THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE LOSS OF CAPACITY OF THE FOUM EL GHERZA DAM

The study of climate impacts takes on an importance in scientific research, particularly on water resources. The present study highlights the situation of the capacity of Foum El Gherza dam in relation to the observed climate changes. Located in an arid zone of south-eastern Algeria, this dam is a typical example of a region fragile to climate variability. The methodology adopted in this work is based on the analysis of the evolution of the climatic parameters (precipitation and evaporation) as well as the hydrological parameters (flow yields, and leaks) in relation to the losses of stored water volume of the studied dam. The monthly values of climatic and hydrological data contain a 60-year time series (1950 to 2010). The results obtained show that the losses in capacity coincide with the negative trend of precipitation. Thus, a significant upward trend in evaporation is responsible for the decline in the volumes of water stored within the dam. The correlation analysis expresses that the losses in capacity of the Foum El Gherza dam have a strong impact with leakage and with liquid inflows.

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Adapting to climate change: water distribution in BBA City, Algeria

Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences ◽

10.5194/piahs-366-134-2015 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 366 ◽

pp. 134-134

Author(s):

A. Zeroual ◽

M. Meddi ◽

A. A. Assani

Keyword(s):

Water Distribution ◽

Climate Models ◽

River Flow ◽

Produced Water ◽

Water Distribution Network ◽

Water Volume ◽

Management Scenarios ◽

Water Losses ◽

Eastern Algeria ◽

The Impact

Abstract. For over 20 years, the eastern Algeria region has had significant rainfall deficits that resulted in severe droughts, which seriously affected the availability of water for drinking. Owing to considerations of affordability, drinking water is systematically underpriced because water is essential for life. Such a low price results in water being used inefficiently. This research presents the impact that a high leakage level in the water distribution network has on the water service price in BBA (Bordj Bou Arréridj) city and expected future water resources management scenarios in BBA watersheds by taking into account to the river flow simulated by GR2M using the outputs of climate models with emissions scenarios A1 and A1B. The analysis of the results shows a large economy can be made with regard to water losses, reaching up to 47% saving of the produced water volume; also, BBA city is expected to experience water stress before 2030.

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Greening trend in grassland of the Lhasa River Region on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau from 1982 to 2013

The Rangeland Journal ◽

10.1071/rj16032 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 38 (6) ◽

pp. 591 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Han Luo ◽

Ya Tang ◽

Xuan Zhu ◽

Baofeng Di ◽

Yuhui Xu

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Tibetan Plateau ◽

Western China ◽

Upward Trend ◽

Modis Ndvi ◽

Significant Upward Trend ◽

River Region ◽

Normalised Difference Vegetation Index ◽

Lhasa River ◽

The Impact

Local residents of the Lhasa River Region (LRR) on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in western China have noticed that the surrounding mountains have appeared conspicuously green since the 1980s. To verify these claims, we investigated trends of grassland activities in the LRR from 1982 to 2013 by using remotely sensed Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data, as a proxy for photosynthetic activity. Due to the limitation of available remote sensing data, we used long-term data with low resolution, GIMMS3 g NDVI, to explore the temporal changes between 1982 and 2012; we used moderate resolution data, MODIS NDVI, to investigate the spatial variations of trends between 2001 and 2013. In addition, we examined the relationship between grassland change and climate change. The results revealed a significant upward trend in the annual mean NDVI of the LRR from 1982 to 2012, corroborating the observations of the local people. The increasing trend was more pronounced during the period of 1982–1999 than during the period of 2000–2012. The seasonal NDVI also exhibited a significant upward trend in spring and summer from 1982 to 1999. From the higher resolution MODIS NDVI data analysis, during 2001–2013, the lower regression slope values were mainly distributed in the river valley (the area of lower elevation), whereas the higher values pixels were located in the northern LRR (the area of higher elevation). In addition, the annual NDVI correlated significantly with temperature and precipitation during the study period. Temperature is a more significant factor influencing grassland change than precipitation in spring and autumn. However, the precipitation with the time lag effect is more significantly correlated with NDVI during the growing season (from May to October). The results of this project will help to monitor regional vegetation changes, understand the impact of climate change, and better manage the economically, environmentally and culturally significant grasslands of the LRR.

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Applying simple water-energy balance frameworks to predict the climate sensitivity of streamflow over the continental United States

Hydrology and Earth System Sciences ◽

10.5194/hess-16-2531-2012 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 16 (8) ◽

pp. 2531-2546 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

M. Renner ◽

C. Bernhofer

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Energy Balance ◽

Climate Sensitivity ◽

Energy Supply ◽

Climate Changes ◽

Climate Impacts ◽

Statistical Classification ◽

The Us ◽

The Impact

Abstract. The prediction of climate effects on terrestrial ecosystems and water resources is one of the major research questions in hydrology. Conceptual water-energy balance models can be used to gain a first order estimate of how long-term average streamflow is changing with a change in water and energy supply. A common framework for investigation of this question is based on the Budyko hypothesis, which links hydrological response to aridity. Recently, Renner et al. (2012) introduced the climate change impact hypothesis (CCUW), which is based on the assumption that the total efficiency of the catchment ecosystem to use the available water and energy for actual evapotranspiration remains constant even under climate changes. Here, we confront the climate sensitivity approaches (the Budyko approach of Roderick and Farquhar, 2011, and the CCUW) with data of more than 400 basins distributed over the continental United States. We first estimate the sensitivity of streamflow to changes in precipitation using long-term average data of the period 1949 to 2003. This provides a hydro-climatic status of the respective basins as well as their expected proportional effect to changes in climate. Next, we test the ability of both approaches to predict climate impacts on streamflow by splitting the data into two periods. We (i) analyse the long-term average changes in hydro-climatology and (ii) derive a statistical classification of potential climate and basin change impacts based on the significance of observed changes in runoff, precipitation and potential evapotranspiration. Then we (iii) use the different climate sensitivity methods to predict the change in streamflow given the observed changes in water and energy supply and (iv) evaluate the predictions by (v) using the statistical classification scheme and (vi) a conceptual approach to separate the impacts of changes in climate from basin characteristics change on streamflow. This allows us to evaluate the observed changes in streamflow as well as to assess the impact of basin changes on the validity of climate sensitivity approaches. The apparent increase of streamflow of the majority of basins in the US is dominated by an increase in precipitation. It is further evident that impacts of changes in basin characteristics appear simultaneously with climate changes. There are coherent spatial patterns with catchments where basin changes compensate for climatic changes being dominant in the western and central parts of the US. A hot spot of basin changes leading to excessive runoff is found within the US Midwest. The impact of basin changes on the prediction is large and can be twice as much as the observed change signal. Although the CCUW and the Budyko approach yield similar predictions for most basins, the data of water-limited basins support the Budyko framework rather than the CCUW approach, which is known to be invalid under limiting climatic conditions.

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Different Climate Changes at Two Locations on a Small Karst Island Korčula (Adriatic Sea, Croatia)

Naše more ◽

10.17818/nm/2021/1.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 68 (1) ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Ognjen Bonacci ◽

◽

Igor Ljubenkov ◽

Tanja Roje-Bonacci

Keyword(s):

Climate Changes ◽

Adriatic Sea ◽

Narrow Channel ◽

Annual Rainfall ◽

Upward Trend ◽

Air Temperatures ◽

Open Sea ◽

Long Time ◽

The Impact ◽

Rainfall Occurrences

The article analyses the series of annual, monthly and daily air temperatures and annual and monthly rainfall at two meteorological stations in Vela Luka and Korčula on the island of Korčula (Croatia), for which there are long time series of observations. Today’s locations of meteorological stations are only 33.5 km apart. The average annual air temperature at the Vela Luka station is on average 1°C lower than that measured at the Korčula station. A signifi cant upward trend in mean annual and mean monthly air temperatures was observed at both stations, with the increase being much milder at the Vela Luka station. Warming processes are signifi cantly faster at the Korčula station than at the Vela Luka station. Signifi cantly diff erent values of air temperatures, and in particular the fact of diff erent reactions of air temperatures to climate change at two stations, can be explained by their local position in relation to the open sea and orography of the surrounding terrain. While the Vela Luka station is exposed to the open sea and away from the mainland, at Korčula station the impact of the sea is less signifi cant because the sea is located in a narrow channel between the island of Korčula and the Pelješac peninsula. The distance of the Korčula meteorological station from the Pelješac peninsula and the mainland is signifi cantly smaller, which aff ects the faster trend of rising air temperatures at this station than at the Vela Luka station, where the infl uence of the sea mitigates the eff ect of global warming. Orography and proximity to land aff ect signifi cantly higher rainfall occurrences at Korčula station. Average annual rainfall at this station is 231 mm or 27.5% higher than at Vela Luka station. Both stations show a trend of decreasing annual rainfall.

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Drought and water mobilization in semi-arid zone: The example of Hammam Boughrara dam (North-West of Algeria)

Journal of Water and Land Development ◽

10.2478/jwld-2018-0019 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 3-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hayat Adjim ◽

Abdelkader Djedid

Keyword(s):

Arid Zone ◽

Standardized Precipitation Index ◽

Rainfall Series ◽

Water Volume ◽

Severe Drought ◽

Embankment Dam ◽

North West ◽

Annual Water ◽

The Standardized Precipitation Index ◽

The Impact

AbstractThe dam of Hammam Boughrara is an embankment dam built in a transboundary basin, between Algeria and Morocco; it was type-approved and delivered in 1998. This dam was supposed to solve the lack of drinking water in Oran (Algeria's second largest city) and enhance the agricultural perimeter of the area. It should regulate an annual water volume of 59 million m3. However, the northwest Algeria has experienced a fairly severe drought since the 80s. This article aims to show the impact of this drought on the amount of surface water that can be mobilized by this dam. The rainfall series recorded at four stations, located within the basin of the dam, were examined using the proportional deviation from the average, the running average, the frequency analysis, the Pita’s index and the standardized precipitation index. These methods have shown a significant decrease of rain, starting from the hydrological year 1975/1976. These same approaches were also used to analyse series of flows spread over a longer period. This fact revealed three periods of drought which are 1940–1945, 1955–1967 and the most recent one highlighted by the rainfall series, starts at the year 1975/1976. The regularized water volume of the dam, calculated from the series of flow rates, is around 37 million m3. This value reflects a deficit of 40% of the regularized volume predicted by the designers of the dam.

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The impact of the global climate changes and the pollination

10.1603/ice.2016.92412 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Vera Lúcia Imperatriz Fonseca

Keyword(s):

Climate Changes ◽

Global Climate ◽

Global Climate Changes ◽

The Impact

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When Do Psychopathic Traits Affect Cooperative Behavior?: An Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma Experimental Study

10.26686/wgtn.12431003 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

M Testori ◽

M Kempf ◽

RB Hoyle ◽

Hedwig Eisenbarth

Keyword(s):

Prisoner's Dilemma ◽

Cooperative Behavior ◽

Prisoner’S Dilemma ◽

Selection Procedure ◽

Psychopathic Traits ◽

Strong Impact ◽

Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma ◽

Human Decision ◽

The Impact ◽

Iterated Prisoner’S Dilemma

© 2019 Hogrefe Publishing. Personality traits have been long recognized to have a strong impact on human decision-making. In this study, a sample of 314 participants took part in an online game to investigate the impact of psychopathic traits on cooperative behavior in an iterated Prisoner's dilemma game. We found that disinhibition decreased the maintenance of cooperation in successive plays, but had no effect on moving toward cooperation after a previous defection or on the overall level of cooperation over rounds. Furthermore, our results underline the crucial importance of a good model selection procedure, showing how a poor choice of statistical model can provide misleading results.

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The incidence of central serous chorioretinopathy in the population of Kazan: Results of a retrospective epidemiological analysis for 2009–2018

Pacific Medical Journal ◽

10.34215/1609-1175-2020-3-30-33 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 30-33

Author(s):

D. R. Аgliullin ◽

G. R. Khasanova ◽

E. A. Abdulaeva ◽

S. T. Agliullina ◽

A. N. Amirov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Central Serous Chorioretinopathy ◽

Morbidity Rate ◽

Seasonal Prevalence ◽

Upward Trend ◽

Epidemiological Analysis ◽

Significant Upward Trend ◽

Track Record ◽

Minimum Age ◽

The Mean

Objective: To assess the incidence of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) through the example of a large industrial Russian city.Methods: A retrospective analysis of CSC of Kazan population for 2009–2018 has been done.Results: From 2019 to 2018, 831 new cases of CSC were registered in Kazan. A statistically significant upward trend with growth rate 105.2% and accession rate 5.2% was typical for the annual track record. The mean age of patients was 50 years, the minimum age was 14 years, the maximum age was 87 years. A statistically significant upward trend was detected in track record of incidence in groups of 30–39-year-old and 40–49-year-old. Seasonal increase of the incidence was recorded in February, March, April, October, and November.Conclusions: The upward trend and seasonal prevalence are typical for longterm morbidity of CSC in Kazan. The highest morbidity rate of CSC and statistically significant upward trend of its incidence in track record were recorded in the age of 30–39.

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The Impact of Economic Crisis on Tourism Industry: A Bangladesh Perspective

International Research Journal of Engineering IT & Scientific Research ◽

10.21744/irjeis.v2i1.35 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Md. Ziaul Haque

Keyword(s):

Economic Crisis ◽

Tourism Industry ◽

Political Crisis ◽

Strong Impact ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Tourism Product ◽

International Tourist ◽

Sustained Recovery ◽

The Impact

The tourism sector is experiencing numerous challenges as a result of the global economic crisis. After a significant contraction in 2009, tourism rebounded strongly in 2010 and in 2011 the international tourist arrivals and receipts are projected to increase substantially. The Tourism industry is expected to show a sustained recovery in 2012. The crisis has particularly strong impact and slightly negative consequences in Bangladesh. The country is undergoing a political crisis, as well, and it seems that the forthcoming elections may be the only solution for the restoration of stability and social peace. In addition, tourism can be the driving force behind Bangladesh economic recovery. However, for its achievement the country’s policy makers should take several measures towards restructuring and improving the sector. These measures include: enhancement of alternative forms of tourism; environmental protection; creation of quality infrastructure; and boost of competitiveness through a tourism product that offers value for money

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