Understanding Suicide: A Generalist Course on Suicide for BSW Students

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-195
Author(s):  
Rebecca G. Mirick
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experiences ◽  
The United States ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Course Development ◽  
National Strategy ◽  
Welfare Programs ◽  
Major Public Health Issue ◽  
Direct Practice ◽  
At Risk Populations ◽  
Social Work Programs

Suicide is a major public health issue in the United States. The National Strategy for Suicide Prevention recommended increased education for individuals who work directly with at-risk populations, such as clients in child welfare programs, programs that serve older adults, and those working with adjudicated youths. Many BSW graduates enter direct practice positions in these agencies and would benefit from education on suicide during their BSW program. This teaching note describes a BSW course on understanding suicide. The course development, content, readings, assignments, and inclass exercises are described. The feedback of the students who enrolled in this course (N=17) is included. Implications for instructors, including considering students' own lived experiences with suicide, and for undergraduate social work programs are identified.

scholarly journals Neuro-Anatomical Changes of Carbon Monoxide Poisoning on Advanced Imaging: A Literature Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
James McKivigan ◽  
Gregory Gilmour
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Issue ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Co Poisoning ◽  
Major Public Health Issue ◽  
The Brain

Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is a major public health issue in the United States that accounts for approximately 50% of poisoning cases in the nation each year and around 50,000 emergency room visits. In most instances of CO poisoning, the culprit is a malfunctioning or poorly tended heating system within the home or, occasionally, commercial building, which causes the system to leak this hazardous gas. One of the more insidious aspects of CO poisoning is that the gas is odorless and colorless, and victims of CO poisoning often do not realize that there is a problem until they begin to experience the effects of poisoning and have no choice but to seek medical attention. Unfortunately, many victims of CO poisoning die before they are able to seek treatment. This paper makes use of a qualitative, systematic literature review to examine the four major parts of the brain that are most severely affected by CO poisoning. Overall, the literature review showed that the white matter, globus pallidus, basal ganglia, and cortex are the parts of the brain most severely impacted by CO poisoning. While many CO poisoning victims do make it to the hospital on time and are treated, they may nonetheless suffer long-term neurological consequences as a result of their exposure. As such, CO poisoning is a major public health issue.

Asthma: Pathology and Pathophysiology

2006 ◽  
Vol 130 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-451
Author(s):  
Roberto J. Barrios ◽  
Farrah Kheradmand ◽  
La Keisha Batts ◽  
David B. Corry
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
The United States ◽  
Emergency Department Visits ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Chest Tightness ◽  
Major Public Health Issue ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
United States Population

Abstract Context.—Asthma has been defined as a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways that is associated with recruitment of inflammatory cells and the clinical development of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and cough. Asthma is a major public health issue. It affects 5% of the United States population and accounts for 2 million emergency department visits, 470 000 hospitalizations, and 4500 deaths annually. Objective.—To review the pathophysiology and characteristic pathologic patterns of this disease and discuss the possible mechanisms of production of the lesions. Data Sources.—We searched the literature using MEDLINE and OVID. We also searched related conference abstracts and bibliographies of selected studies. Conclusions.—There has been a significant evolution in our understanding of asthma. Specific pathways and mechanisms in recent years have been studied; however, numerous mediators and cell receptors have raised new questions that remain to be answered.

scholarly journals Making the Case for Proactive Strategies to Alleviate Homelessness: A Systems Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 526
Author(s):  
Sara Nourazari ◽  
Kristina Lovato ◽  
Suzie S. Weng
Keyword(s):  
Systems Approach ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
The United States ◽  
Transitional Housing ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Leverage Points ◽  
At Risk Populations ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Housing Units

Homelessness is a complex public health issue that affects some of the most vulnerable populations in the United States. This study takes a holistic approach to better understand and analyze the multiple factors and their interconnections that contribute to the complexity of this problem. A systems analysis was conducted by utilizing the system dynamics method, which allows analyzing and comparing trends and behavior of system outcomes for different “what if” scenarios, interventions, and policy implications. Three leverage points were identified in this study to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of the current strategies to address homelessness: (1) increasing the number of affordable permanent housing units, (2) increasing the utilization of transitional housing units or shelters by the individuals experiencing homelessness, and (3) providing preventative services to at-risk populations before the onset of homelessness. Our results demonstrate that the most effective strategy is an amalgam of the solutions identified by these three leverage points. In addition, a policy analysis was conducted to study and estimate the effectiveness of various potential scenarios. This research provides data-driven and model-based insights into how decision-makers can utilize a systems approach to analyze new policy implications and create effective solutions to homelessness.

Interpersonal Gun Violence Research in the Social Work Literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 224-231
Author(s):  
Roberto R Aspholm ◽  
Christopher St Vil ◽  
Kimberly A E Carter
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Social Work ◽  
The United States ◽  
Gun Violence ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Major Public Health Issue ◽  
Analytic Treatment ◽  
The Social

Abstract Interpersonal gun violence remains a major public health issue in the United States and beyond. This article explores the research on interpersonal gun violence published in peer-reviewed social work journals since the mid-1990s. Findings from this review indicate that the existing scholarship offers some important insights into this topic, particularly related to risk factors for and the effects of exposure to gun violence. These findings, however, also point to some shortcomings in the literature, including problems with the measurement and analytic treatment of exposure to gun violence and a lack of research with direct victims and perpetrators of gun violence. Implications for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals The use of nebulized pharmacotherapies during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 175346662095436
Author(s):  
Sanjay Sethi ◽  
Igor Z. Barjaktarevic ◽  
Donald P. Tashkin
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
The United States ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Metered Dose Inhalers ◽  
Major Public Health Issue ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Metered Dose ◽  
Respiratory Droplets

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the highly contagious novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has resulted in a worldwide pandemic and currently represents a major public health issue. COVID-19 has highlighted the need for clear and accurate guidance on the use of aerosol-generating procedures, such as nebulization, for the treatment of patients with respiratory diseases with or without COVID-19. Despite the lack of evidence, there is heightened concern about the potential risk of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in the form of aerosolized respiratory droplets during the nebulized treatment of patients with COVID-19. Consequently, the use of metered-dose inhalers (MDIs) has risen considerably as an alternative to nebulized therapy, which has led to inadequate supplies of MDIs in some parts of the United States. In this article, we review and discuss the role of nebulization in patients with SARS-CoV-2 and the treatment of noninfected patients with chronic respiratory diseases. The following two important questions are addressed: (1) should nebulized therapy be used in hospital or home settings by patients infected with SARS-CoV-2; and (2) should nebulized therapy be continued in patients already using it for chronic respiratory disease management in hospital or home settings? The reviews of this paper are available via the supplemental material section.

Development of Novel Video-Based First Responder Opioid Hazard Refresher Training

2021 ◽  
pp. 104829112110383
Author(s):  
Audrey A. Cerles ◽  
Nathan N. L. Dinh ◽  
Laurel MacMillan ◽  
Daniel C. Kemp ◽  
Margaret Andrews Rush
Keyword(s):  
Safety Concern ◽  
The United States ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Just In Time ◽  
Initial Population ◽  
Safety Practices ◽  
Major Public Health Issue ◽  
Training Video ◽  
Refresher Training ◽  
Overdose Deaths

First responders encounter many hazards in the execution of their duties, and exposure to hazardous materials such as opioids is a primary safety concern. The ongoing opioid crisis in the United States continues to be a major public health issue, with overdose deaths from opioids reaching epidemic levels. Although responders frequently encounter opioids, available data on safety and risk are not always well-communicated, and we identified a need for refresher and just-in-time training products on this topic. In response, we created a training video series that is informative, concise, and visually appealing. The video series, available on YouTube, was tested with a small initial population, with findings suggesting key questions for a larger study focused on integration of the refresher training with existing programs to optimize retention and adoption of safety practices.

scholarly journals WHO World Report on Hearing: Implications for the United States and the WHO Decade of Healthy Aging

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 807-807
Author(s):  
Carrie Nieman
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
The United States ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Major Public Health Issue ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
World Report

Abstract The past 5 years have seen incredible advances in approaching hearing loss as a major public health issue. National efforts include the 2015 President’ Council of Advisors on Science and Technology and the National Academies of Science, Engineering, & Medicine’s 2016 Commission on Hearing Health Care for Adults, which led to the 2017 OTC hearing aid legislation and the expected debut of OTC hearing aids in 2020-2021. The World Report on Hearing amplifies these efforts. This presentation will cover the role of the Report in the context of the rapidly evolving hearing care landscape in the US and how the Report’s call for affordable, accessible hearing care fit within current national efforts focused on older adults. Finally, the WHO recognized 2020-2030 as the Decade of Healthy Aging. We will discuss how the World Report on Hearing integrates with broader efforts to support healthy aging locally and globally.

Sorting Out the Mixed Economy

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy C. Offner
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
New Deal ◽  
The United States ◽  
Business Associations ◽  
Welfare Programs ◽  
The Road ◽  
Social Welfare Programs ◽  
The Third World ◽  
The New Deal

In the years after 1945, a flood of U.S. advisors swept into Latin America with dreams of building a new economic order and lifting the Third World out of poverty. These businessmen, economists, community workers, and architects went south with the gospel of the New Deal on their lips, but Latin American realities soon revealed unexpected possibilities within the New Deal itself. In Colombia, Latin Americans and U.S. advisors ended up decentralizing the state, privatizing public functions, and launching austere social welfare programs. By the 1960s, they had remade the country's housing projects, river valleys, and universities. They had also generated new lessons for the United States itself. When the Johnson administration launched the War on Poverty, U.S. social movements, business associations, and government agencies all promised to repatriate the lessons of development, and they did so by multiplying the uses of austerity and for-profit contracting within their own welfare state. A decade later, ascendant right-wing movements seeking to dismantle the midcentury state did not need to reach for entirely new ideas: they redeployed policies already at hand. This book brings readers to Colombia and back, showing the entanglement of American societies and the contradictory promises of midcentury statebuilding. The untold story of how the road from the New Deal to the Great Society ran through Latin America, the book also offers a surprising new account of the origins of neoliberalism.

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