scholarly journals Comparison of Diatoms Which Were Obtained from The External Surface of The Body and Internal Organs in the Corpses Pulled Out of Water Using Colloidal Silica Gradient Centrifuge Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Çiler Fulya Erkan ◽  
Gürsel Çetin
Keyword(s):  
Colloidal Silica ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
The Body ◽  
Acid Digestion ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Centrifuge Method ◽  
Nitric Acid Digestion ◽  
Diatom Test

 Objective: Diatom analysis is a valuable tool in forensic science and it is useful in diagnosis of drowning and determination of the drowning site. The basic principal of the “diatom test” in investigation of drowning is based on correlation between diatoms are present in the medium where the possible drowning took place and inhalation of water causes penetration of diatoms into the alveolar system and blood stream and consequently their deposition into brain, kidneys and other organs, like the bone marrow of large bones. There are various extraction methods that are used to isolate diatoms from water and tissues. Nitric acid digestion is a worlwide known method for the extraction of diatoms. In this study, instead of acid digestion method, colloidal silica gradient centrifuge method was used to extraction diatom and the advantages of this technique has been aimed to be discussed. Materials and Methods: Therefore, 30 visceral and body fluid samples that have been obtained from corpses which were removed from the water and brought to the Council of Forencic Medicine to perform autopsy, were examined and diatom were obtained from samples of 19 cases. Moreover, the diatoms that were obtained from the swab samples taken from the outer body surfaces and the diatoms obtained from the visceral organs were compared. Results:  When the diatoms which were obtained from internal organs tissues and body fluids were evaluated numerically, it was seen that the diatoms that were obtained lungs were in high numbers and it was followed by pleural liquid...

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF THE FREQUENCY OF STAB-CUT DAMAGES OF INTERNAL ORGANS AND THE CONDITIONS OF THEIR CAUSES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksey A. Devyaterikov
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Average Depth ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Medical Examinations

Aim. Determination of the frequency of stab-cut damages of internal organs and the conditions of their causes. Material and methods. The article presents the results of a retrospective statistical study of the conclusions of the forensic medical examinations of the corpses of the Khabarovsk State Forensic Bureau for the period from 2014-2018. Results. The frequency of injury with sharp objects, the most commonly damaged internal organs during stab-cut wounds and the average depth of the wound channels both in the body as a whole and separately for internal organs were established in the course of the study.

scholarly journals Septicemia caused by Micrococcus luteus. Example of a clinical case

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2(98)) ◽  
pp. 154-157
Author(s):  
S. Fedorenko ◽  
I. Pestushko ◽  
N. Prykuda ◽  
A. Zadorozhnyi
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Micrococcus Luteus ◽  
The Body ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Normal Microflora ◽  
Inpatient Department

Micrococcus luteus is a representative of normal microflora of the human skin, which is commonly localized on open surfaces of the body. Dissemination of the agent with disease development is possible if intactness of the skin is impaired. Aim of the paper – to present a clinical case of septicemia caused by Micrococcus luteus.Results. A clinical case of septicemia, caused by Micrococcus luteus, in a 39-year-old patient treated in an inpatient department of Infectious Diseases Communal Clinical Hospital in Lviv. Conclusion. A presented clinical case demonstrates a severe course of septicemia caused by Micrococcus luteus with involvement of internal organs in the process, in particular, accompaniment of community-acquired left-sided pneumonia, exudative pleurisy, pericarditis, and meningitis. Although antibacterial therapy was prescribed to this patient on admission to an inpatient department, the result in treatment could be achieved only after thorough additional examination of the patient, conduction of proper bacteriological tests and determination of sensitivity of the agent to antibacterial medicines.

Diatoms and Forensic Science

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 181-190
Author(s):  
Benjamin P. Horton
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Science ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
The Body ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Analogue Matching ◽  
Informal Assessment ◽  
Diatom Test ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Site Of Drowning

The application of diatom analysis in determining whether drowning was the cause of death has proved to be a valuable tool in forensic science. The basic principal of the “diatom test” in drowning is based on inference that diatoms are present in the medium where the possible drowning took place and that the inhalation of water causes penetration of diatoms into the alveolar system and blood stream, and thus, their deposition into the brain, kidneys, and other organs.I provide an informal assessment of “reliability” of the “diatom test” through correlations between control samples and samples from organs and clothing in two case studies. In studies, all organ and clothing samples except one had matching analogues in the modern diatom dataset from the body recovery sites, reinforcing drowning as the cause of death. The analogue matching provides further information on the precise site of drowning, in particular differentiating between drowning in a bathtub versus a naturally occurring body of water.

scholarly journals Crimes against Benefits of Organs in Fiqh and Penal System of Iran

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Jamal Asayeshi ◽  
Khalil Afandak
Keyword(s):  
General Rule ◽  
The Body ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Material Forces ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Religious Books ◽  
Heart Beating ◽  
Full Compensation ◽  
Blood Money

Benefits of organs refer to non-material forces put by God in human organs definite or indefinitely e.g. eyesight in the eyes, wisdom in brain, or heart beating. The benefits of internal organs are like the organs outside the body and is under cover of the general rule of whatever there is only one of it in the body, the blood money will be a full one. Many scholars have mentioned the obligation for a full compensation for destruction of each organ. Several studies have been conducted on the elimination of benefits or determination of the value of the organ in religious regulatory books and their evaluation in Islamic jurisdiction and Islamic penal code. This penalty is sometimes called blood money or in other cases compensation. This money is determined by religious codes and should be paid by the criminal for compensating the damage induced by him. Elaboration on these benefits in religious books and then discussing the rules and regulations and finally comparing them with Iranian legal system is the goal followed by the author of the present work.

Comparison of Wet Ashing and Dry Ashing for the Determination of Arsenic in Marine Organisms, Using Methylated Arsenicals for Standards

1974 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 1363-1365 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F Uthe ◽  
Harry C Freeman ◽  
John R Johnston ◽  
Paula Michalik
Keyword(s):  
Total Arsenic ◽  
Acid Digestion ◽  
Fish Tissues ◽  
Digestion Procedure ◽  
Dry Ashing ◽  
Nitric Acid Digestion ◽  
Wet Ashing ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Fish And Shellfish

Abstract A vanadium catalyzed pentoxide-sulfuric acid-nitric acid digestion procedure is described which gave higher values for total arsenic than the AOAC dry ash procedure with fish and shellfish tissue. Recoveries of added methylarsenic compounds were also lower by dry ashing procedures but essentially complete by the new ashing procedure. Arsenic levels in a variety of shellfish and fish tissues as determined by wet ashing averaged 6.3% higher than dry ash values. In lobster hepatopancreas the difference was 13.1% for a large number of samples from a number of sampling areas.

Collaborative Study of the Determination of Lead in Alkyd and Latex Paints

1974 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 614-617
Author(s):  
Warren K Porter
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Paint Film ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Acid Digestion ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Nitric Acid Digestion ◽  
Minimal Bias

Abstract A collaborative study was conducted on the determination of lead in alkyd and latex paints by atomic absorption spectrophotometry after nitric acid digestion. Fourteen samples of blank paints and paints with known additions of lead were analyzed by 10 collaborators. Coefficients of variation from 4 to 16% were obtained for 0.33 to 0.02% lead in the paint solids. The statistical analysis indicates minimal bias and adequate precision for the analysis of lead in paints at the current regulatory limit (0.5% in the paint solids or dry paint film). The method has been adopted as official first action.

Determination of Trace Elements in Water by Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry: Collaborative Study

1994 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 1004-1023 ◽  
Author(s):  
J E Longbottom ◽  
T D Martin ◽  
K W Edgell ◽  
S E Long ◽  
M R Plantz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Acid Digestion ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Nitric Acid Digestion ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Abstract A joint U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA)—AOAC interlaboratory method validation study was conducted on U.S. EPA method 200.8, Determination of Trace Elements in Waters and Wastes by Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry. The purpose of the study was to determine and compare the mean recovery and precision of the inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS) analyses for 20 trace elements in reagent water, drinking water, and groundwater. The formal study was based on Youden’s nonreplicate plan for collaborative tests of analytical methods. The test waters were spiked with the 20 trace elements at 6 concentration levels in the 0.8–200 μg/L range, prepared as 3 Youden pairs. Thirteen collaborators spiked 100 mL aliquots of the test waters, acidified them with 1 mL concentrated HNO3 and 0.5 mL concentrated HCl, reduced the volume to 20 mL by heating in an open beaker at 85°C, refluxed them for 30 min at 95°C, and diluted them to 50 mL. After centrifuging or settling the samples, a 20 mL portion of the supernatant was diluted to 50 mL and analyzed by ICP–MS. Related experiments evaluated the method performance in wastewater and wastewater digestate at a single concentration pair, and an alternative nitric acid digestion procedure. Mean recoveries for reagent water, drinking water, and groundwater were generally 95–105% with between-laboratory relative standard deviations about 4–8%. The method also worked well with wastewaters and digestate, with between-laboratory relative standard deviations averaging 8% and recoveries averaging 100%. Recoveries of silver, however, were low in all matrixes at concentrations over 100 μg/L. The nitric acid digestion procedure was comparable in accuracy and precision to the mixed-acid digestion in U.S. EPA method 200.8. The method was adopted first action by AOAC INTERNATIONAL.

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