scholarly journals Efektifitas Dosis Biofungisida Pelet Trichoderma sp. Untuk Mencegah Perkembangan Jamur Ganoderma boninense Pada Pembibitan Kelapa Sawit

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ikhsan Ikhsan ◽  
Hartati Oktarina ◽  
Tjut Chamzurni
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Age Factors ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Effective Dosage ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Ganoderma Boninense ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Trichoderma Sp ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Rot Disease

Abstrak. Ganoderma boninense adalah jamur patogen yang mengakibatkan tanaman yang belum menghasilkan dan tanaman menghasilkan pada kelapa sawit menjadi layu dan mati. Alternatif pengendalian yang dapat dilakukan untuk mencegah penyakit busuk pangkal batang (BPB) yang disebabkan jamur G.boninense pada bibit kelapa sawit adalah pengendalian biologis biofungisida pelet yang mengandung spesies Trichoderma harzianum dan Trichoderma virens. Faktor yang menentukan berhasilnya bioungisida pelet adalah dosis yang digunakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dosis efektif biofungisida pelet untuk mencegah penyakit BPB. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Non Faktorial yang terdiri dari 7 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Tiap unit terdiri dai 4 bibit yang masing-masing ditanam pada 1 kg/polibag. Perlakuannya menggunakan dosis biofungisida pelet spesies T. harzianum dan T. Virens yaitu 0, 1.5, 2.5 dan 3.5 g/polybag. Data pengamatan yang diperoleh dari hasil analisis sidik ragam akan dilakukan uji lanjut Beda nyata terkecil (BNT) apabila perlakuan berbeda nyata. Hasil penelitian dari uji beberapa dosis biofungisida pelet spesies T. harzianum dan T.  virens pada masa inkubasi dan Persentase tanaman terserang menunjukkan pengaruh sangat nyata dalam mencegah jamur G. boninense. Pada jumlah daun  120 HSI juga menunjukkan pengaruh nyata terhadap beberapa dosis biofungisida pelet Trichoderma dan pengaruh faktor usia dari kelapa sawit.Effectivity Doses of Pellet biofungicides Trichoderma sp.To Prevent Fungal Development of Genoderma boninense In Oil Palm NusreriesAbstract. Ganoderma boninense is pathogenic fungi that attacks immature plants and plants producing oil palm be withered and died. Alternative control that can be done to prevent basal stem rot disease (BPB) which is caused by G. boninense on oil palm seeds is biological control of pellet biofungicides including T. harzianum  and  T. Virens species. The factor that determines the success of pellet biofungicide is the dose used. This study aims to determine the effective dosage of pellet biofungicides to prevent BPB. This research was using a Non Factorial Completely Randomized Design consisting of 7 treatments and 3 replications. The treatment used doses of pellet biofungicide of T. harzianum and T. Virens species which are 0, 1.5, 2.5 and 3.5 g / polybag. Observation data was obtained from the results of the using variance that will be carried out by the least significant differences (LSD)  if the treatment is significantly different. The study results of several doses of pellet biofungicide T.  harzianum and T. Virens species during the incubation period and the percentage of attacked plants showed a very significant influence in preventing G.boninense fungi. The number of leaves  120 HSI also showed a significant effect on several doses of Trichoderma pellet biofungicide and the influence of age factors from oil palm.

Aplikasi Trichoderma viride menekan perkembangan Ganoderma boninense di main nursery kelapa sawit media gambut

Jurnal Agro ◽  
10.15575/7143 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-234
Author(s):  
Yusmar Mahmud ◽  
Zen Molish Purba ◽  
Ahmad Darmawi
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Optimal Management ◽  
Ganoderma Boninense ◽  
Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Rot Disease

Pembibitan kelapa sawit sering terkendala akibat pengelolaannya belum optimal, sehingga mempengaruhi  produksi  kelapa sawit. Salah satu kendala kelapa sawit adalah penyakit busuk pangkal batang disebabkan oleh Ganoderma boninense.  Pengendalian penyakit busuk pangkal batang diperlukan teknik yang tepat terutama pengendalian yang bersifat ramah lingkungan, seperti Trichoderma viride. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan antagonisme jamur Trichoderma viride untuk menekan perkembangan Ganoderma boninense secara in vitro dan bibit tanaman kelapa sawit umur 7-9 bulan (main nursery). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari 2019 – Maret 2019 di Laboratorium Patologi, Entomologi dan Mikrobiologi dan di Lahan Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian dan Peternakan UIN Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau. Metode Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) non faktorial dengan 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi 25 g Trichoderma viride mampu menurunkan intensitas serangan Ganoderma boninense menjadi 22,90%. Sehingga pemberian dosis 25 g merupakan dosis yang efektif untuk menurunkan intensitas serangan Ganoderma boninense pada kelapa sawit umur 7-9 bulan (main nursery). Elais guienensis Jacq seedlings in nursery main are often constrained due to less optimal management, affecting the oil palm production. One that opposes oil palm is a rotten disease caused by Ganoderma boninense. Control of stem rot disease requires appropriate suspended technique which is environmentally friendly, such as Trichoderma viride application. Trichoderma viride was applied to supress the development of Ganoderma boninense in in vitro and Elais guienensis Jacq seedlings aged 7-9 months (main nursery). This research was conducted in January - March 2019 at Pathology, Entomology and Microbiology Laboratory and at Experimental Field of Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, UIN Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau. This research method used a non factorial completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 5 replications. The result proved that the application of 25 g of Trichoderma viride could supress up to 22.90% the development of Ganoderma boninense. Therefore dose of 25 g T. viride is more effective against Ganoderma boninense pathogen attack for Elais guienensis Jacq aged 7-9 months in main nursery.

scholarly journals Penggunaan Bahan Organik dan Kombinasinya dalam Formulasi Biofungisida Berbahan Aktif Jamur Trichoderma pseudokoningii Rifai. untuk Menghambat Jamur Ganoderma boninense Pat. secara in vitro

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Yetti Elfina ◽  
Muhammad Ali ◽  
Rachmad Saputra
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Ganoderma Boninense ◽  
Organic Matters ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Shrimp Shell ◽  
Trichoderma Pseudokoningii ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Range Test

Trichoderma pseudokoningii has been applied as a biocontrol agent against fungal plant pathogen, such as Ganoderma boninense, the cause of stem rot disease on palm oil plants. To be more effectively applicable in the field, some experiments have been employed to formulate T. pseudokoningii in a biofungicide formulation amended with organic matter as its main nutrient resource, zealot as a carrier agent and cocoyam powder as a mixture agent. A research has been conducted to study the effect of various organic matters and their combinations in a biofungicide formulation of T. pseudokoningii on growth inhibition to G. boninense in-vitro and to obtain the best organic matters and their combinations in enhancing the growth of T. pseudokoningii and yet inhibiting G. boninense. The research has been conducted in the Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Agriculture Faculty, University of Riau from May to August 2012, using a completely randomized design consisting of 15 treatments (bagasse, rice husk, shrimp shell, dregs, and their combinations) and 3 replications. The data were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance, followed by Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT). The results indicated that organic matters and their combinations in the biofungicide formulation significantly affected the antagonistic capacity of T. pseudokoningii in inhibiting the growth of G. boninense in vitro. Rice husk, bagases, bagasse+rice husks, and bagasse+dregs were the best organic matters in enhancing the growth of T. pseudokoningii and its capacity to inhibit G. boninense in-vitro. It can also be concluded that shrimp shell, bagasse+shrimp shell, rice husk+shrimp shell, shrimp shell+dregs and rice husk+shrimp shell+dregs totally inhibited the growth of T. pseudokoningii in the biofungicide formulation.

scholarly journals PKS-A Clade of Oil Palm Might Play Role During Defense Against Ganoderma boninense Infection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulfikar Achmad Tanjung ◽  
Redi Aditama ◽  
Condro Utomo ◽  
Tony Liwang ◽  
Reno Tryono
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Polyketide Synthase ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Ganoderma Boninense ◽  
Protein Database ◽  
Defense Compounds ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Phylogeny Analysis ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Root Tissues

ABSTRACTSPolyketide synthase (PKS) is an essential catalyzing enzyme in the polyketide (PK) biosynthesis pathway of bacteria, fungi and plants which have diverse beneficial functions such as antibiotic and antiparasitic. This study was aimed to identify specific plant type III PKSs in the African oil palm, Elaeis guineensis, and predict its biosynthesized metabolites as plant defense compounds against the most threatening fungal pathogen, Ganoderma boninense that causing the basal stem rot disease. We used the oil palm protein database to detect the presence of type III PKS domains using the HMMER version V3.1b2. An artificial inoculation was made on oil palm root tissues and RNA sequencing was performed to obtain the transcriptome profile after 7 days exposure to G. boninense. Among 40,421 proteins, we identified 38 of which containing type III PKS domains. Signal peptide signature motifs were absence in all PKSs suggesting their intracellular functions during the polyketide biosynthesis. A molecular phylogeny analysis reflected the relationships among these PKSs that clustered into PKS-A, -B and -C clades. Most of the PKS-A members were up-regulated after G. boninense infection, indicating their essential role in the biosynthesis of PK products which might needed for defense.

scholarly journals Kemampuan Penghambatan Formulasi Biofungisida Tepung Berbahan Aktif Trichoderma pseudokoningii Rifai Setelah Penyimpanan Terhadap Jamur Ganoderma boninense Pat. secara in vitro

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-110
Author(s):  
Rachmad Saputra ◽  
Yetti Elfina ◽  
Muhammad Ali
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
High Growth Rate ◽  
Ganoderma Boninense ◽  
Rice Husks ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Trichoderma Pseudokoningii

Trichoderma pseudokoningii fungus has been tested as biological control agents against several pathogenic fungi, including the Ganoderma boninense fungus which causes basal stem rot disease on oil palm. However, in-field testing, the efficacy of antagonistic microbes still showed unstable results. Therefore, it is necessary to package antagonistic microbes in the form of formulations. This study aimed to determine the effect of storage time of flour biofungicide formulations on the viability and antagonism of T. pseudokoningii Rifai in inhibiting the G. boninense pathogenic fungus in vitro.  The study was arranged in a Completely Randomized Design with 4 treatments: bagasse (F1), rice husks (F2), dregs (F4) and combinations of bagasse, rice husks and dregs (F12), with three replications.  The results showed that the powder biofungicide formulation of F2 (rice husk) was able to maintain the viability of the T. pseudokoningii fungus as indicated by the high number of conidia and high growth rate compared to the other formulations.  The T. pseudokoningii fungus in F2 formulation also showed the highest inhibition compared to other formulations after storage for 1 and 2 months. Keywords: biofungicide, formulation, Ganoderma boninense, Trichoderma pseudokoningii   ABSTRAK Jamur Trichoderma pseudokoningii telah banyak diuji sebagai jamur antagonis pada beberapa jamur patogen termasuk jamur Ganoderma boninense yang menyebabkan penyakit busuk pangkal batang tanaman kelapa sawit. Namun, pada pengujian di lapangan, efikasi mikroba antagonis masih menunjukkan hasil yang tidak stabil. Oleh karenaya perlu pengemasan mikroba antagonis dalam bentuk formulasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh waktu penyimpanan formulasi biofungisida tepung terhadap viabilitas dan daya antagonis T. Pseudokoningii Rifai dalam menghambat jamur G. boninense Pat. secara in vitro. Penelitian disusun dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan empat perlakuan: ampas tebu (F1), sekam padi (F2), dregs (F4) dan kombinasi ampas tebu, sekam padi dan dregs (F12), dengan tiga ulangan.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa formulasi biofungisida tepung F2 (sekam padi) mampu menjaga viabilitas jamur T. pseudokoningii yang ditunjukkan dengan banyaknya jumlah konidia dan tingginya kecepatan pertumbuhan dibandingkan dengan formulasi lainnya.  Jamur T. pseudokoningii pada formulasi F2 juga menunjukkan daya hambat tertinggi dibandingkan dengan formulasi lainnya setelah penyimpanan 1 dan 2 bulan. Kata kunci: biofungisida, formulasi, Ganoderma boninense, Trichoderma pseudokoningii

scholarly journals Exploration and Effectiveness of Trichoderma sp. from Jember and Trenggalek, East Java, Indonesia Cacao Plantation as A Biological Control of Phytophthora palmivora

2021 ◽  
Vol 226 ◽  
pp. 00022
Author(s):  
Henik Sukorini ◽  
Feby Wirasdenty Aigahayunindy ◽  
Erfan Dani Septia ◽  
Netnapis Khewkhom
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Phytophthora Palmivora ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Trichoderma Sp ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Cacao Plantation ◽  
All Treatment

Fruit rot disease is very damaging to cacao pods, which is caused by Phytoptora palmivora. The attack rate of P. palmivora varies. In Java, losses due to this disease reduce yields by 90 %. P. palmivora is a soil–borne pathogen. It is currently included in the Kingdom Chromista. Control with fungicides is not successful at this time, the alternatives is biologis control with Trichoderma sp. This research used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) which was arranged in factorial with two factors. The first factor was Trichoderma sp. the second factor was P. palmivora. All treatment combinations were repeated three times. Trichoderma sp. antagonist test to P. palmivora was analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and then further tested using a 5 % BNJ. Trichoderma sp. origin from Jember and Trenggalek districts, East Java, Indonesia were able to act as antagonists against P. palmivora with the highest inhibitory of 78 %. In comparison, the lowest inhibitory was 70 % of isolates from Jember district, East java, Indoe. Characteristics of Trichoderma sp. The origin of Trenggalek Regency and Jember Regency, East Java, Indonesia in inhibiting the growth of P. palmivora has the same species, namely Trichoderma harzianum.

scholarly journals Potensi Agen Hayati dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Phytium sp. secara In Vitro

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Liza Octriana
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Biological Agents ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Central Laboratory ◽  
Tropical Fruit ◽  
Penicillium Sp ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Trichoderma Sp

<p>The Potential of Biological Agents to Inhibit Growth of Phytium sp. In Vitro. The study aimed at testing the potential of some antagonistic fungi isolated from durian seedlings media to inhibit growth of Phytium sp. Research was done at the Central Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Research Solok in July-September 2009 by using a complete randomized design with 5 treatments and 4 replications. Tests was conducted by dual culture method on PDA. The results showed that Gliocladium sp., Trichoderma sp.a, Trichoderma sp.b, Aspergilus sp., and Penicillium sp. can inhibit growth of Phytium sp., with growth inhibition of 50, 49.5, 47, 48, and 38.3% respectively. Inhibition mecanism of Gliocladium sp., and Trichoderma sp. were competition, antibiosis, lisis, and parasitism, while Penicillium sp. was antibiosis. Gliocladium sp., Trichoderma sp.a, Trichoderma sp.b, Aspergilus sp., and Penicillium sp. can be used as biological agents to control pathogenic fungi Phytium sp.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Penelitian bertujuan untuk menguji potensi beberapa cendawan antagonis hasil isolasi dari media pembibitan durian dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Phytium sp. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Balai Penelitian Tanaman Buah Tropika Solok pada bulan Juli-September 2010. Penelitian disusun dalam rancangan acak lengkap dengan 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Pengujian daya antagonis cendawan dilakukan dengan metode dual culture yang diinokulasikan pada media PDA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Gliocladium sp., Trichoderma sp.a, Trichoderma sp.b., Aspergilus sp., dan Penicillium sp. dapat menghambat pertumbuhan Phytium sp. secara in vitro, dengan daya hambat masing-masing 50; 49,5; 47; 48; dan 38,3% secara berurutan. Mekanisme antagonis Gliocladium sp. dan Trichoderma sp. adalah kompetisi, antibiosis, lisis, dan parasitisme, sedangkan Penicillium sp. hanya bersifat antibiosis. Gliocladium sp., Trichoderma sp., Aspergilus sp., dan Penicillium sp. dapat digunakan sebagai agen hayati untuk mengendalikan cendawan patogen Phytium sp.</p>

scholarly journals RNA-seq data of Ganoderma boninense at axenic culture condition and under in planta pathogen-oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) interaction

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mui Yun Wong ◽  
Nisha T. Govender ◽  
Chia Sui Ong
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Axenic Culture ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Ganoderma Boninense ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Rot Disease

Abstract Objective Basal stem rot disease causes severe economic losses to oil palm production in South-east Asia and little is known on the pathogenicity of the pathogen, the basidiomyceteous Ganoderma boninense. Our data presented here aims to identify both the house-keeping and pathogenicity genes of G. boninense using Illumina sequencing reads. Description The hemibiotroph G. boninense establishes via root contact during early stage of colonization and subsequently kills the host tissue as the disease progresses. Information on the pathogenicity factors/genes that causes BSR remain poorly understood. In addition, the molecular expressions corresponding to G. boninense growth and pathogenicity are not reported. Here, six transcriptome datasets of G. boninense from two contrasting conditions (three biological replicates per condition) are presented. The first datasets, collected from a 7-day-old axenic condition provide an insight onto genes responsible for sustenance, growth and development of G. boninense while datasets of the infecting G. boninense collected from oil palm-G. boninense pathosystem (in planta condition) at 1 month post-inoculation offer a comprehensive avenue to understand G. boninense pathogenesis and infection especially in regard to molecular mechanisms and pathways. Raw sequences deposited in Sequence Read Archive (SRA) are available at NCBI SRA portal with PRJNA514399, bioproject ID.

scholarly journals Screening of Fungi from Oil Palm Rhizosphere in Peat Soils and the Potential as Biological Agents against Ganoderma boninense

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-49
Author(s):  
Fifi Puspita ◽  
Isna Rahma Dini ◽  
Dermala Sari
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Biological Agents ◽  
Ganoderma Boninense ◽  
Peat Soils ◽  
Rhizosphere Fungi ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Trichoderma Isolate

 One of the diseases that attack oil palm plants is stem rot disease. Control efforts that can be done is to use rhizosphere fungi from oil palm plants in peat soils. This study aimed to select fungi from rhizosphere of oil palm plants in peat soil based on morphological characteristics and test their potential as biological agents against Ganoderma boninense. This research was conducted by exploration, observation and experiment by using complete randomized design (RAL). The parameters observed were macroscopic characteristics of fungi from oil palm rhizosphere, disease severity index, fungus inhibition power from oil palm rhizosphere to G. boninense, colony diameter and growth rate of high antagonist rhizosphere fungus, hyperparasitic type of fungus from rhizosphere of oil palm plant with G. boninense and the morphological characteristics of fungi from high antagonist rhizosphere in macroscopic and microscopic. The results showed that 12 rhizosphere fungi isolates and 4 isolates were antagonist to G. boninense. Isolate J5 has a high antagonist power of 70.26% and is a genus Trichoderma, isolate J7 belongs to the genus Trichoderma, isolate J10 genus Aspergillus and isolate J12 genus Mucor.

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