward trend in evaporation is responsible for the decline in the volumes of water stored within the dam. The correlation analysis expresses that the losses in capacity of the Foum El Gherza dam have a strong impact with leakage and with liquid inflows.

Euratom and Brexit: Could the United Kingdom Maintain One Foot in the European Union? Current Scenarios and Future Prospects of British withdrawal from the EAEC

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-151
Author(s):  
Andrea Circolo ◽  
Ondrej Hamuľák
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Independent Solution ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Status ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Energy Community ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The paper focuses on the very topical issue of conclusion of the membership of the State, namely the United Kingdom, in European integration structures. The ques­tion of termination of membership in European Communities and European Union has not been tackled for a long time in the sources of European law. With the adop­tion of the Treaty of Lisbon (2009), the institute of 'unilateral' withdrawal was intro­duced. It´s worth to say that exit clause was intended as symbolic in its nature, in fact underlining the status of Member States as sovereign entities. That is why this institute is very general and the legal regulation of the exercise of withdrawal contains many gaps. One of them is a question of absolute or relative nature of exiting from integration structures. Today’s “exit clause” (Art. 50 of Treaty on European Union) regulates only the termination of membership in the European Union and is silent on the impact of such a step on membership in the European Atomic Energy Community. The presented paper offers an analysis of different variations of the interpretation and solution of the problem. It´s based on the independent solution thesis and therefore rejects an automa­tism approach. The paper and topic is important and original especially because in the multitude of scholarly writings devoted to Brexit questions, vast majority of them deals with institutional questions, the interpretation of Art. 50 of Treaty on European Union; the constitutional matters at national UK level; future relation between EU and UK and political bargaining behind such as all that. The question of impact on withdrawal on Euratom membership is somehow underrepresented. Present paper attempts to fill this gap and accelerate the scholarly debate on this matter globally, because all consequences of Brexit already have and will definitely give rise to more world-wide effects.

Impact of changing rainfall conditions on surface and groundwater resources in an experimental watershed in Greece

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-125
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Rainfall Regime ◽  
Winter Rainfall ◽  
Rainfall Depth ◽  
Rainfall Volume ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Groundwater Reserves ◽  
The Impact

The present study concerns the impact of a change in the rainfall regime on surface and groundwater resources in an experimental watershed. The research is conducted in a gauged mountainous watershed (15.18 km2) that is located on the eastern side of Penteli Mountain, in the prefecture of Attica, Greece and the study period concerns the years from 2003 to 2008. The decrease in the annual rainfall depth during the last two hydrological years 2006-2007, 2007-2008 is 10% and 35%, respectively, in relation to the average of the previous years. In addition, the monthly distribution of rainfall is characterized by a distinct decrease in winter rainfall volume. The field measurements show that this change in rainfall conditions has a direct impact on the surface runoff of the watershed, as well as on the groundwater reserves. The mean annual runoff in the last two hydrological years has decreased by 56% and 75% in relation to the average of the previous years. Moreover, the groundwater level follows a declining trend and has dropped significantly in the last two years.

„Arvīd, uz kurieni Tu aizgāji?”: Arvīda Griguļa personības loma Rakstnieku savienības vēsturē

2020 ◽  
pp. 74-84
Author(s):  
Madara Eversone
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Communist Party ◽  
Central Committee ◽  
State Archive ◽  
National Archives ◽  
Literary Heritage ◽  
Literary Process ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Impact

The article aims to highlight the role of Arvīds Grigulis’ (1906–1989) personality in the Latvian Soviet literary process in the context of the Latvian Soviet Writers’ Union, attempting to discover the contradictions and significance of Arvīds Grigulis’ personality. Arvīds Grigulis was a long-time member of the Writers’ Union, a member of the Soviet nomenklatura, and an authority of the soviet literary process. His evaluations of pre-soviet literary heritage and writings of his contemporaries were often harsh and ruthless, and also influenced the development of the further literary process. The article is based on the documents of the Central Committee of the Latvian Communist Party, the Latvian Soviet Writers’ Union and the Communist Party local organization of the Latvian Soviet Writers’ Union that are available at the Latvian State Archive of the National Archives of Latvia, as well as memories of Grigulis’ contemporaries. It is concluded that the personality of the writer Arvīds Grigulis, although unfolding less in the context of the Writers’ Union, is essential for the exploration of the soviet literary process and events behind the scenes. The article mainly describes events and episodes taking place until 1965, when Arvīds Grigulis’ influence in the Writers’ Union was more remarkable. Individual and further studies should analyse changes and the impact of his decisions in the cultural process of the 70s and 80s of the 20th century.

scholarly journals Impact of Shade and Fogging on High Tunnel Production and Mineral Content of Organically Grown Lettuce, Basil, and Arugula in Georgia

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 625
Author(s):  
Savanah Laur ◽  
Andre Luiz Biscaia Ribeiro da Silva ◽  
Juan Carlos Díaz-Pérez ◽  
Timothy Coolong
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Content ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
High Tunnel ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Shade Cloth ◽  
High Tunnels ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
Organically Grown ◽  
The Impact

This study evaluated the impact of shade cloth and fogging systems on the microclimate at the plant canopy level and yield of basil (Oscimum basilicum L.), arugula (Eruca vesicaria subsp. Sativa L.), and lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) planted in mid-September and early October in high tunnels. Fogging systems were installed at canopy level in plots within shaded (30%) and non-shaded high tunnels. Average air temperatures in the shaded high tunnels were 0.9 °C lower than non-shaded high tunnels during the day. Shade cloth significantly reduced soil temperatures during the day and night periods by 1.5 °C and 1.3 °C, respectively, compared to non-shaded treatments. Fogging systems did not have an impact on air temperature, soil temperature, or relative humidity, but did increase canopy leaf wetness. Shade and fogging did not impact the yield of any of the crops grown. Yield was impacted by planting date, with earlier planting result in higher yields of lettuce and basil. Yields for arugula were greater during the second planting date than the first. Planting date and shade cloth interacted to affect the concentrations of macronutrients.

scholarly journals Cumulative Effects of Particulate Matter Pollution and Meteorological Variables on the Risk of Influenza-Like Illness

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 556
Author(s):  
Kacper Toczylowski ◽  
Magdalena Wietlicka-Piszcz ◽  
Magdalena Grabowska ◽  
Artur Sulik
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Nonlinear Models ◽  
Absolute Humidity ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Meteorological Variables ◽  
Exponential Relationship ◽  
Influenza Like Illness ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
The Impact

The cold season is usually accompanied by an increased incidence of respiratory infections and increased air pollution from combustion sources. As we are facing growing numbers of COVID-19 cases caused by the novel SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, an understanding of the impact of air pollutants and meteorological variables on the incidence of respiratory infections is crucial. The incidence of influenza-like illness (ILI) can be used as a close proxy for the circulation of influenza viruses. Recently, SARS-CoV-2 has also been detected in patients with ILI. Using distributed lag nonlinear models, we analyzed the association between ILI, meteorological variables and particulate matter concentration in Bialystok, Poland, from 2013–2019. We found an exponential relationship between cumulative PM2.5 pollution and the incidence of ILI, which remained significant after adjusting for air temperatures and a long-term trend. Pollution had the greatest effect during the same week, but the risk of ILI was increased for the four following weeks. The risk of ILI was also increased by low air temperatures, low absolute humidity, and high wind speed. Altogether, our results show that all measures implemented to decrease PM2.5 concentrations would be beneficial to reduce the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory infections.

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