scholarly journals Evaluation of the Antifungal Activity of Various Solvent Extracts of Feronia elephantum Correa (Rutaceae)

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
S. Balamurugan
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Antifungal Potential ◽  
Agar Well Diffusion Assay ◽  
Diffusion Assay ◽  
Feronia Elephantum

Medicinal plants play an important role for health care. Medicinal plants have ability to cure both infectious and non infectious diseases. According to an estimate about 25 % of medicines are derived from plants. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the antifungal activity of Feronia elephantum Correa by using Agar well diffusion assay. The fungal strains used in this research work were Aspergillus niger, Penicillium exspansum, Candida albicans and Fusarium oxysporum. The length of inhibition zone was measured in millimetres. The results were referenced against Glucanazole antifungal agent. Methanolic fruit extract showed maximum antifungal activity against most of the strains where as moderate antifungal potential was shown by leaf extract in aqueous extract.

scholarly journals ANTIRADICAL, ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF HARPULLIA ARBOREA (BLANCO) RADLK. (SAPINDACEAE)

2017 ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
Raghavendra H. L. ◽  
Prashith Kekuda T. R. ◽  
Karthik K. N. ◽  
Ankith G. N.
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Alternaria Sp ◽  
Suitable Form ◽  
Agar Well Diffusion Assay ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽  
Diffusion Assay

Objective: The present study was conducted to investigate antiradical and antimicrobial potential of extract of Harpullia arborea (Blanco) Radlk. (Sapindaceae) leaves obtained by maceration process.Methods: Antiradical activity of leaf extract was performed by DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays. Antibacterial activity of leaf extract was carried out by Agar well diffusion assay. Antifungal activity of leaf extract was carried out by Poisoned food technique.Results: Leaf extract displayed concentration dependent scavenging of radicals with potent scavenging activity against ABTS radicals (IC50 value 4.26µg/ml) when compared to DPPH radicals (IC50 value 27.26µg/ml). Extract exhibited inhibitory activity against all test bacteria. Marked and least activity was observed against Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli respectively. Considerable reduction in the mycelial growth of test fungi was observed in poisoned plates. Curvularia sp. and Alternaria sp. were inhibited to highest and least extent respectively. Conclusion: In suitable form, the plant can be used to treat oxidative damage, infectious diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria and to manage seed-borne fungi.

ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF LEAF EXTRACT OF Cannabis sativa AGAINST Aspergillus flavipes

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 447-453
Author(s):  
Iqra Haider Khan ◽  
Arshad Javaid
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Fungal Biomass ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Antifungal Effect ◽  
Butanol Fraction ◽  
Aspergillus Flavipes ◽  
Antifungal Potential ◽  
Laboratory Bioassays

Cannabis sativa L. is a medicinally important weed of family Cannabaceae generally grows along road-sides and waste-lends in Punjab, Pakistan. In the present study, antifungal effect of leaf extract of this weed was assessed against Aspergillus flavipes. Methanolic leaf extract of the weed was partitioned into five fractions using organic solvents of variable polarities. A range of concentrations (1.562 to 200 mg mL-1) of each fraction was used in laboratory bioassays. n-Butanol fraction showed the highest antifungal activity followed by chloroform and n-hexane fractions causing 68–82%, 52–82% and 42–82% decrease in biomass of A. flavipes. Ethyl acetate showed a moderate antifungal potential while aqueous fraction showed the least antifungal activity causing 47–76% and 38–73% reduction in fungal biomass, respectively. This study concludes that n-butanol fraction of leaf extract of C. sativa is highly effective in controlling growth of A. flavipes.

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL, ANTIRADICAL AND INSECTICIDAL ACTIVITY OF GARDENIA GUMMIFERA L. F. (RUBIACEAE)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashith Kekuda T. R. ◽  
Raghavendra H. L. ◽  
Shilpa M. ◽  
Pushpavathi D. ◽  
Tejaswini Petkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antiradical Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Fruit Extracts ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Agar Well Diffusion Assay ◽  
Dose Dependent

Objective: The present study was carried out to investigate antimicrobial, antiradical and insecticidal potential of leaf and fruit of Gardenia gummifera L. f. (Rubiaceae).Methods: The leaf and fruits were shade dried, powdered and extracted by maceration process using methanol. Antibacterial activity was evaluated against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria by Agar well diffusion assay. Antifungal activity was determined against six seed-borne fungi by Poisoned food technique. Antiradical activity of leaf and fruit extracts was evaluated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azinobis 3-ethylbenzothiazoline 6-sulfonate (ABTS) radical scavenging assays. Insecticidal activity of leaf and fruit extracts, in terms of larvicidal and pupicidal activity, was assessed against larvae and pupae of Aedes aegypti.Results: Both the extracts inhibited all test bacteria. Marked antibacterial activity was displayed by fruit extract when compared to leaf extract. S. epidermidis and E. coli were inhibited to highest and least extent by both extracts respectively. Fruit extract was found to exhibit higher antifungal effect when compared to leaf extract. Leaf extract and fruit extract exhibited highest inhibitory activity against A. niger and A. flavus respectively. Leaf and fruit extracts scavenged DPPH radical’s dose dependently with an IC50 value of 49.01µg/ml and 2.53µg/ml respectively. The scavenging of ABTS by leaf and fruit extracts was dose dependent and the IC50 value for leaf and fruit extract was 2.58µg/ml and 2.31µg/ml respectively. Fruit extract was shown to exhibit marked antiradical activity when compared to leaf extract. Leaf and fruit extracts exhibited dose dependent insecticidal activity in terms of larvicidal and pupicidal activity and the susceptibility of larvae and pupae to extracts was in the order II instar larvae>IV instar larvae>pupae. Fruit extract displayed marked insecticidal potential when compared to leaf extract.Conclusion: Overall, fruit extract of G. gummifera exhibited marked antimicrobial, antiradical and insecticidal activity when compared to leaf extract. The plant can be used for developing agents/formulations effective against infectious microorganisms, oxidative stress and insect vectors that transmit dreadful diseases. The observed bioactivities could be ascribed to the presence of active principles which are to be isolated and characterized.

scholarly journals In-vitro Antivenom Potential of Solanum dasyphyllum Methanolic Leaf and Fruit Extracts against Naja nigricollis Venom

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-45
Author(s):  
Adewunmi Rofiat Funmilola ◽  
Gidado Abubakar ◽  
Zanna Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Southwestern Part ◽  
Fruit Extracts ◽  
Snake Envenomation ◽  
The Family ◽  
Inhibitory Potential

Solanum dasyphyllum belongs to the family of plants called Solanaceae, it is commonly called "Africa eggplant" and one of the medicinal plants used in the treatment of snake envenomation in the southwestern part of Nigeria, but investigation concerning its anti-venom activity has not been established. The present study evaluates the in-vitroenzyme inhibition potential of S.dasyphyllum leaf and fruit extracts against Naja nigricollis (Black-necked spitting cobra) venom. The inhibitory potential of S. dasyphyllum leaf and fruit on proteases, acetylcholinesterase, phospholipase A2 and hyaluronidase enzymes present in the snake venom was evaluated. The methanolic leaf and fruit extracts of S. dasyphyllum inhibited the activity of all enzymes evaluated, however, the leaf extract exhibited better enzyme inhibitory effect on N. nigricollis venom when compared with the fruit. This could be due to the presence of various phytochemicals in leaf and fruit extract.  This result substantiates the ethnomedicinal usage of S. dasyphyllum and would help to develop potent antidote therapy against N. nigricollis envenomation.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Antimicrobial Potentials of Leaf and Root Extracts of Calliandra portoricensis (Jacq)-benth (Fabaceae) on Some Human Pathogens

2020 ◽  
pp. 141-151
Author(s):  
N. E. Oguegbulu ◽  
A. K. Abo ◽  
O. E. Afieroho
Keyword(s):  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Total Activity ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Successive Extraction ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
Agar Well Diffusion Assay ◽  
Anti Fungal ◽  
Diffusion Assay

The plant Calliandra portoricesis had been widely used over the years in traditional medicine. Such uses included; treatment of swollen gum, tooth ache and inflammation, worm expeller, viperean venom antidote and more. This investigation was aimed at screening and anti-microbial evaluation of various leaf and root extracts of the plant. By this, explore substitution of root with leaf as excessive root harvesting could lead to shrub extinction. The dried and pulverized samples were subjected to successive extraction using solvents of varying polarities; n-hexane, ethyl acetate and 70% aqueous methanol. The respective extracts were concentrated en vacuo in a rotatory evaporator at temperature not exceeding 40°C. Seven human pathogens were selected comprising the G +ve, G-ve, fungi, group that was known to acquire resistance easily and nosocomial strains namely; Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Streptococus fecalis, Candida albican and Aspergillus nigar. Ciprofloxacin and fluconazole solutions served as the control reference standards. Agar well diffusion assay method was used and the Inhibition Zone Diameters (mm) of growth were measured to assess activities for all the extracts. The Minimum Inhibitory Concenyrations (MIC) and Total Activity (TA) were also determined. The experimental values indicated that both leaf and root materials of this plant exhibited anti bacterial and anti fungal properties on the selected human pathogens especially with respect to the reference control standards at P ≤ 0.05. Except for anthraquinones, the leaf though exhibited weaker activities than root for same quantity of materials showed close similarity in activity pattern. In this sense, with an appropriate quantitative adjustments, leaf material could effectively substitute the root for antimicrobial purposes.

scholarly journals Lantana camara: Phytochemical Analysis and Antifungal Prospective

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. BASHIR ◽  
K. JABEEN ◽  
S. IQBAL ◽  
S. JAVED ◽  
A. NAEEM
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Colony Growth ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Hexane Fraction ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Test Fungus ◽  
Antifungal Potential ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Activity

ABSTRACT: In the current study phytochemical analysis and in vitro antifungal potential of fruits, leaves and stem of Lantana camara L. were studied. The phytochemical analysis indicated the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, glycosides and terpenoids in fruit, stem and leaves of L. camara. The in vitro antifungal activity of fruit, stem and leaves of L. camara was tested against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz. Different concentrations (1-5%) of methanolic extract of all the selected parts of L. camara were applied in vitro against the test fungus. The results of in vitro experiment revealed that higher concentration of methanolic fruit extract (5%) significantly reduced the biomass C. gloeosporioides up to 66%. This effective extract of L. camara was partitioned with n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. The bioactivity of these fractions was tested against C. gloeosporioides. The trials showed that 0.5% concentration of n-hexane fraction of methanolic fruit extract caused the highest reduction (45%) in the radial colony growth of the test fungus. This effective n-hexane fraction was selected for GC-MS analysis to identify various possible antifungal compounds. Cyclopropane, carboxylic acid, 5-heptonic acid, 2,2-dimethyl1-4-pentenoate and 2-Propyloctahydro-1-benzothiophene were identified as major compounds. This study can be concluded that L. camara fruit comprised of bioactive compounds which possess antifungal activity against C. gloeosporioides.

scholarly journals Initial Evaluation of Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Medicinal Plant Extracts in Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Tuan Anh ◽  
Pham Thi Thanh Hang ◽  
Nguyen Thi Bich Loan ◽  
Le Quynh Mai
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Medicinal Plant Extracts ◽  
Health Products ◽  
Agar Well Diffusion Assay ◽  
Diffusion Assay

The diversity of medicinal plants in Vietnam is a rich source to develop novel health products. This study evaluated the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of ethanolic extracts of Pluchea indica, Drynaria fortunei, Stephania glabra, lemongrass and lime mixture, and ginger and kumquat mixture. The extract of ginger and kumquat mixture showed the highest percentage of free radical scavenging (85% at the concentration of 0.1 mg/ml), following by the extract of P. indica leaves and stem (60%). The plant extracts displayed antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus at different levels in the agar well diffusion assay. The extract of S. glabra inhibited the growth of all bacterial strains. The mean of inhibition zone diameter, produced by S. glabra extract, was similar to or even significantly higher than that of control at particular concentrations.

scholarly journals Potensi Estrak Daun Miana (Coleus atropurpureus) Menghambat Pertumbuhan Malassezia furfur pada Penderita Pityriasis versicolor

MEDULA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Rahmawati ◽  
Effendy Rasiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Malassezia Furfur ◽  
Polyphenol Compounds ◽  
Paper Disk ◽  
Antifungal Potential ◽  
Alternative Drug ◽  
Tropical Climates ◽  
Disk Method

ABSTRACTBackground: Pitryasis versicolor is one of the fungal infections of the skin caused by the fungusMalassezia furfur often infecting residents in tropical climates due to the temperature and humidity suitable for the growth of the fungus, so an alternative drug is needed such as herbs such as miana leaves which contain plants flavonoids, saponins, steroids, tannins, essential oils, eugenol, polyphenol compounds,       alkaloids,        ethyl                      salicylates, calcium                   oxalate,   and          rosmarinic             acid    (RA) compounds.Pusrpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the antifungal potential of miana leaf extract against Malassezia furfur fungi isolated from patients with Pitryasis versicolor (Panu). Method: This type of research is a laboratory experiment with the paper disk method. Result: The research results obtained from the inhibitory test were Miana leaf extract with a concentration of 250 mg / ml, 125 mg / ml, 62.5 mg / ml, 31.25 mg / ml, and 15.625 mg/ ml, with the diameter of each inhibition zone 0.00 mm. Conclusion: From the results of the study it can be concluded that miana leaf extract does not have the potential to inhibit the growth of Malassezia furfur fungus due to Tinea versicolor.Keywords: inhibition test,  Malassezia furfur, Pitryasis versicolor

Antibacterial and antioxidant effects of Zanthoxylum armatum DC extracts

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-164
Author(s):  
Aqsa Irshad ◽  
Irfan Ullah ◽  
Muhammad Fiaz Khan
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Zanthoxylum Armatum ◽  
Good Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Maximum Inhibition ◽  
Hexane Extracts ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of three different extracts (acetone, methanol, and n-hexane) of Zanthoxylum armatum fruits and leaves were investigated. The maximum inhibition zone was shown by methanolic leaf extract against K. pneumonia (20.51 ± 0.93). The minimum inhibition zone (12.01 ± 0.93) was exhibited by methanolic fruit extract against S. typhi. The highest antioxidant activity was recorded at 1000 ppm. Methanolic leaf extract was the most antioxidant (89.8%) among all the extracts, followed by methanolic fruit extract (88.6%). The methanolic and acetonic extracts showed good antibacterial activity as compared to n-hexane extracts and n-hexane was less antioxidant.

scholarly journals Study of Antibacterial activity of Phyllanthus emblica and its role in Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 76-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pratibha Jinesh Shah ◽  
Ruchi Malik
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Green Synthesis ◽  
Biological Synthesis ◽  
Phyllanthus Emblica ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Agar Well Diffusion Assay ◽  
Diffusion Assay ◽  
Test Cultures

Objective: Phyllanthus emblica L. or amla is known for its therapeutic properties. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of aqueous Phyllanthus emblica fruit extract (APE) against eight pathogenic cultures and its application in green synthesis of silver nanoparticles. Methods: APE was screened for the presence of phytochemicals and its antibacterial activity was evaluated by agar well diffusion assay. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was quantified by broth macrodilution technique, and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was determined. Further, APE was used in the biological synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), which were characterized by an Ultraviolet–visible (UV-VIS) spectroscopy and Field emission gun-scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM) techniques. The antibacterial activity of the AgNPs was screened by agar well diffusion assay. Results: The zone of inhibition (ZOI) for APE was found to be in the range of 10.7–21.3 mm, for varying concentrations. The MIC values were in the range of 12.5% - 50% (v/v) and the MBC values indicated that a concentration of 50% (v/v) APE could kill 75% (6/8) test cultures. The presence of AgNPs was confirmed by UV-VIS spectroscopy and the surface-plasmon resonance peak was observed at 420 nm. The FEG-SEM analysis revealed that the most of AgNPs were spherical in shape and had 30-40 nm size range. All the test cultures were inhibited by the AgNPs and the average ZOI measured 19.25±2.7 mm. Conclusion: Phyllanthus emblica fruit extract might have therapeutic significance against pathogens and it can be used for green synthesis of silver nanoparticles. Keywords: Phyllanthus emblica, MIC, MBC, silver nanoparticles, UV-VIS, FEG-SEM.

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