scholarly journals Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Spiritual and Mental Well-Being of ICU Surrogates and their Treatment Preferences

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Williams ◽  
Alexia M. Torke ◽  
Emily S. Burke ◽  
James E. Slaven
Keyword(s):  
Religious Coping ◽  
Associate Degree ◽  
Treatment Decision ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Treatment Preferences ◽  
Intrinsic Religiosity ◽  
Treatment Decision Making ◽  
Spiritual Well Being ◽  
Advance Care ◽  
Religiosity And Spirituality

Aspects of religiosity and spirituality (R/S) are associated with alleviating stress and influencing the treatment decision-making process in surrogates of patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the mental health of the population, but no significance has been established with spiritual well-being. This study hypothesized that the pandemic negatively affected surrogate spiritual well-being in a relationship mediated by a surrogate’s intrinsic religiosity, religious coping, and non-organizational religiosity. It was also hypothesized that surrogates would desire less aggressive treatments and have lower goals of patient function due to the pandemic. Baseline surrogate survey data using the FACIT-sp, Brief RCOPE and Durel scales, as well as answers to questions regarding treatment preferences and goal of patient function from the Chaplain Family Project were used in this study along with the pandemic status of the surrogate at the time of interview. There were 100 surrogates interviewed prior to the pandemic and 82 interviewed during the pandemic with a mean age of 54.5 and 53.8 years, respectively, who were mostly white (82.0% and 75.6%, respectively), female (72.0% and 72.0%, respectively), and on average had obtained at least an associate degree. There was a significantly greater preference for aggressive, life-sustaining interventions (LSIs) over relief of pain (26.1% pre-pandemic to 40.9% during pandemic, p=0.0494) and a significantly fewer proportion of patient-surrogate advance conversations (66.7% to 51.9%, p=0.0435) in the during pandemic group. There was no statistical difference found in spiritual well-being, intrinsic religiosity, religious coping, non-organizational religiosity (NOR), treatment preferences, nor patient function goals between the pandemic status groups, when controlling for surrogate demographics and previous patient advance care planning. A longitudinal study should further investigate the possible effect of the pandemic upon surrogate spiritual well-being and ICU decisions and experiences for greater clarity.

Preventing Treatment-Related Functional Decline: Strategies to Maximize Resilience

2018 ◽  
pp. 415-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armin Shahrokni ◽  
Koshy Alexander ◽  
Tanya M. Wildes ◽  
Martine T. E. Puts
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Treatment Decision ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cancer Prognosis ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Care Plan ◽  
Treatment Decision Making ◽  
Prediction Of Mortality ◽  
Individualized Prediction

The majority of patients with cancer are older adults. A comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) will help the clinical team identify underlying medical and functional status issues that can affect cancer treatment delivery, cancer prognosis, and treatment tolerability. The CGA, as well as more abbreviated assessments and geriatric screening tools, can aid in the treatment decision-making process through improved individualized prediction of mortality, toxicity of cancer therapy, and postoperative complications and can also help clinicians develop an integrated care plan for the older adult with cancer. In this article, we will review the latest evidence with regard to the use of CGA in oncology. In addition, we will describe the benefits of conducting a CGA and the types of interventions that can be taken by the interprofessional team to improve the treatment outcomes and well-being of older adults.

scholarly journals Spirituality, Religious Attendance and Health Complaints in Czech Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2339
Author(s):  
Radka Zidkova ◽  
Petr Glogar ◽  
Iva Polackova Solcova ◽  
Jitse P. van Dijk ◽  
Michal Kalman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Religious Attendance ◽  
Health Complaints ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Spiritual Well Being ◽  
Hbsc Study ◽  
Reported Health ◽  
Religiosity And Spirituality

Research in some religious countries shows that religiosity and spirituality positively affect adolescent health. We studied whether religiosity and spirituality also have positive associations with adolescent health in a secular country. We tested the associations between religious attendance and spirituality and self-reported health and health complaints using a representative sample of Czech adolescents (n = 4182, 14.4 ± 1.1 years, 48.6% boys) from the 2014 health behavior in school-aged children (HBSC) study. We used religious attendance, the adjusted shortened version of the spiritual well-being scale (SWBS), and its two components—religious well-being (RWB) and existential well-being (EWB)—as independent variables and the eight item “HBSC symptom checklist” and self-reported overall health as dependent variables. A higher level of spirituality was associated with lower chances of health complaints and self-reported health, ranging from a 9% to 30% decrease in odd ratios (OR). Religious attendance was not associated with any of the observed variables. The EWB showed a negative association with all of the observed variables, with associations ranging from a 19% to 47% decrease. The RWB was associated with a higher risk of nervousness (OR = 1.12), while other associations were not significant. Non-spiritual but attending respondents were more likely to report a higher occurrence of stomachache (OR = 2.20) and had significantly worse overall health (OR = 2.38). In a largely secular country, we found that spirituality and the EWB (unlike religious attendance and the RWB) could have a significant influence on adolescent health.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Spiritual Well-Being and Burnout in Collegiate Athletic Trainers

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 518-528
Author(s):  
Leslie W. Oglesby ◽  
Andrew R Gallucci ◽  
Christopher Wynveen ◽  
Kelly Ylitalo ◽  
Nicholas Benson
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Religious Coping ◽  
Athletic Trainers ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Intention To Leave ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Spiritual Well Being ◽  
Collegiate Athletic Trainers ◽  
The Relationship

Context Spiritual well-being is the expression of one's spirituality as measured in the dimensions of existential and religious well-being. The Smith Cognitive Affective Model of Athletic Burnout suggests that personality factors such as spiritual well-being and the use of religious coping methods may affect burnout as well as its causes and outcomes. This has not been examined in collegiate athletic trainers (ATs). Objective To investigate the relationship between spiritual well-being and burnout in collegiate ATs. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Web-based survey. Patients or Other Participants A total of 783 certified ATs employed full time in the collegiate setting participated. Part-time employees (eg, graduate assistants, interns) were excluded. Main Outcome Measure(s) A 100-item online questionnaire was created for this study. It used items from previously developed scales, including the Spiritual Well-Being Scale, the Brief RCOPE, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, and substance-use questions from the Monitoring the Future study. Participants were able to complete the survey in approximately 10–15 minutes. Multiple regression analyses were used to analyze survey data. We mapped all independent (existential well-being, religious well-being, positive and negative religious coping) and dependent variables (situational variables, Maslach Burnout Inventory burnout subscales, substance use, and intention to leave) onto the Smith Cognitive-Affective Model of Athletic Burnout to determine which variables altered burnout levels, substance use, and intention to leave. Tests of mediation or moderation were conducted when appropriate. Results Existential well-being was a significant positive predictor of social support and a significant negative predictor of work-family conflict, decreased sense of personal accomplishment, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, intention to leave the profession, and binge drinking. Existential well-being also served as a mediator or moderator in several components of the model. Conclusions Existential well-being was a protective factor against burnout as well as some of the causes and effects of burnout in collegiate ATs.

scholarly journals Treatment preferences and involvement in treatment decision making of patients with endometrial cancer and clinicians

2014 ◽  
Vol 111 (4) ◽  
pp. 674-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Kunneman ◽  
A H Pieterse ◽  
A M Stiggelbout ◽  
R A Nout ◽  
M Kamps ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Treatment Decision ◽  
Treatment Preferences ◽  
Treatment Decision Making

The relation between religiosity, family cohesion and ethical leadership: a study of family firms in Turkey

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Çetin
Keyword(s):  
Family Member ◽  
Ethical Leadership ◽  
Family Cohesion ◽  
Family Firms ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Intrinsic Religiosity ◽  
Leadership Perceptions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Spiritual Well Being

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the links among different forms of religiosity, family cohesion and ethical leadership in family firms operating in Turkey.Design/methodology/approachThe study was conducted with 210 respondents working in 51 family firms operating in Istanbul. Data regarding ethical leadership perceptions were collected separately from employees (non-family member) and managers (family member), and responses were matched in firm level to investigate the relations between variables calculated separately as perceptions of managers and employees. Confirmatory factor analysis and reliability statistics were used for ascertaining the dimensionality and factor structures of the constructs. Correlation analysis, structural equation modeling and bootstrapping method were used for investigating the relationships among variables.FindingsResults of the study demonstrated that family cohesion, intrinsic religiosity and spiritual well-being-oriented religiosity were positively, while secular religiosity was negatively related with ethical leadership levels rated by family member managers. Although none of these variables showed significant correlations with ethical leadership perceptions of non-family member employees, ethical leadership perceptions of the family managers and ethical leadership perceptions of employees were positively correlated, and intrinsic religiosity and spiritual well-being-oriented religiosity had significant indirect effects on ethical leadership perceptions of employees.Originality/valueGiven the lack of studies addressing the links between different forms of religiosity with ethical leadership especially in the Turkish context and the gap regarding research designs analyzing these relationships from the perspectives of managers and employees, the study provides important contributions.

scholarly journals The decision-making role of the patient in localised prostate cancer treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke L Wang ◽  
Weranja K.B. Ranasinghe
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Treatment Decision ◽  
Treatment Preferences ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Treatment Decision Making ◽  
Treatment Side Effects ◽  
Ideal Tool ◽  
Informed Treatment

Our objective was to review the current literature on patient participation and decision-making in the treatment selection process for localised prostate cancer, and to evaluate capacity for improvement. Methods: 42 articles from our literature search were deemed eligible and relevant for review. We reviewed studies on all facets of the treatment decision-making process with most number of articles (16) on treatment preferences. Results: The majority of the patients prefer an active or collaborative role in decision-making. Patients are seeking information from a myriad of sources but the recommendation from their treating physician is often the most influential on the final decision. Radical prostatectomy is more likely to be selected in patients who view a cure for cancer as being of the utmost importance and radiation therapy is preferred in patients who are concerned about treatment side effects. Conclusion: Currently no ideal tool exists to assist patients in making informed treatment decisions that also takes into account patients’ values and preferences. We encourage collaborative partnership in a multidisciplinary setting to optimise this process and individualised risk-based decision-making tools may provide a better pathway to assist patients reach decisions.

scholarly journals Resisting recommended treatment for prostate cancer: a qualitative analysis of the lived experience of possible overdiagnosis

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. e026960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten McCaffery ◽  
Brooke Nickel ◽  
Kristen Pickles ◽  
Ray Moynihan ◽  
Barnett Kramer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Treatment Decision ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Treatment Decision Making ◽  
Recommended Treatment ◽  
Qualitative Interview Study ◽  
The Impact

ObjectiveTo describe the lived experience of a possible prostate cancer overdiagnosis in men who resisted recommended treatment.DesignQualitative interview studySettingAustraliaParticipants11 men (aged 59–78 years) who resisted recommended prostate cancer treatment because of concerns about overdiagnosis and overtreatment.OutcomesReported experience of screening, diagnosis and treatment decision making, and its impact on psychosocial well-being, life and personal circumstances.ResultsMen’s accounts revealed profound consequences of both prostate cancer diagnosis and resisting medical advice for treatment, with effects on their psychological well-being, family, employment circumstances, identity and life choices. Some of these men were tested for prostate-specific antigen without their knowledge or informed consent. The men felt uninformed about their management options and unsupported through treatment decision making. This often led them to develop a sense of disillusionment and distrust towards the medical profession and conventional medicine. The findings show how some men who were told they would soon die without treatment (a prognosis which ultimately did not eventuate) reconciled issues of overdiagnosis and potential overtreatment with their own diagnosis and situation over the ensuing 1 to 20+ years.ConclusionsMen who choose not to have recommended treatment for prostate cancer may avoid treatment-associated harms like incontinence and impotence, however our findings showed that the impact of the diagnosis itself is immense and far-reaching. A high priority for improving clinical practice is to ensure men are adequately informed of these potential consequences before screening is considered.

scholarly journals Distributed Cognition in Cancer Treatment Decision Making: An Application of the DECIDE Decision-Making Styles Typology

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 1146-1159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janice L. Krieger ◽  
Jessica L. Krok-Schoen ◽  
Phokeng M. Dailey ◽  
Angela L. Palmer-Wackerly ◽  
Nancy Schoenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Distributed Cognition ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Treatment Decision ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Treatment Decision Making ◽  
Health Decision ◽  
Interpersonal Discussion

Distributed cognition occurs when cognitive and affective schemas are shared between two or more people during interpersonal discussion. Although extant research focuses on distributed cognition in decision making between health care providers and patients, studies show that caregivers are also highly influential in the treatment decisions of patients. However, there are little empirical data describing how and when families exert influence. The current article addresses this gap by examining decisional support in the context of cancer randomized clinical trial (RCT) decision making. Data are drawn from in-depth interviews with rural, Appalachian cancer patients ( N = 46). Analysis of transcript data yielded empirical support for four distinct models of health decision making. The implications of these findings for developing interventions to improve the quality of treatment decision making and overall well-being are discussed.

Exploring the Type-of-Crime Hypothesis, Religiosity, and Spirituality in an Adult Male Prison Population

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 682-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Fernander ◽  
John F. Wilson ◽  
Michele Staton ◽  
Carl Leukefeld
Keyword(s):  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
Prison Population ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Religious Service ◽  
Spiritual Wellbeing ◽  
Religious Service Attendance ◽  
Criminal Conviction ◽  
Spiritual Well Being ◽  
Religiosity And Spirituality ◽  
Service Attendance

This study examined the association between measures of spirituality and religiosity and characteristics of current criminal conviction in a male prison population. Spirituality was operationalized as spiritual well-being and existential well-being. Religiosity was operationalized as frequency of religious service attendance, whether an individual considered himself to be religious, and how strongly an individual believed his religious beliefs influenced his behavior. Inmates whose convictions were property related reported greater spiritual wellbeing, were more likely to consider themselves religious, and to say that religious beliefs influenced their behavior than inmates whose crimes were not property related. Inmates whose convictions were drug related were less likely to consider themselves religious, and inmates whose conviction involved violence were more likely to consider themselves religious but less likely to endorse statements that religious beliefs influenced their behavior. The distinction between religiosity and spirituality is discussed in terms of the type-of-crime hypothesis.

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