A new method for absolute calibration of high-sensitivity accelerometers and other graviinertial devices

1994 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 438-443
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Tarbeyev ◽  
Ye. P. Krivtsov ◽  
A. Ye. Sinelnikov ◽  
A. A. Yankovsky
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Field ◽  
Mass Distribution ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Absolute Calibration ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Gravitational Acceleration ◽  
Measuring Instrument ◽  
Sensing Element

Abstract To investigate the dynamic characteristics of high-sensitivity graviinertial devices (accelerometers, seismometers, and others) it seems advantageous to use for the input signal the gravitational acceleration produced by bodies with a known mass distribution. This eliminates the need for moving the transducer under investigation. Such motion is needed in the inertial acceleration reproduction as well as for inclining a measuring instrument in the Earth's gravity field. Error in measuring the parameters of the transducer motion is determined by the uncertainties of the length- and angle-measuring instruments being used. Particularly, it concerns the angle measurement errors when the gravity field effects have been taken into account. The existing methods for reproducing gravitational acceleration are based on the use of nonuniform fields of simple shape bodies (sphere, cylinder, and the like). These methods require calculation of the corresponding acceleration, taking into account the spatial mass distribution of the instrument sensing element. The commonly employed approximation results in a procedural error of the order of 10% and over. It is proposed to calibrate a measuring instrument using a uniform, flat gravity field of varying direction. The set-up designed to realize this method reproduces varying accelerations over the frequency range 0.01 to 0.3 Hz with amplitude less than 1.3 × 10−7 m/sec2. This enables calibration of seismometers of various types with a higher accuracy.

scholarly journals ALAT PENGHITUNG BERAT BADAN MANUSIA DENGAN STANDART BODY MASS INDEX (BMI) MENGGUNAKAN SENSOR LOAD CELL BERBASIS ARDUINO MEGA 2560 R3

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Dewantara Dewantara ◽  
Priyo Sasmoko
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Load Cell ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Automation System ◽  
Measuring Instrument ◽  
Actual Height ◽  
System Controller ◽  
Error Percentage ◽  
Frequent Measurement ◽  
The Ideal

Dewantara, Priyo Sasmoko, in this paper explain that a measuring instrument is a tool used by humans to help determine parameters such as height and weight. Most height and weight gauges used today still use simple and still conventional equipment. In addition, if manually, there are still frequent measurement errors that come from the measuring instrument itself or from the human. This happens because of inaccuracies in reading measuring instruments that lack precision or perhaps from the human factor itself. The purpose of this study was to create a digital height and weight automation system accompanied by displaying its ideal weight based on height. This system is built using Arduino as a system controller. The ultrasonic sensor is used as a measure of height. Load cell is used as a measure of weight. And a 20x4 LCD to display the output. From testing and analyzing the results of measurements of height according to the actual height, the results of measurements of weight have an error percentage of 0.53% - 2.77%. The system determines the ideal or not body weight based on BMI. Keywords: 20x4 LCD, Load Cell Sensor, Arduino.ReferencesFogaswara, Eka. 2013. Prinsip Dasar Kelistrikan dan konversi energy untuk SMK/MAK. Bandung: CV ARMICO.Massimo dkk, Arduino/Genuino Mega 2560. 28 Juli 2015.  https://www.arduino.cc/en/Ma in/ArduinoBoardMega2560. Diakses pada 28 Juli 2015.Anonim. Sensor. 5 September 2015. http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/sensor. Diakses  pada 5 September 2015Anonim. HX711 Weight Scale ADC Modul. 6 September 2015. http://www.vcc2gnd.com/Diakses pada 6 September 2015Arifai, Samsul. Dkk, 2014, Rangkain Catu Daya. http://s3.amazonaws.com/academia.e du.documents/ Diakses  pada 24 Agustus 2015Malvino, Prinsip-prinsip Elektronika, Buku satu, Salemba Teknika, hal 66Anonim. Catu daya. 6 September 2015. http://profil.widodoonline.com /Elektronika/komponen/praktik um/teori-dasar-catu-daya.html

Controlling Decremental and Inflationary Effects in Reliability Estimation Resulting from Violations of Assumptions

2001 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 403-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilbert Becker
Keyword(s):  
Opposite Direction ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Classical Test Theory ◽  
Reliability Estimation ◽  
Test Theory ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Measuring Instrument ◽  
Correlated Errors ◽  
Classical Test ◽  
Practical Level

Two assumptions in classical test theory, essential tau-equivalence and independence of measurement errors, when violated may produce attenuated or inflated estimates of reliability, respectively. Inflation stemming from correlated errors can be controlled by a procedure in which systematically created equivalent halves of a given measuring instrument are administered across two occasions. When poor approximations to equivalent halves are constructed for this purpose, however, distortion in the opposite direction may result, being sometimes quite large when measuring instruments are not essentially tau-equivalent (or, at the practical level, unidimensional). The nature of these decrements are discussed and illustrated, and a number of procedures for eliminating them introduced.

scholarly journals Research of Errors in Measuring Instruments with Fixed Ends of Measurement Range by Integral Functional Method

2018 ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Y. Stentsel ◽  
K. Litvinov ◽  
T. Sotnikova ◽  
V. Lopatin
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Integral Functional ◽  
Measurement Range ◽  
Functional Method ◽  
Static Characteristic ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Measuring Instrument ◽  
Additional Measurement ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Influence Parameter

The article presents the research results of additional errors in measuring instruments caused by the change of normalized influential parameters. The analysis of modern methods of additional measurement errors determination is performed, and their disadvantages are shown. A new method for research and determination of additional errors is proposed, which is based on Euler’s optimality integral functional. Applicability of such measurement errors research by the integral functional method is substantiated, the essence of which is to determine the difference of planes with nominal and current static characteristics of the measuring instrument with further definition of the integral functional and measurement errors. The research results of additional measurement errors are presented for the case when the static characteristic of the measuring instrument is linear and fixed at the initial input signal. It is shown that for measuring instruments with the linear static characteristic the change of the influence parameter does not change the characteristic linearity, but only leads to nonlinearity of the additional measurement error with increase in deviation of the influence parameter from its normalized value. The mathematical models of additional measurement errors and their graphical distribution along the measurement range are presented.

METHOD FOR ESTIMATING ERRORS IN MEASURING INSTRUMENTS BY THE SPACE CATALOGUE ORBITS

2018 ◽  
pp. 76-84
Author(s):  
K. V. Sorokin ◽  
E. A. Sunarchina
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Model ◽  
New Method ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Measuring Instrument ◽  
Software Complex

Improvement of orbits precision is one of the most important tasks of space surveillance catalogue maintenance. The solution of this problem is directly related to an adequate consideration of the errors of the coordinate information from the measuring instruments. The article consideresd a new method for estimating the precision of measuring instruments on the catalog orbits. To carry out such analysis, in PJSC «VIMPEL» special technological program was created. Main results of a study of radar errors with orbits of space surveillance catalogue was presented. Also, the results were compared with data of measuring instrument's calibration software complex. This software complex provides determination of satellite's position with errors less than 10 m. A new dynamic model of measuring instrument errors is proposed.

scholarly journals An Ultrahigh-Sensitivity Graphene Resonant Gyroscope

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1890
Author(s):  
Yang Lu ◽  
Zhan-She Guo ◽  
Shang-Chun Fan
Keyword(s):  
Angular Velocity ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Velocity Variation ◽  
Beam Length ◽  
Sensing Element ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Resonant Beam ◽  
Frequency Output ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Ultrahigh Sensitivity

In this study, a graphene beam was selected as a sensing element and used to form a graphene resonant gyroscope structure with direct frequency output and ultrahigh sensitivity. The structure of the graphene resonator gyroscope was simulated using the ANSYS finite element software, and the influence of the length, width, and thickness of the graphene resonant beam on the angular velocity sensitivity was studied. The simulation results show that the resonant frequency of the graphene resonant beam decreased with increasing the beam length and thickness, while the width had a negligible effect. The fundamental frequency of the designed graphene resonator gyroscope was more than 20 MHz, and the sensitivity of the angular velocity was able to reach 22,990 Hz/°/h. This work is of great significance for applications in environments that require high sensitivity to extremely weak angular velocity variation.

scholarly journals 60–700 K CTAT and PTAT Temperature Sensors with 4H-SiC Schottky Diodes

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 942
Author(s):  
Razvan Pascu ◽  
Gheorghe Pristavu ◽  
Gheorghe Brezeanu ◽  
Florin Draghici ◽  
Philippe Godignon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Schottky Diodes ◽  
Schottky Contact ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Absolute Temperature ◽  
Lower Sensitivity ◽  
Readout Circuit ◽  
Sensing Element ◽  
High Performing

A SiC Schottky dual-diode temperature-sensing element, suitable for both complementary variation of VF with absolute temperature (CTAT) and differential proportional to absolute temperature (PTAT) sensors, is demonstrated over 60–700 K, currently the widest range reported. The structure’s layout places the two identical diodes in close, symmetrical proximity. A stable and high-barrier Schottky contact based on Ni, annealed at 750 °C, is used. XRD analysis evinced the even distribution of Ni2Si over the entire Schottky contact area. Forward measurements in the 60–700 K range indicate nearly identical characteristics for the dual-diodes, with only minor inhomogeneity. Our parallel diode (p-diode) model is used to parameterize experimental curves and evaluate sensing performances over this far-reaching domain. High sensitivity, upwards of 2.32 mV/K, is obtained, with satisfactory linearity (R2 reaching 99.80%) for the CTAT sensor, even down to 60 K. The PTAT differential version boasts increased linearity, up to 99.95%. The lower sensitivity is, in this case, compensated by using a high-performing, low-cost readout circuit, leading to a peak 14.91 mV/K, without influencing linearity.

scholarly journals pH-Insensitive FRET Voltage Dyes

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 656-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Maher ◽  
Nyan-Tsz Wu ◽  
Hong Ao
Keyword(s):  
Ion Channel ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Resonance Energy Transfer ◽  
Resonance Energy ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Resting Membrane Potential ◽  
Absolute Calibration ◽  
High Throughput Assay ◽  
Voltage Sensitive Dyes

Many high-throughput ion channel assays require the use of voltage-sensitive dyes to detect channel activity in the presence of test compounds. Dye systems employing Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) between 2 membrane-bound dyes are advantageous in combining high sensitivity, relatively fast response, and ratiometric output. The most widely used FRET voltage dye system employs a coumarin fluorescence donor whose excitation spectrum is pH dependent. The authors have validated a new class of voltage-sensitive FRET donors based on a pyrene moiety. These dyes are significantly brighter than CC2-DMPE and are not pH sensitive in the physiological range. With the new dye system, the authors demonstrate a new high-throughput assay for the acid-sensing ion channel (ASIC) family. They also introduce a novel method for absolute calibration of voltage-sensitive dyes, simultaneously determining the resting membrane potential of a cell. ( Journal of Biomolecular Screening 2007:656-667)

The measurement problem of calibration of measuring instrument under specified conditions

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
Sergey F. Levin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Measurement Problem ◽  
Parametric Identification ◽  
Correction Function ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Measuring Instrument ◽  
Mathematical Apparatus ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Assessment Techniques

The problem of calibration of measuring instruments for given conditions based on the correction function is considered as a measurement problem of structural-parametric identification of the calibration diagram. It is shown, that the correction function allows at the first stage to obtain a ratio for correcting the readings, and at the second stage to obtain a corrected measurement result, it is necessary to identify the probability distribution of possible deviations from it. An example of solving the measurement problem of calibration for given conditions is given. Negative aspects of the practice of calibration of measuring instruments are noted: carrying out calibration under normal conditions according to the methods of verification of measuring instruments; presentation of calibration results by tables of joint readings of measuring instruments and standards; the presence in the calculations of the calibration diagram of significant restrictions on the mathematical apparatus of the «Guidelines for the expression of measurement uncertainty», specified by ISO/IEC 31010:2019 “Risk management – Risk assessment techniques”.

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