scholarly journals The movement of manganese in the plant and the practical consequences.

1965 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 392-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.H. Henkens ◽  
E. Jongman
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Upward Movement ◽  
Mn Deficiency ◽  
Deficiency Symptoms ◽  
Marsh Spot

Movement of foliar applications of Mn was investigated. Mn applied to the leaf was translocated to other parts of the plant via the roots; in the leaf, upward movement predominated. Redistribution of Mn from the roots was insufficient to prevent Mn deficiency in the foliage formed after spraying; where the soil Mn supply was insufficient, repeated spraying was necessary. In wheat, oats and sugar-beet, spraying was best done as soon as Mn deficiency symptoms became evident, and again 4 weeks later. Control of marsh spot of peas was best achieved by spraying at mid-bloom and again just after flowering.-R.B. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

scholarly journals Evaluation of glassy frits as micronutrient fertilizers. II. Manganese frits.

1967 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
C.H. Henkens ◽  
K.W. Smilde
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Sugar Production ◽  
Mn Deficiency ◽  
Deficiency Symptoms ◽  
Foliar Treatment ◽  
Marsh Spot ◽  
Mn Content ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Better Than

In pot and field tests MnSO4 and the frits FTE Z 4 (13 % Mn), HZ 1 (15.9 % Mn) and HZ 17 (21 % Mn) increased reducible soil Mn for at least 1 1/2-2 years. Mn content of pasture increased four-fold in the first cut after application of 400 kg/ha MnSO4 but sharply decreased in later cuts and became negligible by the second year. 400 kg/ha HZ 17 did not affect pasture Mn. In peas 400 kg of soil- or foliar applied MnSO4 controlled marsh spot better than 800 kg HZ 1; spraying at the middle and again at the end of the blooming stage gave the best control. With sugar beet, soil dressings of MnSO4, HZ 1 and HZ 17 equally increased yield, sugar production and leaf Mn, and decreased incidence of Mn deficiency. When the rates of these fertilizers were increased from 100, 179 and 86 kg respectively to 400, 714 and 343 kg, sugar production was not significantly improved; leaf Mn and incidence of deficiency symptoms responded to the higher Mn rates. Soil application was rather better than foliar treatment. No treatment controlled Mn deficiency throughout the entire season. The % of Mn-deficient plants was related, negatively, to leaf and reducible soil Mn, but not to yield. Soil-applied Mn did not control gray spot in oats or increase yields but sprayed Mn did. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

scholarly journals Manganese Binding by Municipal Waste Composts Used as Potting Media

1991 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy K. Broschat
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Binding Potential ◽  
Mn Deficiency ◽  
Sludge Compost ◽  
Deficiency Symptoms ◽  
Potting Media ◽  
The Media ◽  
Mn Content ◽  
Syagrus Romanzoffiana

Abstract Queen palms (Syagrus romanzoffiana (Chamisso) Glassman) grown in several types of sewage sludge compost media developed severe Mn deficiency symptoms. Seventy of the symptoms was correlated with DTPA-extractable Mn levels in the media and with leaf Mn content, but not with total media Mn. Compost media tied up over 70% of Mn added to samples within one hour, versus 62% or less for a pine bark, sedge peat, and sand medium. Analysis of autoclaved media samples suggested that some of the Mn tie up in garbage and yard trash composts is caused by microorganisms, but microorganisms had little effect on the binding potential of sludge and manure composts.

Controlling manganese deficiency in sugarbeet with foliar sprays

1991 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Last ◽  
K. M. R. Bean
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
The Other ◽  
Manganese Deficiency ◽  
Manganese Sulphate ◽  
Mn Deficiency ◽  
Deficiency Symptoms ◽  
Foliar Sprays ◽  
Mn Concentrations

SUMMARYField experiments in 1987 and 1988 on peaty-loam, Mn-deficient soils of the Adventurers series in Cambridgeshire, UK, tested the response of sugarbeet to three forms of manganese fertilizer supplied as foliar sprays. The influence of a wetter and an adjuvant on manganese absorption and growth was also investigated.Cutonic and chelated forms of Mn, when applied at standard rates, were inefficient at increasing Mn concentrations in plants and alleviating deficiency symptoms during early summer. Mn concentrations in foliage increased rapidly after spraying with manganese sulphate, and most of the deficiency symptoms disappeared. These benefits were usually enhanced when manganese sulphate sprays were used with an adjuvant.Averaged over both years, yield without Mn was 8·83 t sugar/ha; the largest yield, 9·56 t/ha, was obtained with manganese sulphate plus adjuvant. Smaller benefits were obtained with the other forms of Mn. The adjuvant, when used with chelated Mn, appeared to depress sugar yields in both years. The likelihood of reducing the number of sprays required to control Mn deficiency on Fen soils was improved by using an adjuvant with manganous sulphate sprays.

The effects of magnesium fertilizers on yield and chemical composition of sugar beet

1969 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Draycott ◽  
M. J. Durrant
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Magnesium Deficiency ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Dolomitic Limestone ◽  
Deficiency Symptoms ◽  
Muriate Of Potash

SUMMARYNineteen experiments were made between 1964 and 1967 on fields where previous sugar beet crops showed symptoms of magnesium deficiency. None, 2·5 or 5 cwt/acre kieserite or 20 cwt/acre dolomitic limestone were tested in a factorial design with none or 3 cwt/acre agricultural salt (crude sodium chloride), and 0.8 or 1.2 cwt/acre nitrogen as ‘Nitro-Chalk’. Additional plots tested kainit (7 cwt/acre) and a large dressing of potash (2 cwt/acre) as muriate of potash.Kieserite and dolomitic limestone increased sugar yield and the most effective dressing was 5 cwt/acre kieserite, which gave 3·1 cwt/acre more sugar than the crop without magnesium fertilizer. Agricultural salt and the larger dressing of nitrogen were profitable, and neither interacted with magnesium on average; the large dressing of potash also increased yield. The magnesium in the kainit increased yield slightly, but the dressing tested supplied too little to satisfy the crop's requirement of magnesium.Each year in late summer the percentage of plants showing magnesium-deficiency symptoms was recorded, and a sample of twenty-four plants harvested from each of the magnesium treatments and analysed. All the magnesium fertilizers increased the concentration of magnesium in leaves, petioles and roots, and also decreased the number of plants showing deficiency symptoms.The magnesium concentrations in plants grown without magnesium differed widely and were related both to the yield response to magnesium fertilizer and to the percentage of plants with deficiency symptoms. Both relationships showed a similar ‘transition zone’ from deficiency to adequate supply, for leaves this was 0·2–0·4% Mg, for petioles 0·1–0·2 Mg and for roots 0·075–0·125 % Mg in the dry matter.

The effects of magnesium sulphate on sugar-beet yield and its interactions with other fertilizers

1967 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. B. H. Tinker
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Magnesium Sulphate ◽  
Magnesium Deficiency ◽  
Deficiency Symptoms

Magnesium deficiency symptoms in sugar beet have increased recently. Seventeen factorial fertilizer trials, on fields where magnesium deficiency was expected, gave a mean response of 3.7 cwt/ acre of sugar to 5 cwt/acre of kieserite. Magnesium slightly increased the yield of tops, and either did not affect, or improved, juice purity and sugar percentage; it decreased yield on only one field.

EFFECTS OF Mn AND Fe SUPPLY ON THE GROWTH OF BARLEY IN NUTRIENT SOLUTION

1972 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 575-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. G. BEAUCHAMP ◽  
N. ROSSI
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Mn Toxicity ◽  
Mn Deficiency ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Deficiency Symptoms ◽  
Mn Concentration ◽  
Nutrient Solutions ◽  
Do So

The influence of three Fe levels (0.1, 0.5, 2.5 ppm) and four Mn levels (0.005, 0.05, 0.5, 1.0 ppm) in all combinations in nutrient solutions were studied in the greenhouse with barley plants. At the anthesis stage, the dry matter yield increased with increasing Fe supply when the Mn level was below optimum (0.005 ppm) or approximately optimum (0.05 ppm). At maturity, the yields of kernels and straw increased with increasing Fe supply regardless of the Mn level. Mn deficiency symptoms were evident at the lowest Mn level and were not influenced by the Fe supply. Dry matter yields at the two highest Mn levels were lower than those at the 0.05-ppm Mn level at both the anthesis and mature stages. Mn toxicity symptoms were evident only at the highest Mn level. The critical Mn concentration in the four uppermost leaf blades associated with reduced dry matter yield was approximately 15 ppm regardless of the Fe supply. The critical Mn concentration in leaves plus stem was slightly lower than that for leaf blades only. Similar results were obtained with two barley cultivars. It was concluded that increasing the Fe supply does not reduce Mn availability or concentration in barley plants when the Mn supply ranges from below to approximately optimum but may do so when the Mn supply is above optimum.

Uptake of magnesium and other fertilizer elements by sugar beet grown on sandy soils

1971 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Durrant ◽  
A. P. Draycott
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Maximum Amount ◽  
Sugar Yield ◽  
East Anglia ◽  
Potassium Sodium ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Deficiency Symptoms

SummaryTen experiments (1967–9) on sandy soil in East Anglia measured the effect of magnesium fertilizer on yield and cations in sugar beet. Magnesium fertilizer increased sugar yield by up to 0·80 t/ha and on the three most responsive fields it consistently increased top and root dry·matter yields throughout the growing period.On average, without magnesium fertilizer, the concentration of magnesium in tops progressively decreased from 0·33% at singling to 0·15% at harvest, and in roots from 0·39% to 0·09%. The corresponding decreases with magnesium fertilizer were (tops) from 0·68% to 0·20% and (roots) from 0·48% to 0·10%. Yield was increased by magnesium fertilizers when tops contained less than 0·35% Mg during May, 0·30% during June, 0·22% during July and 0·17% during August. Deficiency symptoms were not visible until the concentration in tops averaged less than 0·2% – the percentage of plants with symptoms increased rapidly at smaller concentrations. Magnesium fertilizer decreased the concentration of calcium in tops and roots but did not affect the concentration of potassium or sodium.The maximum amount of magnesium, potassium, sodium and calcium in tops (August–September) was 11, 218, 75 and 62 kg/ha respectively; these decreased to 8, 168, 55 and 50 kg/ha at harvesting, showing that only about 75% of the largest amount in tops was present at harvest. The amounts removed in roots at harvest were 9 kg/ha Mg, 75 kg/ha K, 11 kg/ha Na and 26 kg/ha Ca. A dressing of 100 kg/ha magnesium increased the amount of magnesium in the crop at harvest by only 4·5 kg/ha.

scholarly journals Deep Learning for Non-Invasive Diagnosis of Nutrient Deficiencies in Sugar Beet Using RGB Images

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (20) ◽  
pp. 5893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinhui Yi ◽  
Lukas Krusenbaum ◽  
Paula Unger ◽  
Hubert Hüging ◽  
Sabine J. Seidel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Nutrient Deficiency ◽  
Nutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Sugar Beets ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Deficiency Symptoms ◽  
Rgb Images ◽  
N Deficiency

In order to enable timely actions to prevent major losses of crops caused by lack of nutrients and, hence, increase the potential yield throughout the growing season while at the same time prevent excess fertilization with detrimental environmental consequences, early, non-invasive, and on-site detection of nutrient deficiency is required. Current non-invasive methods for assessing the nutrient status of crops deal in most cases with nitrogen (N) deficiency only and optical sensors to diagnose N deficiency, such as chlorophyll meters or canopy reflectance sensors, do not monitor N, but instead measure changes in leaf spectral properties that may or may not be caused by N deficiency. In this work, we study how well nutrient deficiency symptoms can be recognized in RGB images of sugar beets. To this end, we collected the Deep Nutrient Deficiency for Sugar Beet (DND-SB) dataset, which contains 5648 images of sugar beets growing on a long-term fertilizer experiment with nutrient deficiency plots comprising N, phosphorous (P), and potassium (K) deficiency, as well as the omission of liming (Ca), full fertilization, and no fertilization at all. We use the dataset to analyse the performance of five convolutional neural networks for recognizing nutrient deficiency symptoms and discuss their limitations.

Extraction and composition of pectins and hemicelluloses of cell walls of sugar beet roots grown in Morocco

2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Fares ◽  
C. M. G. C. Renard ◽  
Qamar R'Zina ◽  
Jean-Francois Thibault
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Cell Walls
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