scholarly journals Study of analgesic property of diacerein in rat

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 4316
Author(s):  
Rajlaxmi Upadhyay ◽  
Goutam Siddhartha ◽  
Manas Ranjan Upadhyay ◽  
Trupti Rekha Swain
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Spinal Level ◽  
Analgesic Drugs ◽  
Analgesic Property ◽  
Tail Flick Latency

Background: Diacerein has been known as an anti-osteoarthritic agent that is usually given along with other analgesic drugs. Still there is no evidence of the analgesic effect of diacerein alone. So this pilot study was undertaken to assess the analgesic property at supra-spinal level by using the tail-flick method.Methods: Diacerein at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg was given to Albino wistar rats weighing approximately 100-200 grams along with distilled water as placebo. All drugs were given by oral routes and the analgesic effect was evaluated using analgesiometer at baseline, 15 min, 30 min, 60 min and 120 min. Analgesic activity was measured as change in tail flick latency from baseline in animals.Results: Diacerein showed significant increase in tail flick latency and showed promising analgesic activity compared to placebo starting from 15 mins till 60 mins. However the effect persisted up to one hour only and after which it started decreasing.Conclusions: Diacerein at all the three doses possess dose dependant analgesic activity that is maximally effective up to 60 minutes.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ANALGESIC ACTIVITY OF MURRAYA KOENIGII AND CORIANDRUM SATIVUM LEAVES EXTRACT IN ANIMAL MODEL.

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 328
Author(s):  
Kartik Salwe J ◽  
Mirunalini R ◽  
Jervin Mano ◽  
Manimekalai K
Keyword(s):  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Coriandrum Sativum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Murraya Koenigii ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus

 Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate the analgesic activity of hydroalcoholic extract of Murraya koenigii and Coriandrum sativum leaves and compared it with standard drug in an animal model.Methods: Hydroalcoholic extracts of M. koenigii and C. sativum leaves were obtained using Soxhlet apparatus. The central analgesic property was screened by hot plate method in mice and tail flick method in rats. The pain reaction time (PRT) was measured at 30, 60, and 120 min. The peripheral analgesic activity was evaluated by acetic acid induced writhing in mice.Results: In hot plate method M. koenigii leaves extract at both doses and tramadol showed significant increase in PRT at 30, 60, and 120 min compared with control group. C. sativum leaves extract showed significant increase in PRT only at 60 and 120 min compared to control group. In tail flick method M. koenigii leaves extract at both doses, higher dose of C. sativum leaves extract and tramadol showed significant increase in PRT at 30, 60, and 120 min compared with control group. Higher dose of M. koenigii leaves extract (200 mg/kg) was comparable with standard drug tramadol in both the methods. M. koenigii leaves extract at both dose showed significant reduction in the number of writhing but C. sativum leaves extract failed to show any significant reduction in the number of writhing compared with control. Higher dose of M. koenigii leaves extract was comparable with standard drug tramadol.Conclusion: M. koenigii leaves extract showed both peripheral and central analgesic effect while C. sativum leaves extract showed only peripheral analgesic effect.

scholarly journals Evaluation of analgesic activity of the methanol extract from the galls of Quercus infectoria alone and as an adjuvant in wistar rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 701
Author(s):  
Abishek P. Raichurkar ◽  
Shashikala Gowdara Hanumanth Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Syringic Acid ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Quercus Infectoria

Background: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and opioids are the most preferred drugs for pain relief. Considering the gastrointestinal toxicity, dependence and other side effects, search for better analgesic drug continues. Quercus infectoria (QI) is from the family Fagaceae. The galls of QI are comprised of tannin (36 to 60%), gallic acid, ellagic acid, and syringic acid. They possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anti-diabetic properties. In India, galls of QI have been used for the treatment of toothache, diarrhoea, sore throat and inflammatory diseases as a home remedy. This study was conducted to evaluate the analgesic activity of methanolic extract of galls of QI on wistar rats using tail-flick and Eddy’s hot-plate methods. The objective of the study was to evaluate the analgesic activity of methanolic extract of galls of QI alone and as an adjuvant with tramadol on Wistar rats.Methods: Total of 24 wistar rats were included in the study and divided into 4 groups. They received drugs intra-peritoneally as follows. In group 1, normal saline, in group 2, tramadol, in group 3, methanolic extract of galls of QI and in group 4, tramadol with methanolic extract of galls of QI was available.Results: Methanolic extract of galls of QI produced significant maximal possible analgesia (<0.001) at 30 and 60 minutes in tail-flick method whereas it failed to produce analgesia in hot-plate method during all time intervals.Conclusions: Methanolic extract of galls of QI showed analgesic activity in tail-flick method indicating that its possible mechanism of action is spinally mediated.

5-HT1A Receptors Mediate Analgesia Induced by Emulsified Sevoflurane in Thermal Nociception but Have Little Effect on Chemical Nociception

Pharmacology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 100 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Chen Yan ◽  
Dai Ti-jun ◽  
Li Xin ◽  
Cao Gao ◽  
Jiang Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Intraperitoneal Injection ◽  
Serotonin Receptor ◽  
Intrathecal Injection ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Hot Plate Test ◽  
Thermal Nociception ◽  
Tail Flick Latency ◽  
Specific Antagonist ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: The study aimed to investigate the relationship between the analgesic effect of sevoflurane and 5-serotonin receptor 1A (5-HT1A R) in the spinal cords of mice. Methods: Analgesic mouse models were established by intraperitoneal injection of emulsified sevoflurane, and the influence of p-MPPF (a specific antagonist of 5-HT1A Rs) intrathecal injection on the changes in tail-flick latency in tail-withdrawal test, pain threshold in hot-plate test (HPPT), and writhing times in acetic acid-induced writhing test were recorded. Results: Intraperitoneal injection of emulsified sevoflurane alone produced an analgesic effect (p < 0.05). p-MPPF (2, 4, and 8 μg) alone had no impact on tail-flick latency, HPPT, and writhing times in mice (p > 0.05). The 3 doses of p-MPPF reduced the tail-flick latency or HPPT. p-MPPF 8 μg can increase the writhing times (p < 0.05) in analgesic mice with sevoflurane, while p-MPPF 2 and 4 μg did not affect the writhing times. Conclusion: 5-HT1A Rs in the spinal cord may be an important target for the analgesic effect of sevoflurane on the thermal nociception, but it has little relation to the anti-chemical chemical nociceptive effect of sevoflurane.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF ANALGESIC ACTIVITY OF NELUMBO NUCIFERA FRUIT ETHANOL EXTRACT

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
MUHAMMAD ALI RAJPUT ◽  
TABASSUM ZEHRA ◽  
FIZZAH ALI ◽  
GUNESH KUMAR
Keyword(s):  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Nelumbo Nucifera ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Tail Flick Test ◽  
Pathway Inhibition

Objective: Utilization of herbal remedies rich in flavonoids and vitamins have increased significantly these days to treat various disorders, thus existing research work encircled to appraise the analgesic effect of Nelumbo nucifera fruit (NNF) for evaluating its traditional use pharmacologically in disorders which are associated with pain and inflammation. Methods: Central analgesic activity in mice was assessed by tail flick test and the latency time i.e. the removal of tail from the stimulus was recorded. Similarly acetic acid induced writhing test was also conducted for the assessment of peripheral analgesic effect in mice and number of writhes was counted along with percent inhibition of writhes. Results: In tail flick test the peek anti-nociceptive effect at all doses of fruit was observed at 90 min. However, the percentage of tail elongation time was highest at a dose of 200 mg/kg i.e. 82% at 90 min. Number of writhes was highly significantly reduced at all doses of NNF but maximum effects were observed at dose 200 mg/kg as compared to control, indicating 48.41 % inhibition of writhes. Conclusion: NNF have exhibited strong analgesic effect in both animal models, which may be connected with the synergistic actions of flavonoids, saponins and tannins on arachidonic acid pathway inhibition. Hence NNF seems to have a great potential in disorders associated with pain but more experimental trials in this field are required to confirm these findings.

EFFECTIVENESS PROGNOSTICATION OF A COMBINED ANALGESIC FORMULATION DEPENDING ON QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION OF ITS COMPONENTS

2016 ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
N. G. Vengerovich ◽  
M. A. Yudin ◽  
A. S. Nikiforov ◽  
G. S. Sagalov ◽  
M. S. Vakhviyainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interaction ◽  
Opioid Receptor ◽  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Receptor Agonist ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Tail Flick Test ◽  
Opioid Receptor Agonist ◽  
Combined Administration

In experiments on rats, analgesic activity of fentanyl opioid receptor agonist and central 2-adrenomimetic dexmedetomidine as well as the character of their interaction at a combined administration were studied. Meaneffective anesthetic doses of the drugs in heat radiant tail flick test were 54.5 and 22.5 μg/kg correspondingly. Using izobolographic analysis, it was shown that for a combination with equal parts or with a greater part of fentanyl, the type of drug interaction can be characterized as potentiation. A model of prognostication of probability values of the analgesic effect development in relation to doses of combination components was elaborated and experimentally tested.

Membrane stabilizing, thrombolytic, analgesic, anti-diarrheal and CNS activities of Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 104-109
Author(s):  
Ridwan Islam ◽  
Md. Al Amin Sikder ◽  
Rafeeq Alam Khan ◽  
Mansoor Ahmed ◽  
Mohammad A. Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Tail Flick Latency ◽  
Albino Mice ◽  
Polyalthia Longifolia ◽  
Crude Methanol Extract

Different fractions of Polialthia longifolia (Sonn.) bark were evaluated for membrane stabilizing, thrombolytic, analgesic, anti-diarrheal and CNS de-pressant activities upon oral administration at 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight. The membrane stabilizing activity was assessed by heat and hypo-tonic solution. Carbon tetrachloride fraction of methanol extract of P. longi-folia bark demonstrated strong membrane stabilizing activity, while the crude methanol extract demonstrated mild to moderate thrombolytic activi-ty in human blood specimen. The analgesic activity was assessed by tail im-mersion and formalin-induced pain method in Swiss-albino mice. The crude methanol extract of P. longifolia bark exhibited significant peripheral and central analgesic activity, since inhibited chemical induced writhing at 200 mg/kg and increased tail flick latency time both at 200 and 400 mg/kg. The anti-diarrheal activity of the bark extract was assessed by using castor oil induced diarrhea in mice however significant anti-diarrheal activity was not revealed. The CNS inhibitory activity of the methanol extract was assessed in Swiss albino mice where it reduced phenobarbitone sodium induced sleep-ing time at 400 mg/kg.

Involvement of opioidergic and serotonergic systems in the analgesic activity of Cissus quadrangularis L. stem extract in mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tan Wee Nie ◽  
Mohamed Saleem Abdul Shukkoor ◽  
Rajesh Sreedharan Nair ◽  
Fatimah Khursiah Binti Amiruddin ◽  
Shamala Ramasamy
Keyword(s):  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Cissus Quadrangularis ◽  
Stem Extract

AbstractDriedChloroform extract showed significant (p<0.05) analgesic effect at the doses of 75, 150 and 300 mg/kg in hot plate and tail flick tests. Methanol extract showed significant (p<0.05) analgesic effect at the dose of 300 mg/kg in hot plate and tail flick tests. Analgesic activity was not blocked (p<0.05) in the group pretreated with phentolamine but blocked in the groups pretreated with naloxone andThe chloroform extract was found to be more potent than methanol extract in inducing analgesic effect in mice, and the analgesic activity may be mediated through opioidergic and serotonergic pathways.

scholarly journals Effect of adjuvant drugs on the analgesic activity of opioid morphine analgesics and compound RU-1205

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Alexander A. Spasov ◽  
Olesya Iu. Grechko ◽  
Natalya V. Eliseeva ◽  
Yuliya V. Lifanova ◽  
Angelina N. Aleksandrenkova
Keyword(s):  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Opioid Analgesics ◽  
Benzodiazepine Receptor ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Opioid Agonist ◽  
Tail Flick Test ◽  
Kappa Agonist ◽  
Kappa Opioid Agonist ◽  
Probable Interaction

Introduction: Adjuvant medications can be used to increase the analgesic effect of opioid analgesics, reduce the manifestation of side effects, and also for premedication. This paper provides information on the effect of clonidine, haloperidol, metocloparmide, diazepam, midazolam on opioid analgesics: - morphine and the selective kappa-opioid agonist compound RU-1205. Materials and methods: A probable interaction between RU-1205, morphine and adjuvant drugs in pain behaviors was carried out on the model of somatogenic pain. 95 male mice received either RU-1205 (5 mg/kg, i.p.) and morphine (1 mg/kg, i.p.) separately or in combination with haloperidol (0.45 mg/kg, i.p.); midazolam (0.3 mg/kg, i.p.); diazepam (1 mg/kg, i.p.); metoclopramide (5 mg/kg, i.p.), and clonidine (1 mg/kg, i.p.). The analgesic effect was assessed by tail flick test. Registration of the latent period of the reaction was carried out 30, 60 and 90 minutes after the adjuvant drug administration. Results: When studying the interaction with morphine, it was found that clonidine, haloperidol and metoclopramide enhanced the effects; diazepam offset them, and midazolam had no affect on the analgesic properties. In the course of the studies, RU-1205 showed an increase in analgesic activity when combined with clonidine, a slight increase with midazolam, and a decrease when co-administered with diazepam. Haloperidol had no influence on the effect of RU-1205, while metoclopramide both potentiated and reduced the analgesic effect. Discussion: Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic interactions of RU-1205 with an α2AR agonist, benzodiazepine receptor agonists, D2P antagonist, and σ-receptor blocker were established. Conclusion: The presented data make it possible to more accurately formulate ideas about the localization and action mechanism of the kappa-agonist of opioid receptors, the compound RU-1205.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF ANALGESIC ACTIVITY OF NELUMBO NUCIFERA FRUIT ETHANOL EXTRACT

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
MUHAMMAD ALI RAJPUT ◽  
TABASSUM ZEHRA ◽  
FIZZAH ALI ◽  
GUNESH KUMAR
Keyword(s):  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Nelumbo Nucifera ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Tail Flick Test ◽  
Pathway Inhibition

Objective: Utilization of herbal remedies rich in flavonoids and vitamins have increased significantly these days to treat various disorders, thus existing research work encircled to appraise the analgesic effect of Nelumbo nucifera fruit (NNF) for evaluating its traditional use pharmacologically in disorders which are associated with pain and inflammation. Methods: Central analgesic activity in mice was assessed by tail flick test and the latency time i.e. the removal of tail from the stimulus was recorded. Similarly acetic acid induced writhing test was also conducted for the assessment of peripheral analgesic effect in mice and number of writhes was counted along with percent inhibition of writhes. Results: In tail flick test the peek anti-nociceptive effect at all doses of fruit was observed at 90 min. However, the percentage of tail elongation time was highest at a dose of 200 mg/kg i.e. 82% at 90 min. Number of writhes was highly significantly reduced at all doses of NNF but maximum effects were observed at dose 200 mg/kg as compared to control, indicating 48.41 % inhibition of writhes. Conclusion: NNF have exhibited strong analgesic effect in both animal models, which may be connected with the synergistic actions of flavonoids, saponins and tannins on arachidonic acid pathway inhibition. Hence NNF seems to have a great potential in disorders associated with pain but more experimental trials in this field are required to confirm these findings.

scholarly journals A study to evaluate efficacy of Tinospora cordifolia (Guduchi) as analgesic agent using albino wistar rats as an experimental animal model

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 242
Author(s):  
Purnendu Mandal ◽  
Asoke Kumar Das ◽  
Ananya Mandal ◽  
Tuhin Kanti Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Tinospora Cordifolia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
P Value ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Tail Flick Latency

Background: Pain is a very well-known symptom of many diseases and analgesics are used to relieve pain. The main problem with these drugs remains that of side effects. Herbal medicines are better in view of their cultural acceptability, better compatibility with human body systems and lesser incidence of side effects. Extract of Tinospora cordifolia (Guduchi) plant have been traditionally used to treat pain in traditional medicine.Methods: Commercially available preparation of T. cordifolia plant has been used as test drug (aqueous extract). Healthy albino rats of either sex, weighing between 140-200 g were selected for the study, divided into 4 groups of 6 each (control, standard, 100 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg). Central analgesic activity was assessed by tail flick model (morphine as standard drug I.P). Acetic acid 1% 10 ml/kg aqueous solution I.P. was used for abdominal writhing model. Diclofenac 150 mg/kg oral as standard drug for assessment of peripheral analgesic activity. Results were analysed using SPSS version 16 and Microsoft office excel 2007.Results: T. cordifolia extract significantly increased the tail flick latency time (sec) (mean tail flick latency control, T100, T300 6.833±0.25 sec, 8.65±017 sec, 10.01±0.14 respectively) (p value control vs T100, T300 at 90 min, 120 min, 0.0573, 0.0198, 0.0198 in between group) and decreased number of abdominal writhing in comparison with the control group (p value <0.0001).Conclusions: Extract of T. cordifolia was found to possess analgesic activity and also exhibited dose and time dependant increase involving central and peripheral mechanisms. The analgesic activity of T. cordifolia found to be comparable to standard drug used.

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