scholarly journals Import of Scientific Policy Instruments in Contemporary Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 037-052
Author(s):  
Margarita V. Kurbatova ◽  
◽  
Sergey N. Levin ◽  
Kirill S. Sablin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Selection Process ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Academic Excellence ◽  
Scientific Policy ◽  
Public Benefits ◽  
Academic Entrepreneurs ◽  
Academic Researchers ◽  
Economic Markets ◽  
Characteristic Features

Characteristic features of contemporary scientific policy of Russia in the context of its instruments import are highlighted in the article. Instruments are analyzed as institutions according to the D. North interpretation. It was revealed that the main imports are the instruments those ensure the accountability of the academic community (academia). Grant funding system, scientometrics and academic excellence programs are these instruments. In the conditions of contemporary Russia the accountability of scientists and scholars to society turns into accountability to the vertical of power. The motivation of its representatives includes both the idea of public benefits as well as the task of private efficiency maximizing when to select the goals and instruments of scientific policy. It is shown that the selection process includes three main levels: political, governmental and departmental. Imported instruments are gradually transformed in accordance with the interests of the actors participating in the vertical administrative bargaining at all these levels. The goals set at the political level to strengthen economic and political positions of the country in the world are gradually being replaced with the tasks of maximizing the private efficiency of high-ranking participants in this bargaining. As a result, a qualitative modification of the sphere of science occurs. It is not just about the limitation of academic community autonomy, but about its incorporation into the vertical of power in the conditions of contemporary Russia. This fact leads to the changing of motivation and structure of academia. Academic researchers and scholars are gradually being replaced by politicized academic administrators and specific academic entrepreneurs. They are differ if compare them with the western academic entrepreneurs. The latter are focused on the competitive economic markets, while the first concentrate their attention on the redistribution of resources within the framework of vertical administrative bargaining.

scholarly journals Research of the History of Inter-Religious Relations in Ukraine in the Kyiv Theological Academy (Second Half of the 19th – Beginning of the 20th Century)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 60-79
Author(s):  
Luidmila Pastushenko
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Literary Traditions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Academic Researchers ◽  
History Of ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article presents the first attempt of a complete and systematic analysis of historic and theological publications of teachers and pupils of the Kyiv Theological Academy in the second half of the 19th – beginning of 20th century in the field of studying the history of relations of Catholicism and Protestantism with Orthodox on the Ukrainian lands. The specifics of Kyiv academic historians studies was determined by the social and-political circumstances in the middle of the 19th century and denoted by an attempt to comprehend this issue in the perspective of the history of interconfessional relations of two Western Christian traditions with the eastern tradition of Orthodoxy in the historical gap of the 16th – 17th centuries – the period of the largest confrontation in confessional relations in Ukraine. The author clarifies the characteristic features of researching the question of inter-confessional interaction in the 15th – 17th centuries, which are expressed in attempts to describe the coexistence of three denominations as multidimensional and provoking а variety of different interpretations. Historical studies present the attempt to show confessional interaction in the political and legal aspects and to provide historical interpretations to the ground of philosophy of history. The article proves the tendency of Kyiv academic researchers to move away from the established Russian historiography of the 19th century view at confessional relations in Ukraine through the prism of hard confrontation and outline in religious life Ukraine conditions and circumstances of inter-confessional dialogue. Also, historians in their studies repeatedly note the significant educational and outlook influence of Western Christian denominations on the formation of educational, cultural, theological, literary traditions in Ukraine.

scholarly journals The Legal Fundamentals for the Prevention of Capital Outflow from the Russian Federation

Legal Concept ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 84-89
Author(s):  
Elena Ryabova ◽  
Alina Nikolaeva
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Capital Outflow ◽  
Tax Legislation ◽  
Domestic Capital ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Fundamental Categories

Introduction: the identification and analysis of the causes and factors, including the gaps in the legislation, generating an increase in the capital outflow, as well as the improvement of the currency, investment and tax legislation are relevant and important issues. Purpose: to study the problems of the legal regulation to prevent the outflow of capital from the Russian Federation. Methods: the fundamental categories and principles of materialistic dialectics, the generally accepted methods of comparative law became the methodological framework for solving the tasks. As part of the study of the legal foundation to prevent the outflow of domestic capital abroad, the authors also used the methods of analysis and synthesis, functional and systematic approaches, and the formal legal and statistical methods. Results: grounded in the paper the author’s point of view is based on the study of the international conventions, treaties and agreements to which Russia is a party, and the domestic legal acts regulating relations in the field of preventing the outflow of domestic capital abroad, as well as the opinion of the competent academic community. Conclusions: the study identified the characteristic features of the process of capital outflow from Russia and developed a list of recommendations aimed at improving the measures of the state legal regulation in the field of combating the outflow of capital abroad.

scholarly journals ACADEMIC INTEGRITY: CHALLENGES OF MODERNITY

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-72
Author(s):  
Olena Trynus
Keyword(s):  
Academic Integrity ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
The State ◽  
Scientific Policy ◽  
Academic Fraud ◽  
Scientific Institutions ◽  
European Experience ◽  
Effective Instrument ◽  
Definition Of

In recent years, the Ukrainian academic and educational community has been addressing issues of academic integrity and the implementation of international academic standards. In the civilized academic world, a fundamental role attaches to the fundamental values of academic integrity as an effective instrument for the quality of education ensuring, the moral and ethical image of a modern educator and scientist formation, the creation of a highly competitive society. In the article the essence of the concept "academic integrity" in modern discourse is revealed, and its components are presented. The European experience in counteracting of academic fraud has been analyzed; its most widely used methods are outlined. It has been found that there is no ideal way of counteracting academic abuse in the world; standardized procedures for assessing the educational policy of academic institutions regarding academic integrity have not been developed. The information on the SAIUP project (Strengthening Academic Integrity in Ukraine Project), which was launched in Ukraine to promote academic integrity, has been submitted. The scientific policy of the Ivan Ziaziun Institute of Pedagogical Education and Adult Education for preventing manifestations of academic unfairness is described, as well as the introduction of a system of measures to avoid manifestations of academic plagiarism and selfplagiarism, citation errors, and practice of falsification of scientific research. It is concluded that the views of the academic community on the problems of academic integrity depend to a large extent on the state policy and definition of the system of social values and ethical norms by educational and scientific institutions. The proposals on adherence to academic integrity in Ukraine on the state and institu-tional levels are substantiated.

Academic opinions of Wikipedia and Open Access publishing

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 332-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Xiao ◽  
Nicole Askin
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Open Access Publishing ◽  
Academic Publishing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Academic Knowledge ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Open Access Journals ◽  
Academic Researchers

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine academics’ awareness of and attitudes towards Wikipedia and Open Access journals for academic publishing to better understand the perceived benefits and challenges of these models. Design/methodology/approach – Bases for analysis include comparison of the models, enumeration of their advantages and disadvantages, and investigation of Wikipedia's web structure in terms of potential for academic publishing. A web survey was administered via department-based invitations and listservs. Findings – The survey results show that: Wikipedia has perceived advantages and challenges in comparison to the Open Access model; the academic researchers’ increased familiarity is associated with increased comfort with these models; and the academic researchers’ attitudes towards these models are associated with their familiarity, academic environment, and professional status. Research limitations/implications – The major limitation of the study is sample size. The result of a power analysis with GPower shows that authors could only detect big effects in this study at statistical power 0.95. The authors call for larger sample studies that look further into this topic. Originality/value – This study contributes to the increasing interest in adjusting methods of creating and disseminating academic knowledge by providing empirical evidence of the academics’ experiences and attitudes towards the Open Access and Wikipedia publishing models. This paper provides a resource for researchers interested in scholarly communication and academic publishing, for research librarians, and for the academic community in general.

scholarly journals The Stress of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Beyond the Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samina Salim
Keyword(s):  
Research Productivity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Academic Excellence ◽  
Loss Of Face ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Peer Experiences ◽  
American Society ◽  
The One

Background: The year 2020 will go down in modern history as the one ravaged by a pandemic, the one which humbled the entire world. From the richest and most advanced nations to the poorest and least developed it exposed all of our vulnerabilities. The loss of life, health disparities and economic adversities, aggravated by political and ideological tensions, added multiple layers of stress and anxieties to an already stressed American society. Methods: The educational institutions in the United States from the central to the local units demonstrated coherence in leadership, guided with flexibility and compassion, which paved the way for smooth operations. However, the anxiety among students and faculty on university and college campuses, is undeniable. In-person instruction was haulted. Research labs and officeswere locked down or operating with limited personnel Thus, the challenges to have timely instruction and to move the research enterprise forward have been enormous. Provided here is a perspective gathered from a literature search using PubMed and google with search words “COVID-19, stress, college students”, “COVID-19, stress, US graduate students”, and “COVID-19, stress, postdoc researchers”. Results: This article is an opinion piece, part personal and part peer experiences. It is presented in light of studies suggesting that the COVID-19 pandemic has imposed significant mental stress and anxiety upon students and faculty members within the academy. Conclusion: Loss of face-to-face interactions as a result of virtual instruction, lack of in-person mentoring, and loss of research productivity has taken its toll on the mental health and well- being of the academic community. Despite the challenges of the pandemic, the ingenuity of the human spirit has innovated solutions to catch up on research productivity and to pursue academic excellence.

scholarly journals Scientific State Policy through the Eyes of an «Ordinary Scientist».Scientists’ Situational Strategies in Response to the Science Reforming Waves in Russia

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juri M. Plusnin ◽  
Anatoly M. Ablazhey
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Academic Science ◽  
Scientific Policy ◽  
Behavioral Strategies ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Research Institutes ◽  
The Status ◽  
Science Management

A comparative analysis of the results of two paired sociological studies of the Russian academic community in the Siberian Branch of the RAS (SB RAS) in 1992 – 1994 and 2015 – 2016 was carried out. The first study was realised at the institutes of the Novosibirsk Scientific Center (NSC SB RAS); the second again at the Research Institutes of the NSC SB RAS, as well as at the academic institutes of Tomsk, Irkutsk and Krasnoyarsk was carried out. The main method: in-depth structured interviews focused on the problems of (a) professional adaptation of “ordinary” scientists and (b) reactions of the institutes and laboratories to radical changes in state scientific policy. A comparative analysis showed that despite the different goals and results of implementing scientific policy in the early 1990s and in mid-2010s, the scientific community often demonstrates the same, in fact, “response to threats” expressed in the professional behavioral strategies. These strategies are conservative and situationally non-adaptive. Management of research institutes strives to maintain the “status quo”; they aim, if possible, not to change the structure of professional relations, the directions and subjects of researches. This testifies to the inert structure of academic science and science management, which aims to maintain the main organizational components that were laid down in the Soviet 1930s.

scholarly journals Outlining the Orientation Toward Socially Relevant Issues in Competitive R&D Funding Instruments

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Orazio Spinello ◽  
Emanuela Reale ◽  
Antonio Zinilli
Keyword(s):  
Selection Process ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Funding Policy ◽  
Public Investments ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Socially Relevant ◽  
Actual Orientation ◽  
Funding Instruments

While project-based funding in public R&D investments has grown in importance in all European countries over the last two decades, there is widespread concern among decision-makers about the actual orientation of project funding instruments to promote societal well-being. The capability of public R&D investment to improve the quality of citizens' lives implies the pursuit of “relevant” social objectives related to existing or emerging problems affecting individuals’ lives and society. Particularly, when referring to project-funded research, the question of “relevance” in research objectives recalls the never-ending debate over how to translate policymakers’ request for producing value from public investments in research activities into “usable results”. The manuscript explores, using recent data collected at European level on public R&D funding, the portfolio of research project funding policy instruments of various public research funding organizations (RFOs) in order to shed light on how and to what extent it is oriented to address socially relevant issues. The authors examine the characterization of the single project funding instruments, which are intended to incorporate the motivations and targeted goals of public action, and the RFOs that manage them. They specifically assume that the actual orientation of funding instruments, beyond the declared objectives, is influenced by some features related to their implementation operated by the RFOs, such as the importance given to specific evaluation criteria and the composition of the evaluation panels in the selection process of the funding beneficiaries.

Geotheorizing Black/Land

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eve Tuck ◽  
Mistinguette Smith ◽  
Allison M. Guess ◽  
Tavia Benjamin ◽  
Brian K. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Black People ◽  
Community Organization ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Community Research ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Research Partnerships ◽  
Academic Researchers ◽  
Community Based Organization ◽  
Historical Presence

In this article, researchers from an academic institution and researchers from a community-based organization theorize a recent collaboration. This “contingent collaboration” was designed to analyze interviews that had been conducted by the community organization and required the purposeful negotiation of two thresholds, one methodological, the other empirical. Writing together across diverse experiences with academic research, the authors consider the implications of the settler colonial roots of social science, the voyeuristic tendencies of academic researchers, and the historical presence of Black people as “other” in the academy for academic-community research partnerships.

Data-driven networking research

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 47-49
Author(s):  
Jeffrey C. Mogul ◽  
Priya Mahadevan ◽  
Christophe Diot ◽  
John Wilkes ◽  
Phillipa Gill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Academic Community ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Academic Researchers ◽  
Share Data ◽  
Privacy Issues ◽  
Confidentiality And Privacy

We in Google's various networking teams would like to increase our collaborations with academic researchers related to data-driven networking research. There are some significant constraints on our ability to directly share data, which are not always widely-understood in the academic community; this document provides a brief summary. We describe some models which can work - primarily, interns and visiting scientists working temporarily as employees, which simplifies the handling of some confidentiality and privacy issues. We describe some specific areas where we would welcome proposals to work within those models.

scholarly journals Participant-Making: bridging the gulf between community knowledge and academic research

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Light ◽  
Paul Egglestone ◽  
Tom Wakeford ◽  
Jon Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Meaning Making ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Ways Of Knowing ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Community Relations ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Academic Knowledge ◽  
Project Outcomes ◽  
Academic Researchers

Too often in social research for design, academic knowledge is privileged at the expense of other knowledge and ways of knowing, although by overlooking insights from other participants this academic meaning-making may be wasteful and/or damaging to relations. In this paper, we describe a project that focuses on establishing academic/community relations to look at how knowledge issues are handled in setting up participative projects. We touch on the ethics of the ‘informed consent’ required for the ethics approval process and that of generating and sharing project outcomes in a way that reflects team membership, considering how to share credit, encourage diverse opinion and ensure some value in participating for all participants. Since a key outcome of the study is intended to be policy recommendations as to how to involve community groups in research projects, we take a highly reflexive approach. We reflect here on how we, as academic researchers, became participants and what we made available to our partners in research to do the same.

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