scholarly journals Regeneration of leaf explants of Anthurium andraeanum Lind. in vitro.

1979 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.L.M. Pierik ◽  
P. van Leeuwen ◽  
G.C.C.M. Rigter
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Growth Substance ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Nutrient Agar Medium ◽  
Anthurium Andraeanum

Leaf explants were cultured on a basic nutrient agar medium to which were added growth substances (adenine, benzyladenine, kinetin, 2-iP [isopentenyladenine], zeatin or 2,4-D) and NH4NO3, (NH4)2SO4 or NaNO3 in various concentrations. The effects of using the surfactant Tween 20 during leaf sterilization and of growing explants in light and/or darkness for 20 weeks were also investigated. There was a strong positive correlation between callus formation and shoot regeneration. Regeneration was optimal under the following conditions: addition of 0.25-1.00 ml/litre Tween 20 during leaf sterilization, adding a growth substance (adenine 0.1 mg/litre, zeatin 1 mg/litre, or 2,4-D 0.08 mg/litre), culture during 16 weeks in darkness followed by 4 weeks of light, and including 206 mg/litre NH4NO3 in the medium. The promoting effect of low levels of NH4NO3 on shoot regeneration in callus was caused by the NH4+ ion and not by the NO3- ion. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

scholarly journals Explants selection for in vitro propagation of Pachyrhizus erosus L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 10844
Author(s):  
Idowu A. OBISESAN ◽  
Ayobola M. A. SAKPERE ◽  
Bamidele J. AMUJOYEGBE ◽  
Michael S. AKINROPO
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Stem Explants ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Friable Callus ◽  
Pachyrhizus Erosus ◽  
Regeneration Response

Pachyrhizus erosus tuber is rich in protein asides its agronomical value as a legume, but the seeds by which it is propagated have very low viability. This study established sterilization protocol and effect of various concentrations of auxins and cytokinins on callus production and shoot regeneration from explants of P. erosus. Explants and seeds were sterilized using sodiumhypochlorite (NaClO) solution (5, 10 and 15% v/v) for 5 and 10 mins. Nodal, stem and leaf explants from in vitro germinated P. erosus and tuber from field grown plant were sterilized and cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium (control) and MS combined with different concentrations of auxins (NAA and 2, 4-D) and cytokinin (BA and Kinetin) and the cultured explants were monitored in terms of degree of callus formation, morphology and colour of callus and also for shoot induction. The results showed that seeds of P. erosus sterilized with 10% NaClO solution for 10 mins and germinated in vitro is the best way of getting sterile nodal, stem and leaf explants for the in vitro propagation of the plant, while tuber explants could be sterilized with 15% NaClO for 10 minutes. Nodal explants inoculated in MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L BA gave the highest shoot regeneration response, while stem explants inoculated on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L BA and 0.5 mg/L NAA also gave the highest amount of friable callus. The study concluded that in vitro germinated seeds were the best way of getting explant for P. erosus.

scholarly journals In vitro propagation of black cumin (Nıgella satıva L.) plants

Genetika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 295-303
Author(s):  
Hüseyin Uysal
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Stem Explants ◽  
Direct Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Black Cumin ◽  
Direct Shoot

This study was carried out to determine in vitro development using Black cumin leaf and stem explants. ?ameli black cumin variety was used as plant material. Five different nutrient mediums (1. LS2.5, 2. MS, 3. MS + 0.5 mg.l-1 IAA, 4. MS + 0.5 mg.l-1 BAP, 5. MS + 0.5 mg.l-1 IAA + 0.5 mg.l-1 BAP) containing 30 g sugar were used in this study. As a result of the research, 100% callus formation was detected in the stem explants cultured in the number 1 and number 5 mediums. These were followed by stem explants cultured in medium 4 with a success rate of 96%. Of this rate, 66% was shoot formation, and 30% was callus formation. Direct shoot regeneration was performed only on stem explants cultured in mediums 4 and 3, with a 66% success rate in medium four and a 36% success rate in medium 3. The highest plant regenerations from calluses were gained from stem explants (273.3%) in medium 4, followed by calluses gained from leaf explants (262.5%) in the same medium. These were followed by cultures in medium 3, with calluses derived from stem explants (255%) and leaf explants (150%). No plant regeneration was determined from calluses gained in the medium 1. Thus it is evident that high auxin content and auxin-cytokinin balanced mediums encouraged callus formation in the black cumin plants. The addition of only IAA or BAP to the medium promoted shoot formation in the stem explants, but direct shoot regeneration was not thereby achieved from the leaf explants. These results show that, for in vitro clonal propagation studies done on black cumin plants, a high auxin containing medium is preferable if the aim is callus formation. If the aim is direct shoot regeneration, BAP or other cytokinin-containing medium is preferred.

FACTORS AFFECTING THE REGENERATION OF PEPPER (CAPSICUM ANNUUM L.)

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1120G-1120
Author(s):  
J. L. Jacobs ◽  
C. T. Stephens
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Silver Nitrate ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Nitrate Concentrations ◽  
Leaf Differentiation ◽  
Whole Plants

Several growth hormone combinations and silver nitrate concentrations were examined for their effect on regeneration of different pepper genotypes. Primary leaf explants from in vitro seedlings were cultured on a revised Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with auxin, cytokinin and 1.6% glucose. Combinations of different concentrations of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), 0-5 mg/l, and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), 0-5 mg/l, were tested to determine the most effective medium for shoot primordium formation. Experiments with IAA and BAP did not result in a specific growth hormone combination appropriate for regeneration of all genotypes tested. Of the silver nitrate concentrations tested, 10 mg/l resulted in the best shoot and leaf differentiation and reduced callus formation. Differences in organogenic response of individual genotypes were evaluated on a single regeneration medium. Whole plants were regenerated from 11 of 63 genotypes examined. Based on these experiments, a reproducible regeneration system for pepper was developed with a total of 500 plants regenerated to date.

scholarly journals In vitro shoot regeneration of boldo from leaf explants

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 2210-2213
Author(s):  
Monalize Salete Mota ◽  
Juliana de Magalhães Bandeira ◽  
Eugenia Jacira Bolacel Braga ◽  
Valmor João Bianchi ◽  
José Antonio Peters
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Shoot Development ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Bud Induction ◽  
Molecular Studies ◽  
In Vitro Shoot Regeneration

A shoot regeneration system for Plectranthus neochilus was studied from leaf explants. Leaves developed under in vitro conditions were cultured on Wood Plant Medium supplemented with 0.2mg dm-3 α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and different 6-benzilaminopurine (BAP) or thidiazuron (TDZ) concentrations (0, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0mg dm-3). An increase in percentage of responsive explants (85.3%) and in the number of shoots developed per explant (3.2) was observed when the explants were treated with 5.3 and 4.7mg dm-3 BAP, respectively. The leaf explants cultured on media supplemented with TDZ became vitreous and did not form buds. The regeneration system used is efficient for boldo bud induction and shoot development, showing high potential for advanced cellular and molecular studies.

scholarly journals Sterilisasi dan Induksi Daun Muda Durian (Durio zibethinus) Dalam Medium MS Dengan Penambahan Kinetin dan IAA Secara In Vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
Gatot Supangkat ◽  
Innaka Ageng Rineksane ◽  
Kurniawati Pamuji
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Induction Phase ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Sterilization Method ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Durio Zibethinus

A research  to study the sterilization   method  and application   of Kinetin  and IAA to induce the Durian  young  leaf (Durio zibethinus) in MS  medium   was conducted in Balai Benih Induk Hortikultura in Salaman  Magelang  district  of Central  Java  started  on September  until December 2003. The Laboratory experiment   was arranged  in two phases,  which were  the optimation  phase of sterilization   and  induction   phase.  At  the  first  phase,  the  sterilization method  used  was  the modification   of Mulya  (2001) method.  The modification   use of sterilant,  vitamin  C antioxidant, Alcohol  70 %, Benlate, Agrept,  Tween-20  and Betadine  were done to obtain  effectiveness   of the sterilization.  Explants  planted  then in MS medium  for two weeks. Contamination   time, percentage of contamination   and viabilitas  (percentage of living explants)  were observed  then.  At the second phase,  the treatments were arranged  in a 3 x 3 factorial  completely   randomized   design  (CRD)  to observed  the influence  of Kinetin  and IAA combination.   The concentration   of Kinetin  observed were 2, 4, and 6 mg/I, where  as the IAA concentration   were 0.5,  1.0, and  1.5 mg/I. All treatments were  repeated  three  times,  with three samples  on each  replication.   The percentage   of browning explants, percentage  of contaminated   explants,  site of  contamination   and percentage of explants live were observed  at the end of incubation. The results  showed that sterilization  of Durian young leaves explants  with 1  g/l deterjent  for 15 minutes  then by 2 g/l Benlate  and Agrept  for 10 minutes,  then by 1  g/200 mg Vitamin C, then by Alcohol  70 % for 1  minute, then by 20% Clorox,  then by 2 drip of Tween-20  for 10 minute and then by Betadine  decreased  the contamination down to 50 %, and this kind of sterilization  was relatively better than  the other  kinds.  Application   of growth  regulators   were  not  able  to induce  explants growth,  but stimulated  callus formation  at the cutting surface though,  in the application  of Kinetin 4 mg/1 + IAA 0,5 mg/I, Kinetin 4 mg/1 + IAA  1,5 mg/1, Kinetin  6 mg/I+  IAA 0,5  mg/1 and Kinetin 6 mg/l+IAA   1,0 mg/I.

scholarly journals Callus Induction in Baru (Dipteryx alata Vog.) Explants

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 538-543
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Kelson S. REZENDE ◽  
Ana Maria N. SCOTON ◽  
Maílson V. JESUS ◽  
Zeva V. PEREIRA ◽  
Fernanda PINTO
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Alternative Technique ◽  
Propagation Methods ◽  
Dipteryx Alata

Baru (Dipteryx alata Vog.) is a species with great economic and environmental potential; it has popular acceptance, besides being a very productive species. Alternative propagation methods are important for species maintenance and exploration. Thus, micropropagation emerged as an alternative technique, providing genetic stability and the production of a large number of seedlings. The aim of the present investigation was to develop a callus induction protocol for in vitro baru explants. The tested explants were nodal, internodal and foliar segments. The explants were disinfected for 30 seconds in 70% alcohol (v/v) and 2 minutes in sodium hypochlorite (1.25% active chlorine). This was followed by triple washing. The inoculation was carried out in test tubes containing 15 mL MS medium (30 g L-1 sucrose, 6 g L-1 agar and 100 mg L-1 ascorbic acid) supplemented with 2.0 mg L-1 naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). The solution also contained 0.0, 2.5 or 5.0 mg L-1 of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) with the pH adjusted to 5.8. In the incubation phase, the explants were cultured for seven days in the dark and then subjected to a photoperiod of 16 hours (43 µmol m-2 s-1) at 25 ± 2 °C. The treatments were studied with 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 or 10.0 mg L-1 BAP additions to the MS. Callus formation, contamination and oxidation evaluations were undertaken. The results obtained when using 2.0 mg L-1 NAA concluded that such a treatment should be used to induce callogenesis from nodal explants, while for the tested baru leaf explants, the best results for callus formation were given by the combination of 2.0 mg L-1 NAA with 2.5 mg L-1 of BAP to.

scholarly journals Development of an in vitro Callus Induction Protocol and Shoot Proliferation for Selected Jatropha (Jatropha curcas) Accessions

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-141
Author(s):  
Hundessa Fufa ◽  
Jiregna Daksa
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Regeneration Medium ◽  
Adventitious Shoot Buds

The present study was undertaken to establish a protocol for in vitro callusing of three Jatropha accessions, namely Metema, Adami Tulu and Shewa Robit from leaf explants. The medium supplemented with combination of 4.44 μM BAP and 4.52 μM 2,4-D resulted in maximum percentage of callus (100%) formed for all accessions. The maximum shoot regeneration (66.67%) from callus with 10.13 number of shoot was obtained from Shewa Robit in MS medum fortified with TDZ (2.27 μM ) and IBA (0.49 μM ). The presence of TDZ in the shoot regeneration medium has greater influence on the induction of adventitious shoot buds, whereas MS supplemented with BAP alone and combination with IBA did not induce shoot regeneration from callus culture. The results obtained in the present study would facilitate the high callus induction and regeneration responses in Jatropha for its improvement using biotechnological tools. Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 30(1): 131-141, 2020 (June)

scholarly journals Comparative analyses of stevioside between fresh leaves and in-vitro derived callus tissue from Stevia rebaudiana Bert. using HPLC

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 199-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Mahmud ◽  
S Akter ◽  
IA Jahan ◽  
S Khan ◽  
A Khaleque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retention Time ◽  
Callus Tissue ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Green Callus

A protocol was developed to produce large amount of callus in short a period of time from leaf explants of Stevia rebaudiana Bert. The highest amount of white callus was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 2.5 mg/l 2, 4-D and 0.5 mg/l BAP after 3 weeks of inoculating leaf segments. On the other hand, 0.5 mg/l BAP and 1.0 mg/l Kn exhibits poor performance towards callus formation while after using 1.0 mg/l Kn alone did not develop any callus. In this experiment, highest amount of green callus was obtained when MS medium supplemented with 2.5 mg/l NAA and 10% coconut water was used. An improved analytical method HPLC was applied to analyze stevioside extracted from the leaf and callus of Stevia rebaudiana. The stevioside in each sample were analyzed by comparing their retention times with those of the standards. The retention time (RT) of stevioside for leaves were found 14.96 and for callus 13.81 mins. The percentage of stevioside content from leaves and callus was 12.19% and 12.62% respectively DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v49i4.22621 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 49(4), 199-204, 2014

scholarly journals In vitro adventitious shoot regeneration from leaf explants of some apricot cultivars

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Vladimirovna Mitrofanova ◽  
Irina Vjacheslavovna Mitrofanova ◽  
Tatyana Nikolaevna Kuzmina ◽  
Nina Pavlovna Lesnikova-Sedoshenko ◽  
Sergey Vladimirovich Dolgov
Keyword(s):  
Callus Formation ◽  
System Development ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Propagation Methods

ABSTRACT Apricot is one of the most valuable commercial fruits. In vitro propagation of apricot is very important for rapid multiplication of cultivars with desirable traits and production of cleaning up and virus-free plants. Low frequency of multiplication is the main limiting factor for traditional propagation methods. In this regard, the objective of our investigation was to study the morphogenetic capacity of apricot leaf explants of the promising cultivars ‘Iskorka Tavridy’, ‘Magister’ and ‘Bergeron’ for regeneration system development and solving some breeding questions. The source of explants was in vitro plants regenerated and cultured on QL medium. Leaves were maintained in the dark at 24±1 °C in thermostat for three-four weeks. Morphogenic callus and structures were mainly formed at the central and proximal parts of leaves on MS, QL and WPM media with 1.5 or 2.0 mg L-1 BAP and 1.5 or 2.0 mg L-1 IAA in different combinations, or TDZ (0.6 and 1.3 mg L-1). Callus with adventive buds was transferred to regeneration medium and placed into a growth chamber at 24±1 °C and 16-hour photoperiod with a light intensity of 37.5 μmol m-2 s-1. The best results were obtained when adaxial leaf surface was in contact with the culture medium. Frequency of leaf callus formation on MS medium with 1.5 mg L-1 BAP and 1.5 mg L-1 IAA was higher in the explants of ‘Iskorka Tavridy’ (80.0%) than in - ‘Bergeron’ (50.0%) and ‘Magister’ (36.7%). The best results of callogenesis for ‘Magister’ was obtained on MS medium with 1.3 mg L-1 TDZ (53.3%). Active microshoot regeneration in ‘Iskorka Tavridy’ cultivar was shown on MS medium with BAP and IAA and in ‘Magister’ cultivar - on MS medium with TDZ. Rhizogenesis was obtained on half strength MS medium with 2.0 mg L-1 IBA.

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