scholarly journals Glycated albumin as medium-term glycemic control in diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 3739
Author(s):  
Fahrun Nur Rosyid ◽  
Khristophorus Heri Nugroho Hario Seno ◽  
Ahmad Fadhlur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Glycated Albumin ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Long Term Monitoring ◽  
Term Monitoring

Monitoring of glucose levels is essential in preventing the complications of diabetes mellitus, including short, medium and long-term monitoring. Short-term monitoring includes random plasma glucose, fasting plasma glucose, 2-hour post prandial plasma glucose and Oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT). The medium-term monitoring includes fructosamine and Glycated albumin (GA) while the long-term monitoring is glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Currently, the most recommended examination for glucose level monitoring in patients with diabetes mellitus is the glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). However, there seem to be some conditions where the HbA1c value is doubtful or unreliable. Some of these conditions include anemia, thalassemia, dialysis and pregnancy. The best choice at this time is GA.

scholarly journals Glycated albumin is a better indicator for glucose levels than glycated hemoglobin in patients with diabetes mellitus on insulin therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Alvina Alvina ◽  
Pusparini Pusparini ◽  
Meiyanti Meiyanti ◽  
Lie T Merijanti
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Metabolic Disease ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Glycated Albumin ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Random Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Levels

<p><strong>Background</strong></p><p>Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease with a large incidence in the world and constitutes a global health problem. By 2030 it is estimated that there will be around 439 million people suffering from DM. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease caused by a lack or absence of the hormone insulin. In type 2 DM pharmacotherapy can be given one of which is insulin. To monitor therapy, random blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and glycated albumin (GA) levels can be examined. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship of glycated albumin and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) with random blood glucose in insulin-treated diabetics.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Methods</strong></p><p>A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 92 type 2 diabetic patients treated with insulin. The study used a questionnaire and blood samples. We measured the GA , HbA1C and random blood glucose levels. A multiple linear regression was used to analyze the data.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Results</strong></p><p>Mean HbA1c was 9.21 ± 2.15%, mean glycated albumin was 24.4 ± 8.65%, and mean blood glucose was 229.47 ± 98.7 mg / dL. Multiple linear regression tests showed that HbA1c (B= 5,544;β=0.121;p=0.420) and GA (B=5.899;β=0.517;p=0.001) was signigicantly corelated with random blood gucose, respectively, indicating that glycated albumin is significantly related to and has the greatest influence on glucose level.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Conclusion</strong></p><p>Glycated albumin is correlated with and has greater influence on glucose level than does HbA1c. Glycated albumin could be a better marker for glycemic control than glycated hemoglobin in diabetic patients treated with insulin.</p>

scholarly journals TELAAH KOMPREHENSIF DIABETES MELITUS: KLASIFIKASI, GEJALA, DIAGNOSIS, PENCEGAHAN, DAN PENGOBATAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 304-317
Author(s):  
Dudi Hardianto
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Genetic Disorders ◽  
Medical Intervention ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Test ◽  
Glucose Test ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. In general, diabetes is classified into type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), gestational, and other specific diabetes. The causes of diabetes are genetic disorders and environmental. Common symptoms of diabetes include: polydipsia, polyphagia, glycosuria, polyuria, dehydration, fatigue, weight loss, reduced vision, cramps, constipation, and candida infection. Test for diagnosis of diabetes include: fasting plasma glucose test, plasma glucose test after 2 hours of 75 g oral glucose administration, the glycated hemoglobin test (HbA1C), and random blood glucose test. Prevention of T1DM is still difficult because of the limited knowledge of metabolic, genetic, and immunological processes in the development of T1DM. T2DM is prevented by lifestyle and medical intervention. Insulin is the only drug for T1DM, whereas T2DM is treated with metformin as drug’s primary choice for reducing blood glucose levels. Diabetes melitus merupakan penyakit kelainan metabolisme yang ditandai dengan hiperglikemia. Secara umum, diabetes diklasifikasikan menjadi: diabetes melitus tipe 1 (DMT1), diabetes melitus tipe 2 (DMT2), gestasional, dan diabetes spesifik lain. Penyebab diabetes adalah kelainan genetik dan lingkungan. Gejala umum diabetes antara lain: polidipsia, polifagia, glikosuria, poliuria, dehidrasi, kelelahan, penurunan berat badan, daya penglihatan berkurang, kram, konstipasi, dan infeksi candida. Pemeriksaaan untuk diagnosis diabetes meliputi: pemeriksaan glukosa plasma saat puasa, pemeriksaan glukosa plasma setelah 2 jam pemberian glukosa oral 75 g, pemeriksaan hemoglobin terglikasi (HbA1C), dan pemeriksaan glukosa darah acak. Pencegahan DMT1 masih sulit karena terbatasnya pengetahuan proses metabolisme, genetik, dan imunologi pada perkembangan DMT1. DMT2 dicegah dengan intervensi gaya hidup dan intervensi medis. Insulin merupakan satu-satunya obat untuk DMT1, sedangkan DMT2 diobati dengan metformin sebagai pilihan utama dan non obat untuk menurunkan kadar glukosa dalam darah.

scholarly journals The correlation between the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus and maternal age in Southern China

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-Yi Zhao ◽  
Qing Yu ◽  
Xiao-Ming Yang ◽  
Xiang-Xin Li
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Iadpsg Criteria

Abstract Objectives The present study aimed to survey the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Southern China and further to analyze the correlation between the prevalence of GDM and maternal age. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out at the Southern Medical University Affiliated Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China between January and April 2020. Oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) was performed, using a 75 g glucose load and venous samples were drawn at 0 h, 1 h and 2 h at 24–28 weeks of gestation. GDM was diagnosed by International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) criteria. Results The prevalence of GDM was 14.87% by IADPSG criteria. The incidence of GDM outcome increased and plasma glucose levels remained high among the age subgroups (<20, 20–24, 25–29, 30–34, 35–39, ≥40 years old) in pregnant women. Moreover, the levels of plasma glucose levels after OGTT kept rising among the pregnant women with non-gestational diabetes mellitus (non-GDM). Furthermore, pregnant women were inclined to have abnormal plasma glucose values at 1 h and 2 h than initial fasting plasma glucose (FPG) after OGTT as the age increased. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that the incidence of GDM outcome and plasma glucose levels increase as the maternal age increase.

scholarly journals Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus and Thalassemia

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
E. Yordanov ◽  
E. Hristov ◽  
I. Parvova ◽  
V. Petkova ◽  
K. Andreevska
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Thalassemia Minor ◽  
Diagnostic And Prognostic Value

AbstractDiabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia, which is caused by impaired insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Four complications of DM have been identified – diabetes microangiopathy including nephropathy, retinopathy and polyneuropathy and diabetes macroangiopathy. DM is diagnosed on the basis of one of the following criteria: 1. Presence of typical symptoms – polyuria, polyphagia, polydipsia, weight loss and accidental plasma glucose value ≥ 11.1 mmol/l. 2. Fasting plasma glucose level ≥ 7.0 mmol/l. 3. Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) – 2-hour blood glucose level ⩾ 11.1 mmol/l. 4. Test for glycated hemoglobin HbA1c⩾6.5%. Regular monitoring of blood glucose is crucial for good control of diabetes. Two are the most commonly available methods for glycemic monitoring – 1) home self-assessment; 2) HbA1c test. In this paper we discuss the diagnostic and prognostic value of HbA1c in comorbid patients with DM and diseases, where there are deviations in hemoglobin and erythrocyte values. In the scientific literature, single reports are available that give scarce guidance on how to manage these patients. It is mentioned that anemia should be treated individually, however no data could be found on what should be the standard behavior in such patients. According to the American Diabetes Association, only the blood glucose should be used when the relationship between HbA1c and glycemia is altered. Because of the diverse gene pool of the US population, different variants of hemoglobin may interfere with HbA1c measurements, although tests in the USA are standardized. Discrepancies between HbA1c and plasma glucose should suggest that testing for HbA1c may not be reliable for a particular patient. We present a clinical case of a comorbid patient with DM and thalassemia minor, whose glycemic control with glycated hemoglobin HbA1c is unreliable.

Future Needs for Long-Term Monitoring Design

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara S. Minsker ◽  
Charles Davis ◽  
David Dougherty ◽  
Gus Williams
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring Design ◽  
Future Needs ◽  
Long Term Monitoring ◽  
Term Monitoring
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