scholarly journals Kajian Sustainabilitas Program Indonesia Sehat dengan Pendekatan Keluarga (PIS-PK)

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 603-614
Author(s):  
Shofiyatul Masyiyah ◽  
Roesdiyanto Roesdiyanto ◽  
Dian Mawarni
Keyword(s):  
Home Visits ◽  
Political Support ◽  
City Government ◽  
Community Leaders ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Research Guidelines ◽  
Family Approach ◽  
Community Evaluation

Abstract: The results of the Healthy Indonesia Program with a Family Approach (PIS-PK) have not yet reached 100 percent. Home visits and intervention activities occur in their implementation at the national and regional levels. The follow-up intervention was carried out by 32 percent of the Puskesmas in Indonesia. The implementation of PIS-PK in Malang City also in the 2017-2019 period reached 40 percent of home visits and has not been maximized in follow-up interventions. This study was conducted to determine the occurrence of the PIS-PK program in Malang City. This research is a qualitative descriptive study with a cross-sectional approach. The variables studied in this study were political support and community leaders, communication, and evaluation of the PIS-PK program. Instruments in the form of research guidelines were carried out by collecting data in this study carried out with structured interviews from the person in charge of the PIS-PK program. The data analysis of this research was done by reducing and drawing conclusions from the interviews. Political support and community leaders are carried out at the Puskesmas level with RT, RW, Kelurahan but the city government does not support it optimally. Communications carried out at PIS-PK are top to down using social media in establishing cross-sectoral collaboration and the wider community. Evaluation of the PIS-PK program in Malang City is carried out twice a year through an integrated application. Abstrak: Hasil capaian Program Indonesia Sehat dengan Pendekatan Keluarga (PIS-PK) belum mencapai 100 persen. Kegiatan kunjungan rumah dan intervensi terjadi ketimpangan dalam pelaksanaannya pada tingkat nasional maupun daerah. Pelaksanaan intervensi lanjutan dilakukan sebanyak 32 persen Puskesmas di Indonesia. Pelaksanaan PIS-PK di Kota Malang juga dalam periode 2017-2019 mencapai 40 persen kunjungan rumah dan belum maksimal dalam intervensi lanjutan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kapasitas keberlanjutan program PIS-PK di Kota Malang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Variabel yang diteliti dalam penelitian ini adalah dukungan politik dan tokoh masyarakat, komunikasi, dan evaluasi program PIS-PK  Instrumen penelitian ini dilakukan dengan human instrumen berupa pedoman wawancara Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini dilakukan dengan wawancara terstruktur kepada informan yang terdiri dari penanggung jawab program PIS-PK. Analisis data penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara mereduksi dan menarik kesimpulan hasil wawancara. Dukungan politik dan tokoh masyarakat dilakukan di tingkat Puskesmas dengan RT, RW, Kelurahan namun pemerintah kota tidak dukungan yang maksimal. Komunikasi yang dilakukan pada PIS-PK ini secara top to down dengan menggunakan media sosial dalam menjalin kerjasama lintas sektor maupun masyarakat luas. Evaluasi program PIS-PK di Kota Malang dilakukan selama dua kali dalam setahun melalui aplikasi yang telah terintegrasi.

scholarly journals Doctors’ views of disulfiram and their response to relapse in alcohol-dependent patients, Free State, 2009

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulina M. Van Zyl
Keyword(s):  
Free State ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Quantitative Results ◽  
Level Of Motivation ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
External Motivation

Background: Disulfiram is the oldest and best known drug to prevent relapse after detoxification from alcohol. Effective use of the drug is dependent on stringent monitoring and high levels of external motivation. Doctors’ perceptions about the drug have not been investigated extensively.Aim: We investigated the perceptions and practices of doctors involved in relapse prevention in alcoholics with regard to disulfiram and their response to relapse.Setting: The study population consisted of 60 doctors from the Free State Province, involved in the follow-up of alcoholics across various work settings.Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study design was used, and data collection involved the use of a questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. Quantitative results are presented in figures and percentages to provide a background for the qualitative findings that are clustered in themes.Results: A quarter of participants did not prescribe disulfiram, another quarter prescribed disulfiram routinely after detoxification, and half of them prescribed it for selected cases only. Subject to affordability, selection of disulfiram was mainly determined by the perceived level of the patient’s motivation. External motivation sometimes took the form of threats of bodily harm or death caused by drinking. Some participants regarded relapse as confirmation of poor motivation and even a valid reason for terminating the doctor-patient relationship.Conclusion: Doctors perceive disulfiram as a psychological tool to induce motivation through creating fear of drinking. Failure and success are perceived as related to the level of motivation. These perceptions could be unfair as biological factors in inter-patient variability in response are ignored.

scholarly journals An Exploratory Case Study Utilizing a Health in All Policies Approach to Improve Health in the City of Montclair

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Alyssa Colunga
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Logic Model ◽  
Political Support ◽  
Community Leaders ◽  
Health In All Policies ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Document Review ◽  
The City ◽  
Improve Health

Rates of chronic disease are a long-term problem in the City of Montclair, a predominately high minority community with low socioeconomic status and limited resources. There is a need for leadership in small local jurisdictions, such as Montclair, to champion sustainable and effective health promotion strategies that meet the needs of its citizens and is accessible and tailored to the population.The purpose of this case study is to utilize a cross-sector social ecological lens to develop strategies for the City of Montclair to improve health through a collaborative health in all policies (HiAP) approach. This analysis of HiAP as a means to improve health, includes the incidence of chronic disease, uses document review and semi-structured interviews to adapt a logic model meant to guide a HiAP initiative for the City of Montclair. It also identifies the next steps in guiding a future HiAP initiative. Stakeholders within the City of Montclair were recruited to provide feedback on utilizing a HiAP approach to improve health. Five stakeholders participated in semi-structured interviews and were asked about barriers to creating a HiAP initiative in Montclair, how messaging can be better tailored for multiple sectors to buy-in, the feasibility of engaging high-level stakeholders and community leaders, and the potential benefits of HiAP in Montclair. This study fills a major need for investigation of how local municipalities might begin a HiAP initiative. Five critical themes were derived from the document review and from the six interviews conducted with Montclair city staff and community leaders provide perspective and insight into plans for a HiAP initiative. The five overall themes mentioned by both include: (1) communications and messaging, (2) incorporating health into decision making, (3) assessments and data collection, (4) building awareness and political support, and (5) formalizing HiAP. HiAP is an approach to improve chronic disease rates and ensure that future decisions are cross-sectoral and made only after serious consideration of their impacts on health. Other small cities can use this as an example of how to examine their specific environments and determine what they need to do and how to employ the existing literature as they tailor a foundational logic model for their own use.

scholarly journals Postoperative improvement in acoustic rhinometry measurements after septoplasty correlates with long-term satisfaction

2013 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-175
Author(s):  
N.M. Toyserkani ◽  
T. Frisch ◽  
C. Von Buchwald
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Rhinometry ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cavity Volume ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Postoperative Improvement ◽  
Preoperative Patient

Background: Not much is known about long-term satisfaction of septoplasty. Our goal was to compare pre- and postoperative acoustic rhinometry measurements with satisfaction 11 years after surgery. Methodology: Acoustic rhinometry measurements were performed preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively. Satisfaction was evaluated with semi-structured interviews by telephone 11 years after surgery. Symptoms were evaluated using the NOSE score. Results: In total, 222 patients were interviewed and eligible to enter the study. Of these, 213 had preoperative acoustic rhinometry and 159 had postoperative acoustic rhinometry. In total, 157 patients had a complete data set. Mean follow-up time was 11.3 years. Patients satisfied with surgery had a bigger improvement in total minimum cross-sectional area before decongestion and total nasal cavity volume after decongestion. NOSE scores were not correlated with acoustic rhinometry measurements. Conclusion: Acoustic rhinometry could be a valuable tool for evaluating the results of septoplasty. Satisfaction at 11 years follow-up was associated with 3 months postoperative acoustic rhinometry improvements. Acoustic rhinometry did not show preoperative patient selection potential.

Study Design and Pre-Trial, Peer Review in EMS Research

1990 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald M. Yealy ◽  
Kevin H. Scruggs
Keyword(s):  
Peer Review ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Prehospital Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Research Guidelines ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Peer Review Journal ◽  
Prospective Trials ◽  
Study Designs

AbstractIn order to identify the study designs andthe type of pre-trial peer review in published EMS research, we reviewed three refereed emergency medicine journals during the period from 1985 through 1988. All original scientific manuscripts utilizing human subjects in prehospital care were analyzed. Ninety-six issues were examined, and 79 manuscripts met the criteria for analysis. The research design was cross-sectional in 7.5%, retrospective in 51%, and prospective in 41.5%. Pre-trial peer review had been sought in nine (11%). Each was performed by a hospital or university-based Institutional Review Board (IRB). Only four (5%) manuscripts contained statements about pre-trial peer review. All reviewed trials were prospective in design (9/33, 27%). A follow-up telephone survey of the authors of the non-reviewed prospective trials indicated that 96% were unaware of the potential need for pre-trial review, 16% anticipated difficulty obtaining approval from traditional IRB committees, and 11% feared that the protocol would be interfered with by the review committee.We conclude that 92.5% of the current published EMS research is retrospective or prospective in design, and that pre-trial peer review is not obtained in the majority of prehospital EMS research. Guidelines should be developed to educate EMS researchers about the need for and the value of pre-trial peer review. Journal editors should clearly state and enforce policies about manuscripts lacking information about pre-trial peer review when human subjects are involved.

State-of-the-art aortic imaging: Part II - applications in transcatheter aortic valve replacement and endovascular aortic aneurysm repair

VASA ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Rengier ◽  
Philipp Geisbüsch ◽  
Paul Schoenhagen ◽  
Matthias Müller-Eschner ◽  
Rolf Vosshenrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Open Surgical Repair ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Transcatheter Aortic Valve ◽  
Cross Sectional Imaging ◽  
Sectional Imaging

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) as well as thoracic and abdominal endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR and EVAR) rely on accurate pre- and postprocedural imaging. This review article discusses the application of imaging, including preprocedural assessment and measurements as well as postprocedural imaging of complications. Furthermore, the exciting perspective of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) based on cross-sectional imaging is presented. TAVR is a minimally invasive alternative for treatment of aortic valve stenosis in patients with high age and multiple comorbidities who cannot undergo traditional open surgical repair. Given the lack of direct visualization during the procedure, pre- and peri-procedural imaging forms an essential part of the intervention. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) is the imaging modality of choice for preprocedural planning. Routine postprocedural follow-up is performed by echocardiography to confirm treatment success and detect complications. EVAR and TEVAR are minimally invasive alternatives to open surgical repair of aortic pathologies. CTA constitutes the preferred imaging modality for both preoperative planning and postoperative follow-up including detection of endoleaks. Magnetic resonance imaging is an excellent alternative to CT for postoperative follow-up, and is especially beneficial for younger patients given the lack of radiation. Ultrasound is applied in screening and postoperative follow-up of abdominal aortic aneurysms, but cross-sectional imaging is required once abnormalities are detected. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound may be as sensitive as CTA in detecting endoleaks.

Psychological Resilience Provides No Independent Protection From Suicidal Risk

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danica W. Y. Liu ◽  
A. Kate Fairweather-Schmidt ◽  
Richard Burns ◽  
Rachel M. Roberts ◽  
Kaarin J. Anstey
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Psychological Resilience ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Life Project ◽  
Resilience Factors ◽  
First Time

Abstract. Background: Little is known about the role of resilience in the likelihood of suicidal ideation (SI) over time. Aims: We examined the association between resilience and SI in a young-adult cohort over 4 years. Our objectives were to determine whether resilience was associated with SI at follow-up or, conversely, whether SI was associated with lowered resilience at follow-up. Method: Participants were selected from the Personality and Total Health (PATH) Through Life Project from Canberra and Queanbeyan, Australia, aged 28–32 years at the first time point and 32–36 at the second. Multinomial, linear, and binary regression analyses explored the association between resilience and SI over two time points. Models were adjusted for suicidality risk factors. Results: While unadjusted analyses identified associations between resilience and SI, these effects were fully explained by the inclusion of other suicidality risk factors. Conclusion: Despite strong cross-sectional associations, resilience and SI appear to be unrelated in a longitudinal context, once risk/resilience factors are controlled for. As independent indicators of psychological well-being, suicidality and resilience are essential if current status is to be captured. However, the addition of other factors (e.g., support, mastery) makes this association tenuous. Consequently, resilience per se may not be protective of SI.

Theoretical and Methodological Problems of a 10-Year Follow-Up Program Evaluation Study

2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurt A. Heller ◽  
Ralph Reimann
Keyword(s):  
Program Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Studies ◽  
Evaluation Study ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Partial Inclusion ◽  
Methodological Problems

Summary In this paper, conceptual and methodological problems of school program evaluation are discussed. The data were collected in conjunction with a 10 year cross-sectional/longitudinal investigation with partial inclusion of control groups. The experiences and conclusions resulting from this long-term study are revealing not only from the vantage point of the scientific evaluation of new scholastic models, but are also valuable for program evaluation studies in general, particularly in the field of gifted education.

Hearing Outcome of Stapes Surgery in NIENT, Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Md Zakaria Sarkar ◽  
AHM Ferdows Nur ◽  
Utpal Kumar Dutta ◽  
Muhammad Rafiqul Islam ◽  
Debabrota Roy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Surgical Trauma ◽  
Group 14 ◽  
Progressive Hearing Loss ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hearing Gain ◽  
Hearing Outcome

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate hearing outcome after stapedotomy in patients with Otosclerosis. Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out from July 2017 to January 2019 in National Institute of ENT, Unit V. About 22 patients with Otosclerosis were included in this study. Diagnosis of Otosclerosis was based on the history, medical status with Otoscopy, Tuning fork tests and Audiometric tests. We compiled data on the pre and post operative air-bone gap (ABG) at 0.5, 1, 2 KHZ. The ABG was Calculated using AC and BC thresholds on the same audiogram. Post operative hearing gain was then Calculated from the ABG before the operation minus the ABG of the last follow up examination Results: In this study most of the cases were age group 14-30 years (72.7%), female (54.5%). Most common symptoms was progressive hearing loss, tinnitus (77.8%).The average preoperative hearing loss in this study was (AC) was 48.31±7.68. The average post opt. hearing (AC) at follow up was 28.95±10.30 with an average hearing gain of 15.40±8.53 dB which was significant. The average pre-operative ABG was 28.99 dB ± 8.10. The average post opt. ABG was analyzed at 1 follow up showed ABG 13.18±8.09 dB which was found to be significant. Conclusion: Stapedotomy is an effective surgical procedure for the treatment of otosclerosis which leads to improvement in patient’s quality of life. A favorable hearing outcome can be obtained by the combination of experienced hands with minimal surgical trauma and appropriate surgical technique. Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; April 2020; 26(1): 31-36

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