scholarly journals Estudo paleográfico de cartas manuscritas do final do século XIX no Amazonas / Paleographic Study of Handwritten Letters from the Late 19th Century in the Amazon

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Gislane Aparecida Martins Siqueira
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Textual Criticism ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Characteristics Development ◽  
The City

Resumo: Apoiado nos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos de Cambraia (2005), Costa (2006), Flexor (1990), Núñez Contreras (1994) e Riesco Terrero (1999), propõe-se um estudo paleográfico de três cartas manuscritas do ano de 1890, referentes a assuntos comerciais da empresa J. G. Araújo e Cia Ltda, as quais se encontram sob a guarda do Museu Amazônico na cidade de Manaus (AM), Brasil. No presente estudo paleográfico, trata-se de aspectos materiais, de elementos constitutivos da escrita, de características ortográficas, de desenvolvimento e tipologia de abreviaturas, de edições de cartas e, por fim, traça-se um paralelo entre especificidades gráficas das três cartas com outras três, também relativas ao final do século XIX, porém de outra região do Brasil.Palavras-chave: cartas manuscritas; crítica textual; estado do Amazonas; paleografia.Abstract: Supported by the theoretical-methodological assumptions of Cambraia (2005), Costa (2006), Flexor (1990), Núñez Contreras (1994) and Riesco Terrero (1999), we propose a paleographic study of three unpublished handwritten letters of 1890, referring to commercial affairs of the company J. G. Araújo e Cia Ltda, which are under the custody of the Amazonian Museum in the city of Manaus (AM), Brazil. The present study deals with material aspects, constitutive elements of writing, orthographic characteristics, development and typology of abbreviations, letter editions and, finally, a parallel is drawn between the graphic specificities of the three letters with three others letters, also related to the end of the nineteenth century, but from another region in Brazil.Keywords: handwritten letters; textual criticism; state of Amazonas; paleography.

The Extraordinary Nineteenth Century

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra E. Bonura
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Public Education ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Women's Rights ◽  
Women’S Rights ◽  
Political Democracy ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Westward Expansion

This chapter places Pope in her 19th-century era and presents the major themes including immigration, westward expansion, the rise of industrial America, the growth of political democracy, women’s rights, temperance, public education, slavery, the Civil War, and more. The three periods of time—early, middle and late 19th century—show women’s advancement in the educational arena and their “call to teach.” The histories of Mount Holyoke and Oberlin are succinctly offered.

Conceptualisations of agoraphobia: implications for mental health promotion

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 37-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicity Callard
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Public Space ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Mental Health Promotion ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The City

Agoraphobia emerged as a named disorder in the 1870s. Since then a wide variety of models ‐ both clinical and non‐clinical ‐ have been devised to explain it. This paper describes four of these models to demonstrate and explore the significance for mental health promotion of their different conceptualisations of agoraphobia in relation to the city, to public space and to the individual. Of particular interest is the shift in the gendering of agoraphobia: while late 19th century accounts tended to feature men, by the mid 20th century the archetype of someone who experiences agoraphobia had become female. The implications of this variance and subsequent decisions about intervention and cure, it is argued, demonstrate the importance of conceptualisation in debates about mental health promotion.

scholarly journals Nieznany złotniczy znak miejski Gdańska z czwartej ćwierci XVII w.

Porta Aurea ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 135-140
Author(s):  
Jacek Kriegseisen
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Stylistic Analysis ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Additional Control ◽  
Actual Use ◽  
The City ◽  
Precise Time

Goldmisth’s hallmarks, particularly city ones used within the territory of the PolishLithuanian Commonwealth, have been the object of interest of numerous scholars since the late 19th century. The reason being that not only do they facilitate the attribution of definite historic silverware pieces to a definite goldsmithery centre, but they are also helpful when the results of stylistic analysis prove too wide too define a more precise time of their creation. Puncheons used to stamp city hallmarks on silver, as is proven by the preserved historic pieces, depending on the intensity of use and degree of wear, were in service either for a shorter time: a year or several years, or a longer time, sometimes some dozen years. For this reason it is hard or almost impossible to ascertain which Guild’s Elder, alternating yearly, authorized to stamp the city hallmark, actually marked the product. The problem disappeared only when in Gdansk the duty to stamp a peculiar countersignature, namely an additional control sign, was introduced in 1730. The hallmark presented in the paper is a previously unrecorded version of the city of Gdansk’s hallmark, whose use can now be dated to 1683–1688, though it was in actual use for a shorter time. However, already with such-defined chronology of the use of hallmarks Nos. 5A–E, a more precise dating of historic pieces of Gdańsk goldsmithery is possible.

scholarly journals Science, Fashion, Knowledge and Imagination: Shopfront Natural History in 19th-Century Sydney

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Coote
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Natural History ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Ongoing Process ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City

Natural history dealers' shops offered colour, interest and occasional sensation to the people of mid-nineteenth century Sydney. This essay examines the nature of shop-front natural history enterprise in this period, and its significance in the history of the city and the wider colony. It begins by discussing dealers and their businesses, going on to argue for the role both played in the ongoing process of colonisation. In particular, it highlights the contribution made to those aspects of territorial appropriation which were taking place in the imaginations of Sydney's inhabitants.

scholarly journals Remove the Wounds in the City (Policy) for Lepers in Surabaya in the 19th Century

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Moordiati Moordiati
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Many ◽  
City Policy ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The City

This article aims to discuss about the treatment of people with leprosy (leprosy) in Surabaya during the nineteenth century.  The maltreatment can not be ignored since their existence was never really desirable  in the city, let alone the many stigmas that had already been attached to them. It is not unusual if people had the desire to  "remove" them from the city.  But apparently this action also not an easy matter to bring about, especially amid the presence of a wide range of arguments and the final decision as to whether or not "deletion" ( forced exile) supported the removal of  those lepers that occurred during this period.Keywords Lepers - Surabaya - policy - deletion - forced exile. 

scholarly journals ROCHAS DO PATRIMÔNIO HISTÓRICO CONSTRUÍDO DE PONTA GROSSA, PR

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Liccardo ◽  
Samara Moleta Alessi ◽  
Mariane Louro de Lima
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Igneous Rocks ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Source Areas ◽  
The Past ◽  
Heritage Buildings ◽  
The City ◽  
Source Of Information

ResumoPonta Grossa (PR) foi fundada em 1862 e se localiza na divisa entre o Primeiro Planalto Paranaense (Embasamento Cristalino) e Segundo Planalto Paranaense (rochas ígneas e sedimentares da Bacia do Paraná), apresentando um patrimônio urbanístico especial, construído a partir da geodiversidade local que é característica. Um levantamento das rochas utilizadas na urbanização do centro antigo do município foi realizado, a partir de um mapa de 1920 e pesquisa bibliográfica correlacionada ao levantamento de campo. O conjunto histórico se constitui de um complexo ferroviário instalado em fins do século XIX, praça matriz e arredores, conforme o mapa que apresenta os limites do município até então. As rochas reconhecidas nesse conjunto são provenientes de antigas pedreiras da região e de outras localidades a partir do possível transporte por trem. Pavimentos antigos, blocos de cantaria e detalhes arquitetônicos das edificações tombadas como patrimônio foram analisados e, entre os resultados, um mapa esquemático foi elaborado compilando os dados disponíveis. Muitas calçadas e construções históricas mostraram informações sobre o passado que presenciaram, mas comumente são negligenciadas como fonte de informação e boa parte vem sendo destruída ou descaracterizada. Este estudo aponta a necessidade de preservação e manutenção adequada em algumas calçadas e outros detalhes arquitetônicos. A informação levantada sobre as rochas presentes nas edificações ou sobre as possíveis áreas fonte dos materiais pode subsidiar ações de restauro ou preservação da memória no planejamento urbano, além de constituir um campo para educação patrimonial. Palavras Chave: rochas, patrimônio construído, Ponta GrossaAbstractSTONES OF THE HISTORIC HERITAGE BUILT OF PONTA GROSSA, PR. The city of Ponta Grossa (PR) was founded in 1862 and is located on the border between Paraná Plateau (Crystalline) and Second Plateau of Paraná (sedimentary and igneous rocks of the Paraná Basin), presenting a special urban heritage, built from the local geodiversity. A research about rocks used in the area of old Center was carried out, from a map of 1920 and bibliographical research correlated the field survey. The heritage buildings are constituted by a railway complex installed in the late 19th century, the main church square and its surroundings, as the map used exposes the limits of the municipality (1920). The rocks recognized in this set are from ancient quarries of the region and other places possible coming by train. Antique flooring, masonry blocks and architectural details of old buildings were analyzed and, among the results, a schematic map was put together by compiling available data. Many sidewalks and historical constructions showed information about the past, but commonly are neglected as a source of information and much has been destroyed or mischaracterized. This study points out the need for preservation and proper maintenance on some sidewalks and other architectural details. The information up on the rocks present in the buildings or on carries(possible source areas of materials) can help actions of restoration or memory preservation in urban planning, in addition to be a field for heritage education.Keywords: dimension stones, cultural heritage, Ponta Grossa

why brazil did not develop a merchant marine; brazilian shipping and the world in the 19t h century

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Birgitte Holten
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
The United States ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Merchant Marine ◽  
The World ◽  
African Slaves ◽  
External Sector

The weak performance of the Brazilian merchant marine is surprising, as a huge external sector is normally expected to gohand in hand with the development of anational merchant marine. To elucidate this question, the article proposes an analysis and discussion of the development of the Brazilian merchant marine in the nineteenth century. The early focus on the extremely specialized importation of African slaves led to a near abandon of long distance shipping when this trade was banned in 1830. The same tendency to desist from exterior shipping can also be found in the United States in the late 19th century. A comparison of the two countries demonstrates, that the need for developing the national territory and for providing transportation facilities for the growing interior economies diverted the concentration from exterior ventures tonational ones.

Nineteenth-Century Arabic Writings On Women And Society: The Interim Role Of The Masonic Press In Cairo — (Al-Lata'if, 1885–1895)

1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byron D. Cannon
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Middle East ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Body Politic ◽  
Social Attitudes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Considerable Importance ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
General Terms

This article, which draws largely from Arabica press sources from 1885 to 1900, seeks to sharpen our view of social attitudes reflected in the activities of local Freemasons in Egypt and Syria during the last decades of the Ottoman Empite. A number of earlier historians have attached considerable importance to pre- and post-1908 masonic orders and Ottoman politics. Too few, however, have tried to analyze ways in which essential social themes, some widely recognized as having importance across international and intercultural lines, were viewed through the perspective of late 19th-century Freemasonry. A first task in this introduction, therefore, will be to see how Masons in Europe and the Middle East viewed, or were presumed to view, a number of such social themes in general terms. We will then turn to one specific issue which clearly assumed more than passing importance as a propagandistic cause pursued by a small but influential group of Masons in Syria and Egypt over nearly two decades' time. We may tentatively suggest that the purpose of such endeavors was to encourage majority acceptance of the relevance and value of a cause espoused for the body politic as a whole, without necessary reference to its original, here clearly minority, proponents.

The Landscape of Display: The Ashcan School, Spectacle, and the Staging of Everyday Life

Prospects ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 205-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Fairman
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
American City ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Ashcan School ◽  
Urban Scene ◽  
The City

With the late-19th-Century rise of the metropolis came new ways of seeing in the American city. Observers attempting to decipher the “mysteries” of an urban landscape radically transformed by industrial and mercantile capitalism responded in a variety of ways: some chose to portray the “underside” of the city, some its expansive beauty, others its vast and disorienting scale. But what these different perspectives share is an assumption that one can comprehend and order the sprawling urban scene through a knowledge and experience predicated on sight; to “see” the city is, quite literally, to understand it.

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