scholarly journals Placental thickness as a sonographic biomarker for gestational age among singleton pregnancies

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 4617
Author(s):  
Gokul Reshmi Mariappan ◽  
Hiremath B. Panchaksharayya ◽  
Govardhanan R.
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Femur Length ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Laboratory Investigations ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Placental Thickness ◽  
Singleton Pregnancies

Background: The aim of the study was to exploring the application of placental thickness as a sonographic marker for determining gestational age among singleton pregnant mothers.Methods: This longitudinal, observational study was conducted in obstetrics and gynecology department and department of Radiology, Sri Venkateshwaraa Medical College and Hospital, Ariyur, Puducherry, in antenatal mothers of 11-40 weeks of gestation from 2018 to 2019. The study included 278 normal singleton pregnant women. The details regarding the socio-demographic variables, relevant clinical history and examination, laboratory investigations and ultrasound report containing gestational age, placental thickness measured at the level of cord insertion were documented in a proforma. The sonographic measurements were made using a grey scale real time ultrasound machine Siemens ACUSON x400 with a convex 2-5 mhz probe.Results: The study included 278 pregnant women with a mean age of 25.8±44 years. Majority of them were home makers (n=155, 55.7%) and educated (n=257, 92.4%) and primigravida(n=117, 57.9%).The position of the placenta in majority of the participants was posterior placed (71.6%). The mean gestational age of the studied antenatal women was 28.3±7.2 weeks as per ultrasonogram. Majority of the participants were younger aged between 20 to 30 years of age and very few teenage pregnancies. There was a significant correlation between the gestational age and placental thickness (p<0.001). There was a significant (p<0.001) correlation between placental thickness and femur length (r=0.972).Conclusions: The placental thickness showed significant positive correlation with the gestational age as measured by ultrasonogram. Hence it can be used as a parameter in determining the gestational age.

scholarly journals TO COMPARE ESTIMATION OF GESTATIONAL AGE BY FOETAL TRANSCEREBELLAR DIAMETER WITH BIPARIETAL DIAMETER`, FEMUR LENGTH, ABDOMINAL CIRCUMFERENCE, HEAD CIRCUMFERENCE AT DEPARTMENT OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY AT SMS MEDICAL COLLEGE, JAIPUR

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samta Solanki ◽  
Anusha S ◽  
B S Meena
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Femur Length ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynaecology ◽  
Biparietal Diameter ◽  
The Mean

Background: Ultrasonographic assessment of gestational age by using different foetal parameter such as BPD, FL, AC are highly reliable in first and second trimester in pregnancy. In third trimester reliability of any single parameter has limitations. Methods: This was a hospital based comparative cross-sectional study done in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, S.M.S. Medical College and attached hospitals, Jaipur, Rajasthan. The period of study was from June 2018 to October 2019. Results: The mean TCD at 15 weeks and 40 weeks was 15.00 ± 0.00mm and 53.33±1.155mm respectively. The mean BPD at 16 weeks and 40 weeks was 33.50±0.70mm and 93±1.528mm respectively. The mean HC at 15 weeks and 40 weeks was 111.00±1,41mm and 340±2.00mm respectively. The mean FL at 15 weeks and 40 weeks was 18.50±0.70mm and 77.67±1.528mm respectively. The mean AC at 15 weeks and 40 weeks was 99.00±1.41mm and 365.33±8.32mm respectively. Conclusion:  We conclude that foetal transcerebellar diameter can thus be used as an alternative foetal parameter to assess gestational age and can be used in cases of wrong dates or when other routine parameters are not conclusive or did not accurately predict gestational age for e.g. in cases of hydrocephalus, brachycephaly, dolicocephaly, intrauterine growth restriction, achondroplasia or short limb dwarfism. Keywords: Gestational age, Linear regression, BPD

scholarly journals Development of Symphysio Fundal Height Curve

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Chowdhury Taslima Nasrein ◽  
Ferdousi Begum ◽  
Jaglul Haider Khan ◽  
Novera Islam ◽  
Zahangir Alam
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Gestation Age ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: To Develop a symphysio fundal height(SFH) curve of pregnant women from 20 weeks of pregnancy onwards; and to find out the relationship of fundal height with different variables. Methodology: A cross-sectional hospital based study was conducted from 1st january 2010 to 31st December 2010 on 159 patients with gestation age less than 20 weeks at entry in the OPD of Department of Obstetric and Gynaecology, Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College & Hospital, Shere-e Bangla Nagar, Dhaka,Bangladesh. All the patients were followed up till delivery. Results: The measurements of SFH obtained on the basis of 10, 50th and 90th percentiles and the rate of growth of SFH was approximately 5 mm per week from 24 weeks to 36 weeks and thereafter it was 5-6 mm per week till 40 weeks.Patients with higher socioeconomic class had higher symphysio fundal height.SFH is less in younger subjects. SFH increases with increased height,weight,gestational age,gravidity of mothers and birth weight of the baby.Multiparous was predominant and more than one third (34.6%) of the study patients height belonged to 1.51 - 1.60 meters. The mean±SD gestational age was 39.2±1.4 weeks with range from 28 to 41 weeks. Low birth weight was found 17.0% and the mean±SD birth weight was 2.8±0.4 kg with range from 1.9 to 3.8 kg. Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2017; Vol. 32(1): 20-24

Sonographic Assessment of Amniotic Fluid Volume using Single Deepest Pocket (SDP) among Igbo Women with Uncomplicated Singleton Pregnancies.

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Chijioke Okeudo ◽  
B.U. Ezem
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fluid Volume ◽  
Singleton Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Amniotic Fluid Volume ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Singleton Pregnancies

Background: The amniotic fluid is fundamental for proper fetal development and growth. Ultrasound visualization of the amniotic fluid permits both subjective and objective estimates of the amniotic fluid. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the reference values of normal single deepest pocket (SDP) – upper and lower limits, mean SDP and variation of the SDP with gestational age among Igbo women of South-Eastern Nigeria extraction carrying uncomplicated singleton pregnancy. Methodology: This was a prospective cross sectional study involving 400 women carrying uncomplicated singleton pregnancies and who were sure of the date of the first day of their last menstrual period. The single deepest pocket / maximum vertical pool were determined once at presentation at the hospital.. The study was conducted from January 1st to December 31st 2015. The second author carried out all the scanning. The SDP was obtained. Results: The womens’ mean and median ages were the same at 28 years. The gestational age range of the pregnancies was 14-41 weeks. The mean SDP was 5.8cm, while the 5th and 95th percentiles were 3.3cm and 8.5cm respectively. There was no difference in the mean SDP in both term and preterm. There was irregular but continuous rise of mean SDP to a peak of 6.8cm at gestational age of 39 weeks. In conclusion, the participants had a mean SDP of 5.8cm. There was also a positive correlation between SDP and Gestational age. We therefore recommend a longitudinal study to assess perinatal outcome and abnormal amniotic fluid volume among Igbo women of South-Eastern Nigeria. Key words: Single Deepest Pocket, Uncomplicated Singleton Pregnancy, Igbo Women.

Is there a Need for Own Median Calculation in the Second Trimester Biochemical Markers Screening?

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 1070-1072
Author(s):  
Dan Navolan ◽  
Mirela Nicolov ◽  
Simona Vladareanu ◽  
Ioana Ciohat ◽  
Marius Craina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Biochemical Marker ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Established Method ◽  
Crown Rump Length ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Fetal Aneuploidies ◽  
Singleton Pregnancies

Screening of fetal aneuploidies in early pregnancy is a well-established method in the materno-fetal medicine. The aim of our study was to analyze if the medians recommended by the manufacturers are adequate to perform an accurate screening or if there is a need for own laboratory medians calculation in second trimester biochemical marker screening.Sera were collected between 14 wp and 22 wp from 3374 singleton pregnancies. We analyzed three second trimester biochemical markers (AFP, hCG and free Estriol) concentration in all pregnant women and in a subgroup of pregnant women in which gestational age was determined based on crown-rump length. Our results showed that for all biochemical markers the difference between the manufacturer and the own calculated median was lower than 10% excepting the hCG value in the group of pregnant women in which the gestational age was determined on basis of crown-rump-length. Our results show it is recommended to replace the values of the median for hCG measurement with the own laboratory calculated medians. This does not seem to be necessary in the case of AFP and free Estriol measurement.

scholarly journals Placental thickness: an important parameter in determining gestational age and fetal growth during ANC scan

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 4619
Author(s):  
Dipali Kadam ◽  
Saurabh Patil ◽  
Meenal Jain
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
P Value ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Femur Length ◽  
Biparietal Diameter ◽  
Antenatal Sonography ◽  
Umbilical Cord Insertion ◽  
Placental Thickness

Background: Gestational Age (GA) is one of the most imperative parameters required for proper management in pregnancy. Routinely GA is estimated by sonography utilising Biparietal Diameter (BPD), Femur Length (FL), Abdominal Circumference (AC) and Head Circumference (HC). In any case, these parameters have some limitations. Hence, there is need to find other parameters that may complement the established fetal biometric parameters in predicting GA. The objective of the present study was to assess placental thickness in second and third trimester pregnancies and its relationship with fetal gestational age and its role in detecting LBW and IUGRMethods: A cross sectional prospective study was carried out in three hundred pregnant women between 13 to 40 weeks of gestation, who came for routine antenatal sonography. Placental thickness was measured along with routine parameters. Placental thickness was measured at the level of umbilical cord insertion by two-dimensional ultrasonography.Results: Correlation between the GA by LMP and Placental thickness by ultrasound was done by using Karl Pearson's Correlation(r). The values were expressed as mean + standard deviation. Correlation between placental thickness and gestational age was statistically significant as p value is <0.01. Placental thickness measured in millimetres increases with gestational age in second and third trimester.Conclusions: The correlation between the placental thickness and gestational age was linear and direct. Therefore, Placental thickness is used as a predictor for estimation of gestational age of the fetus in cases where LMP is not known and in detecting developing IUGR and low birth weight.

scholarly journals Time of quickening is associated with the placental site and BMI in nulliparous women

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Negin Jaafar ◽  
Lars Henning Pedersen ◽  
Olav Bjørn Petersen ◽  
Lone Hvidman
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Nuchal Translucency ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Nulliparous Women ◽  
Placental Site ◽  
Fetal Movements ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Important Milestone

AbstractIntroductionQuickening, the first sensation of fetal movements, is an important milestone for pregnant women. Information on the expected gestational age at quickening may reduce anxiety and prevent delayed detection of intrauterine demise but the available data are from the 1980s before the emergence of modern ultrasound techniques.Materials and methodsProspective observational study on nulliparous women blinded for placental location in two hospitals in Denmark. The pregnant women were enrolled at the time of nuchal translucency scan, placental location was determined at time of second trimester scanning.. The women were blinded to placenta location before time of quickening. Time of quickening were reported by 122 women, 65 with an anterior and 57 with a posterior placenta. Thirteen women had a BMI >30 (10.7%).ResultsThe mean gestational age for quickening was 19 + 0 weeks for nulliparous women. The timing depended on placental site; women with an anterior placenta experienced quickening 6.4 days later than the women with a posterior placenta. BMI > 30 was associated with a later time of quickening.ConclusionsAnterior placental location is associated with delay in experience of fetal movements of 6.4 days and this may further be delayed in women with a BMI>30.

The effect of ear acupressure medicine at the “Shen Men” point on the nausea and vomiting during pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1774-1779
Author(s):  
Sanaz Nehbandani ◽  
Hajar Salehi ◽  
Khadije Rezaie Keikhaie ◽  
Hossein Rashki Ghalenow ◽  
Fatemeh Mirzaie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Health Clinics ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Introduction & Objective: Nausea and vomiting during pregnancy is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders that more than 85% of pregnant women experience. However, controlling and treating this complication is still one of the most important issues in antenatal care. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ear acupressure at Shen Men point on relieving nausea, vomiting and retching during pregnancy. Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 100 pregnant women with a gestational age of less than 16 weeks attending the health clinics of Zabol city during 2019-2020 were studied in two control and intervention groups (n = 50 in each group). The samples in the intervention group were trained to apply pressure on their ears’ Shen Men point with the thumb for three minutes three times a day (morning, noon, and night), for a duration of one month. At the end of second and fourth weeks, the data were collected using the Rhodes index form and then, were analyzed by SPSS software version 22. Results: According to the results, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age, gestational age, occupation and education. The difference in the mean scores of nausea, vomiting and retching was not statistically significant between the control and intervention groups before the study. But four weeks after the study, a significant difference was observed in the mean scores of vomiting, nausea and retching between the two groups, so that the mean scores of vomiting, nausea and retching were significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group. Conclusion: The ear acupressure medicine at the Shen men point can be used as a non-invasive, safe and inexpensive method to relieve nausea, vomiting and retching during pregnancy. Keywords: Acupressure medicine, Shen Men, Vomiting, Pregnancy, Nausea, Retching, Rhodosis

scholarly journals Kisspeptin: new biomarker of pregnancy

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 3021
Author(s):  
Priyanka Meena ◽  
Rati Mathur ◽  
Mohan L. Meena
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Elisa Method ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynaecology ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Single Blood Sample

Background: The recently identified hormone kisspeptin has been suggested to play an important regulatory role in placentation. The aim and objective of the study is the measurement of serum kisspeptin level in asymptomatic pregnant women and to find out the association of serum kisspeptin with gestational age in women with early pregnancy.Methods: This was a longitudinal study to the evaluation of 178 asymptomatic pregnant women with a gestation of 6 to 16 weeks attending routine antenatal booking visit recruited as study participants from the Antenatal Clinical of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, S.M.S. Medical College and Attached Hospitals, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.Results: After initial clinical examination of every participant, a single blood sample was taken for the measurement of serum kisspeptin. Serum kisspeptin measurement test was performed by ELISA method and results were expressed as ng/ml. Pregnancy outcome was recorded prospectively. Mean serum kisspeptin level of study participants was 2.80±1.87ng/ml and median were 2.41 (Range 0.244-14.06ng/ml). Our result showed the relationship of serum kisspeptin with gestational age (GA) (p<0.000).Conclusions: serum kisspeptin level increases in pregnancy and showed positive relationship with gestational age significantly (p<0.000).

scholarly journals Functional Status of Maternal Thyroid Gland in Eclampsia

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
M Hafizur Rahman ◽  
Mahbub Ara Chowdhury ◽  
Shahin Mahmuda
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Maternal Thyroid ◽  
Complicated Pregnancy ◽  
In Pregnancy

Marked changes in maternal thyroid activity occur in pregnancy. During pregnancy bodily hormonal changes and metabolic demands result in complex alteration in the bio-chemical parameters of thyroid activities. Besides these, thyroid enlargement, increased thyroid capability for iodine uptake and increase in basal metabolic rate are evidential though these findings are not usually associated with symptoms of hyperthyroidism in pregnancy. Serum concentration of thyroid hormone thyroxine and triiodothyronine in complicated pregnancy like eclamptic toxemia is another field of controversy. To evaluate the changes in thyroid function in normal pregnancy and eclamptic toxemia, a study was undertaken in Rajshahi Medical College Hospital. We collected serum specimens from non pregnant but married women, normal 3rd trimester pregnant women and patients with eclampsia at 3rd trimester of pregnancy and measured serum concentrations of total and free thyroxine (TT4 & FT4) and total and free triiodothyronine (TT3 & FT3 ) by using RIA. Among the study subjects, 10 women were married but non pregnant, 12 women were in their 3rd trimester of normal pregnancy and 32 patients of eclamptic toxemia with 3rd trimester of pregnancy. In normal pregnancy, FT4 and FT3 levels remained normal while TT4 and TT3 levels were elevated. In patients with toxemia of pregnancy, the mean serum TT3 concentration was significantly lower than that of normal pregnancy and the serum FT3 concentrations were below the normal pregnancy range. The mean serum TT4 and FT4 concentrations in patients with eclampsia were however, significantly higher than those in normal pregnant women. TAJ 2018; 31(1): 9-14

scholarly journals Evaluation of Serum Magnesium Level in Preeclampsia

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
HL Roy ◽  
S Nargis ◽  
SH Mahmud ◽  
NWB Jahan ◽  
MS Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Serum Magnesium ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Magnesium Level ◽  
Medical Complication ◽  
Serum Magnesium Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Age Range

Preeclampsia is the most common medical complication of pregnancy associated with increased maternal and infant mortality and morbidity. Reduced serum magnesium level is found to be associated with elevated blood pressure in preeclampsia. The purpose of this cross-sectional study is to evaluate the serum magnesium level in preeclamptic women. For this study 50 preeclamptic patients, with age range 20 to 40 years having gestational age range from 20 to 40 weeks and 50 age and gestational age matched normotensive pregnant women having no proteinuria were enrolled. Serum magnesium was measured by colorimetric method. The mean(±SD) age and mean(±SD) gestational age of preeclampsia was not significantly different from those of normotensive pregnant women (p=0.203 and p=0.251 respectively). The mean(±SD) body mass index of the preeclamptic patients was significantly higher compared to that of normotensive pregnant women (p<0.001). The mean(±SD) serum magnesium level was 3.37±2.05 mg/dl in preeclamptic group and 2.87±1.38 mg/dl in normal pregnant women; the level did not differ significantly between the subject of preeclampsia and normal pregnant women (p=0.153). Findings of this study suggest that serum magnesium has no association with preeclampsia.Bangladesh J Med Biochem 2017; 10(1): 10-15

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