scholarly journals Prevalence of urinary tract infection and sensitivity pattern amongst children less than 3 years of age with fever in a tertiary care hospital in South Karnataka

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 736
Author(s):  
Jasmine John Ponvelil ◽  
Hema Narasimhe Gowda ◽  
Savitha Mysore Ram Raj
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Colony Count ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Antimicrobial resistance is a major concern especially in urinary tract infections in children as improperly treated urinary tract infections (UTIs) on long term can cause renal scarring in young children, which leads to long term morbidities like hypertension, chronic renal disease and pre-eclampsia. The empirical therapy for UTI varies regionally due to their varied sensitivities and resistance pattern. This study aims to facilitate policy making in empirical antibiotic therapy of pediatric patients with urinary tract infections.Methods: A cross sectional study, which included a group of 140 children’s (6 months to 3 years) with fever were included in the study. All patients with colony count >1 lakh CFU/ml or colony count >50,000 CFU/ml, with leukocyturia (>5 WBCs/HPF in centrifuged urine) or colony count >1000 CFU/ml with urinary symptoms were diagnosed to be positive for urinary tract infection.Results: The prevalence of UTI in febrile children less than 3 years in our study was 0.1%. Out of 140 patients with fever, 35 were UTI positive. E. coli was the most commonly isolated organism (60%), followed by MRSA (14.2%) and Enterococci (11.4 %). E. coli was found to be most sensitive to nitrofurantoin (85.7%), followed by gentamicin (61.9%) and norfloxacin (38%). E. coli showed high resistance to cefuroxime (76.2%) and ceftriaxone (71.4%). MRSA was found to be most sensitive to linezolid and vancomycin, and resistant to norfloxacin.Conclusions: The data shows the increased resistance of E. coli to commonly prescribed antibiotics like cefuroxime and ceftriaxone. So, this study shows the empirical treatment of UTI in our region and the importance of having antibiotic prescription policies in every region.

scholarly journals Urinary tract infections in children aged 6 months to 5 years presenting with severe acute malnutrition in a tertiary care hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 474
Author(s):  
Naveen Dangayach ◽  
Hemant Jain
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Severe Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Acute Malnutrition ◽  
World Health ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Asymptomatic Children ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTI) is more common in malnourished children than in well-nourished children. Malnutrition is associated with immune deficiency which makes affected children more vulnerable to various severe infections. World Health Organization (WHO) defined severe acute malnutrition (SAM) as weight-for-height below -3 standard deviations (or Z-scores) or mid upper arm circumference <11.5 cm or visible severe wasting or bilateral pedal edema.Methods: All eligible children were consecutively enrolled in the study. Detailed anthropometry measurements were taken and physical examination was done. Two urine specimens for routine microscopy and culture and sensitivity were sent. Antibiotic therapy was given as per standard protocol/sensitivity pattern. Statistical analysis was performed using the statistical packages for social sciences (SPSS) version 20 IBM Corporation.Results: Prevalence of UTI in our study was 21.54% in children with SAM. UTI was more common in females than males in SAM children with maximum prevalence in less than 24 months of age. MUAC was the most prevalent diagnostic criteria. Fever was the most common presenting symptom, but 36.84% asymptomatic children with SAM had UTI. Increased frequency of micturition had 100% association with UTI. E. coli was the most common isolated bacteria. Most sensitive antibiotic was imipenem. Routinely used antibiotic like ceftriaxone showed significant percentage of resistance.Conclusions: Given the high prevalence of UTI among children with SAM, it is suggested that urine culture should be performed in all children with SAM to diagnose UTI and to treat it on basis of antibiotic sensitivity pattern. 

scholarly journals Bacterial Aetiology and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Community-Acquired Urinary Tract Infections in Children in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 134-139
Author(s):  
Lazina Sharmin ◽  
Shaheen Akter
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Bacterial Aetiology ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children are among the most common bacterial infections. Community-acquired urinary tract infections (CAUTI) are often treated empirically with broad-spectrum antibiotics. Pattern of aetiologic agents and their antibiotic sensitivity may vary according to geographical and regional location. So, knowledge of antibiotic resistance trends is important for improving evidence-based recommendations for empirical treatment of UTIs.Objectives: To determine the common bacterial aetiologies of CAUTIs and their antibiotic resistance patterns in a tertiary care hospital, Savar.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at Enam Medical College Hospital, Savar from May 2016 to April 2017. We collected clean-catch mid-stream urine samples from 257 patients having clinical diagnosis of UTI and submitted to the clinical microbiology laboratory for culture and sensitivity.Results: A total of 120 (46.7%) samples were positive for bacterial growth. Escherichia coli (79%) was the most common pathogen, followed by Klebsiella spp. (14%). Bacterial isolates showed high prevalence of resistance to multiple antibiotics. Resistance against amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, co-trimoxazole and ciprofloxacin was higher compared to newer quinolones and aminoglycosides.Conclusion: Esch. coli and Klebsiella spp. were the predominant bacterial pathogens. The resistance pattern to commonly prescribed antibiotics was quite high and alarming.J Enam Med Col 2017; 7(3): 134-139

scholarly journals Microbial spectrum of urinary tract infections and its antibiogram in a tertiary care hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 2718
Author(s):  
Monika Yadav ◽  
Rohan Pal ◽  
Shan Damrolien ◽  
Sulochana D. Khumanthem
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Test ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Background: Urinary tract infections are one of the major health problem effecting both sexes of all age group. UTIs are often treated with different broad-spectrum antibiotics. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of bacteria causing urinary tract infections and their susceptibility pattern from patients reporting in RIMS Hospital.Methods: Mid stream urine (MSU) specimens sent to the laboratory from October 2014 to September 2016 were collected and inoculated onto blood agar and MacConkey agar and incubated at 37ºC for 24 hours. Identification and antibiotic susceptibility test was done following standard operative procedures.Results: 25.66% (1142/4450) samples showed a significant growth out of which 42% (479/1142) were male and 58% (663/1142) were female. E. coli has been found to be the major pathogen causing UTI which account for 61% (696/1142) followed by Staphylococcus aureus 12% (137/1142), CONS 7% (79), Enterococcus spp. 6% (67), Klebsiella spp. 5% (57), Proteus spp. 2% (22), Pseudomonas spp. 2%, Acinetobacter spp. 2% and Candida spp. 3%. Imipenem was the most susceptible antibiotic for Enterobacteriaceae, E. coli (85.9%), Klebsiella spp. (89.4%) and Proteus spp. (95.4%). Vancomycin is 100% sensitive while Linezolid, Nitrofurantoin and Gentamicin are also highly sensitive for both Staphylococcus aureus and CONS.Conclusions: These data may be used to determine trends in antimicrobial susceptibilities, to formulate local antibiotic policies in order to assist clinicians in the rational choice of antibiotic therapy to prevent misuse, or overuse, of antibiotics.

scholarly journals A study on catheter associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of uropathogens causing CAUTI from a tertiary care hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 196-199
Author(s):  
Archana Rao K ◽  
Vishwajith ◽  
Ritika Sahkare ◽  
Sangeetha S
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Tract Infections

Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI), remains the commonest hospital-acquired infection (HAI). This emphasizes the need to implement and monitor effective infection control programs to reduce the risk of CAUTI. Aim of the present study was to determine the etiology with antibiotic susceptibility and also to calculate CAUTI rate. The Patients admitted in intensive care unit (ICU), Rajarajeshwari Medical College and Hospital who were on urinary catheter insertion for &#62;48 hours from 1 August, 2019 to 30 September, 2019 were included in the study. Under aseptic conditions urine samples were collected from clinically suspected cases of CAUTI, the samples were processed in the department of Microbiology, as per standard protocols. Uropathogens were isolated, identified and subjected to antibiotic sensitivity test. CAUTI rate was calculated and results were noted. Among 460 patients on catheter in ICU, 28(6%) patients developed clinical signs or symptoms of UTI. Of 28 urine samples cultured, 4(14%) yielded growth of single organis [Escherichia coli (3), Klebsiella (1)] and 24(86%) showed no evidence of growth. 2300 catheter days were obtained of 460 patients on indwelling catheter in ICU. Thus CAUTI rate was 1.74 per 1000 catheter days over a 2 month period.CAUTI remained a great burden to patient safety and a challenge to the infection control team. Implementation of proper care bundles and continuous education to health care workers plays a key role in reducing the CAUTI rates, thereby decreasing the morbidity and hospital stay to the patients.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document