scholarly journals An intraorbital foreign body with paradoxical radiological interpretations to dive in or not? a surgeon’s dilemma

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 3113
Author(s):  
Arup Deuri ◽  
Bikram Dam ◽  
Naveen Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Clinical Judgement ◽  
History Taking ◽  
Orbital Trauma ◽  
Surgical Exploration ◽  
Mri Brain

A 10-year-old girl presented to our O.P.D. with intra-orbital trauma. On radiological workup following admission, USG B Scan, MRI Brain and 3D reconstructed faciomaxillary imaging were indeterminate for presence of foreign body, whereas CT scan showed a hyperdense lesion suggestive of intra-orbital foreign body. In this condition of imaging dilemma, surgical exploration was decided since there was no improvement in clinical symptoms via lateral orbital approach. Two small wooden pieces were detected in orbital exploration. This case highlights the role of history taking, clinical judgement in all cases of intraorbital tumour more so in paediatric population than solely going by the investigative modalities.

scholarly journals More to it than meets the eye: a case of retained intraorbital foreign body removed using transcutaneous orbital endoscopic surgery

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. e233198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kshitij D Shah ◽  
Susan P Chacko ◽  
Tejal Patel ◽  
Renuka Bradoo
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
History Taking ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Orbital Trauma ◽  
Retained Foreign Body ◽  
Entry Wound ◽  
History Of ◽  
Low Threshold ◽  
Restricted Mobility ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

The possibility of a retained foreign body should always be considered when a patient presents with a history of orbital trauma, especially when the patient is unresponsive or temporarily responsive to treatment. Not all cases of retained foreign body present with decreased vision or restricted mobility or fever. The entry wound is also not apparent on examination in all cases. In summary, meticulous history-taking, thorough examination, high index of suspicion along with a low threshold for imaging studies are essential to make a timely diagnosis of a retained intraorbital foreign body. The prompt removal with the appropriate approach may not only save the eye but also the life of the patient.

Potential Role of Cytokines in Children with Acute Appendicitis and Acute Mesenteric Lymphadenitis

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-133
Author(s):  
Astra Zviedre ◽  
Arnis Engelis ◽  
Mohit Kakar ◽  
Aigars Pētersons
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mesenteric Lymphadenitis ◽  
Proper Diagnosis ◽  
Near Future

Potential Role of Cytokines in Children with Acute Appendicitis and Acute Mesenteric Lymphadenitis Although, AAP and AML have different etiological factors, clinical symptoms are very much similar but treatment tactics in both the disease differ a lot. In case of AML, treatment is more conservative and does not require hospitalization while in case of AAP immediate hospitalization and maybe further surgery can be mandatory. With the identification of group of cytokines serum inflammatory mediators IL-8, IL-10, IL-12[p70], IL-17, TNF-a and MCP-1, it is believed early and proper diagnosis of AAP in the near future. Research of cytokines-serum inflammatory mediators has opened new opportunities for an early detection and differentiation of these two diseases in children.

The Role of the Coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CoNS) in Infective Endocarditis; A Narrative Review from 2000 to 2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 1140-1153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad A. Noshak ◽  
Mohammad A. Rezaee ◽  
Alka Hasani ◽  
Mehdi Mirzaii
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Prosthetic Valve ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Native Valve ◽  
Native Valve Endocarditis

Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are part of the microbiota of human skin and rarely linked with soft tissue infections. In recent years, CoNS species considered as one of the major nosocomial pathogens and can cause several infections such as catheter-acquired sepsis, skin infection, urinary tract infection, endophthalmitis, central nervous system shunt infection, surgical site infections, and foreign body infection. These microorganisms have a significant impact on human life and health and, as typical opportunists, cause peritonitis in individuals undergoing peritoneal dialysis. Moreover, it is revealed that these potential pathogens are mainly related to the use of indwelling or implanted in a foreign body and cause infective endocarditis (both native valve endocarditis and prosthetic valve endocarditis) in patients. In general, approximately eight percent of all cases of native valve endocarditis is associated with CoNS species, and these organisms cause death in 25% of all native valve endocarditis cases. Moreover, it is revealed that methicillin-resistant CoNS species cause 60 % of all prosthetic valve endocarditis cases. In this review, we describe the role of the CoNS species in infective endocarditis, and we explicated the reported cases of CoNS infective endocarditis in the literature from 2000 to 2020 to determine the role of CoNS in the process of infective endocarditis.

scholarly journals Role of Integrated Functional Assessment Pathway Using 99m Tc -Mebrofinate SPECT-CT Scan, ICG, Elastography and HVPG in Patients at Risk of Post Hepatectomy Liver Failure

HPB ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. S38
Author(s):  
B.V. Dasari ◽  
P. Kadam ◽  
K.J. Roberts ◽  
R.P. Sutcliffe ◽  
N. Chatzizacharias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Functional Assessment ◽  
Patients At Risk

scholarly journals Role of Probiotics and Their Metabolites in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBDs)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-66
Author(s):  
Toumi Ryma ◽  
Arezki Samer ◽  
Imene Soufli ◽  
Hayet Rafa ◽  
Chafia Touil-Boukoffa
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Active Metabolites ◽  
Complex Disorders ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a term used to describe a group of complex disorders of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. IBDs include two main forms: Crohn’s Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC), which share similar clinical symptoms but differ in the anatomical distribution of the inflammatory lesions. The etiology of IBDs is undetermined. Several hypotheses suggest that Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis result from an abnormal immune response against endogenous flora and luminal antigens in genetically susceptible individuals. While there is no cure for IBDs, most common treatments (medication and surgery) aim to reduce inflammation and help patients to achieve remission. There is growing evidence and focus on the prophylactic and therapeutic potential of probiotics in IBDs. Probiotics are live microorganisms that regulate the mucosal immune system, the gut microbiota and the production of active metabolites such as Short-Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs). This review will focus on the role of intestinal dysbiosis in the immunopathogenesis of IBDs and understanding the health-promoting effects of probiotics and their metabolites.

scholarly journals Clinicoradiologic Evaluation of Eagle’s Syndrome and its Management

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Pokharel ◽  
S Karki ◽  
I Shrestha ◽  
BL Shrestha ◽  
K Khanal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Styloid Process ◽  
History Taking ◽  
3D Ct ◽  
Ct Reconstruction ◽  
Eagle’S Syndrome ◽  
Elongated Styloid Process ◽  
Intraoral Approach ◽  
3D Ct Scan ◽  
Significant Difference

Background Eagle’s syndrome (Elongated styloid process) is often misdiagnosed due to its vague symptomatology. The diagnosis relies on detail history taking, palpation of styloid process in tonsillar fossa and imaging modalities.Objective To assess the length and medial angulation of elongated styloid process with the help of three dimensional computed tomography (3D CT) scan and to describe our clinical and surgical experience with patients suffering from Eagle’s syndrome.Method Prospective, analytical study conducted from August 2011 to August 2012 among 39 patients with Eagle’s syndrome. Detailed history taking, clinical examination and 3D CT scan was performed. Length and medial angulation was calculated. Patients with styloid process length longer than 2.50 cm underwent surgical excision via intraoral approach. Medial angulation of styloid process on both sides was correlated with each other using rank correlation coefficient. Wilcoxon Signed Rank test was applied to test significant difference between pre-operative and post-operative symptoms scores.Result Significant positive correlation was found between the medial angulation of styloid process on right side and left side (? =0.81, p<0.001). Significant difference was also observed between pre and post-operative symptoms scores (z=-5.16, p<0.001) .Conclusion Possibility of Eagle’s syndrome should always be considered while examining patients with vague neck pain. 3D CT reconstruction is a gold standard investigation which helps in studying the relation of styloid process with surrounding structures along with accurate measurement of its length and medial angulation.Kathmandu Univ Med J 2013; 11(4): 305-309

scholarly journals Dose dependence of efficacy but not of safety in sublingual immunotherapy

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Frati ◽  
C. Incorvaia ◽  
F. Marcucci ◽  
L. Sensi ◽  
G. Di Cara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sublingual Immunotherapy ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Dose Dependence ◽  
Subcutaneous Immunotherapy ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Systemic Reactions ◽  
Significant Difference

Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) currently represents, as indicated by meta-analysis of its efficacy and safety, a valid option to the generally used traditional subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) for treating respiratory allergy. Regarding efficacy, recent studies demonstrated that, similar to what has already been observed in SCIT as well as in experimental and clinical studies about the magnitudo of allergen exposure, the effectiveness on both clinical symptoms and immunologic changes depends on the amount of allergen administered during treatment. In addition, in vitro studies addressed with the role of dendritic cells, currently considered to be of pivotal importance in orienting toward tolerance the immune response to allergens, showed that the internalisation of allergen molecules, which is followed by tolerogenic presentation to T cells, depends on the amount of allergen. However, such dose dependence is not apparent concerning the safety. In fact, the comparison of studies respectively conducted with high and low allergen doses did not show differences in the rate of systemic reactions, which in any case never had the presentation of anaphylaxis, and instead a significant difference in the rate of local reactions, following the oral and gastrointestinal contact with the allergen extract, in favour of high dose studies.

Anorexia Nervosa in a Black Zimbabwean

1984 ◽  
Vol 145 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Buchan ◽  
L. D. Gregory
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Traditional Healer ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
The Social ◽  
Speculative Hypothesis ◽  
African Patients

SummaryIn spite of the comparative rarity of anorexia nervosa in African patients, the case of a young black Zimbabwean woman which fulfils Feighner's diagnostic criteria is presented. Special reference is made to several unusual features which include the social and psychological conflicts engendered by changes of culture, the clinical symptoms, and the role of a traditional healer in her recovery. A speculative hypothesis concerning aetiology is suggested.

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