scholarly journals A study on the prevalence of risk factors and presence of diabetic foot ulcers in T2DM patients in K. R. Hospital, Mysuru

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 2983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandrashekar S. ◽  
Suraj Muralidhar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Outpatient Basis ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcers ◽  
Foot Care ◽  
Minimum Data ◽  
Care Behavior

Background: India is one of the top ten diabetes mellitus (DM) countries. Thus, the aim of this study was to survey the prevalence of DFU risk factors and DFU prevalence among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.Methods: An epidemiological study was conducted on an outpatient basis in K. R. hospital, Mysuru. All T2DM participants were ≥ 18 years were included. Demographic and foot care behavior were assessed using minimum data sheet (MDS). Meanwhile, presence of risk factors was evaluated for neuropathy and presence of angiopathy was evaluated with ankle brachial index (ABI) by using a hand-held doppler both dorsal and posterior tibial.Results: At the end of study, 249 T2DM participants were enrolled. The prevalence of DFU risk factors was 55.4% (95% CI: 53.7% - 57.0%), and prevalence of DFU was 12% (95% CI: 10.3% - 13.6%).Conclusions: Even though the prevalence of DFU is high, identification associated factors for presence of risk and DFU has not been integrated into national guideline. Thus, preventive strategies should be introduced at early stage to prevent presence of risk and DFU. 

scholarly journals Assessment of the risk factors of glycemic variability in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-68
Author(s):  
E. S. Makhlina ◽  
Y. L. Navmenova ◽  
O. N. Kononova
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 ◽  
Glycemic Variability ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type ◽  
Outpatient Basis ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Hypoglycemic Therapy ◽  
Dm Type 2

Objective: to assess the presence of glycemic variability in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM Type 2), as well as to identify the risk factors which affect the degree of expression of the variability indices. Material and methods. Glycemic variability indices were assessed in 92 patients with DM Type 2 receiving different hypoglycemic therapy regimens. Results . It has been found that glycemic variability in 78 % of the examined patients with DM Type 2 was expressed and depended on the regimen of hypoglycemic therapy. The use of insulin therapy in the treatment regimen in patients with DM Type 2 and a BMI of less than 28.6 kg/m2 is a risk factor that increases glycemic variability. Postprandial hyperglycemia (2 hours after breakfast) is caused by high variability regardless of the regimen of hypoglycemic therapy. SD variability indices and glycemic amplitude are the assessment criteria for the degree of glycemic variability in the postprandial period of time. Conclusion . Glycemic variability in patients with DM Type 2 is expressed and depends on the regimen of hypoglycemic therapy. Calculation of glycemic variability indices in glycemic self-control will improve individual target glycemia values and it will make it possible to correct the tactical scheme of hypoglycemic therapy on an outpatient basis.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factors of Peripheral Arterial Disease in type 2 Diabets Mellitus in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Muhamad Taufik Ismail ◽  
Hariadi Hariawan ◽  
Firman Fauzan Arief Lutfie ◽  
Dhite Bayu Nugroho ◽  
Vina Yanti Susanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Peripheral Arterial

Aim: Diabetes mellitus increases the risk of peripheral artery disease (PAD) 2 times. PAD is diagnosed by ABI (Ankle Brachial Index). PAD increases mortality and morbidity of patient with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) Type 2. This study aims to determine the prevalence and risk factors of PAD in the population of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.   Methods: This study was a community-based descriptive and analytic observational study that examines the prevalence and risk factors of PAD in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diagnosis of PAD was detected by ABI examination using VaSera VS-1500N. All patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Yogyakarta who meet the inclusion criteria will be enrolled in this study. The research subjects were taken in multi-stage, cluster-random sampling in Yogyakarta. The patient will undergo an interview of demographic data which were assessed by one assessor.  Data from interviews and ABI examinations were analysed statistically.   Results: Two hundred and fifty-six (256) patients with type 2 DM consisted of 188 patients (73.4%) women and 68 patients (26.6%) men. Prevalence of PAD diagnosed by abnormal ABI was found in 41 (16%) of 256 patients. Subjects with age more than 67 years old was significantly associated with PAD occurrence (P=0,001) in type 2 DM population.   Conclusion: The prevalence of PAD was 16% of 256 type 2 DM patients. Age more than 67 years old was the strong risk factor of PAD in type 2 DM.   Key words: Ankle Brachial Index, Peripheral Arterial Disease, Diabetes mellitus, Prevalence, Risk Factor

scholarly journals Penerapan Perawatan Kaki untuk Meningkatkan Sirkulasi Darah pada Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1727-1731
Author(s):  
Muhammad Adam ◽  
I Isytiaroh
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Foot Care ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

AbstractDiabetes mellitus is a chronic disease characterized by an increase in blood sugar exceeding 140 mg/dL. The purpose of this case study is to describe a foot care intervention with type 2 diabetes mellitus to improve blood circulation. The design of this scientific paper uses a case study method with the subject of two clients who have type 2 diabetes mellitus with blood sugar above 140 mg/dL in Sidorejo Comal Village. The intervention provided was daily foot care, and it was carried out for four days. Evaluation of this intervention has been proven to reduce blood sugar and increase blood circulation which can be measured by glucometer and Ankle Brachial Index (ABI). The results of this study showed a decrease in blood sugar and an increase in ABI in both clients, client 1 experienced a decrease in blood sugar from 256 mg/dL to 197 mg/dL, the ABI value from 0.81 increased to 0.90 and the second client experienced a decrease in blood sugar. from 318 mg/dL to 195 mg/dL, the ABI value from 0.77 increased to 0.92. The conclusion of this case study shows that foot care can reduce blood sugar and increase ABI in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Suggestions for health workers are expected to provide foot care interventions to reduce blood sugar and increase ABI, in the form of foot care interventions in people with diabetes mellitus. type 2.Keywords: Ankle brachial index, Blood circulation, Diabetes mellitus, Foot care AbstrakDiabetes melitus merupakan penyakit kronis yang ditandai dengan kenaikan gula darah melebihi 140 mg/dL. Tujuan studi kasus ini adalah untuk menggambarkan tindakan perawatan kaki dengan diabetes melitus tipe 2 untuk meningkatkan sirkulasi darah. Rancangan karya tulis ilmiah ini menggunakan metode studi kasus dengan subyek dua klien yang mengalami diabetes melitus tipe 2 dengan gula darah diatas 140 mg/dL di Desa Sidorejo Comal. Intervensi yang dilakukan adalahmelakukan perawatan kaki setiap hari dan dilakukan selama empat hari Evaluasi dari tindakan tersebut terbukti dapat menurunkan gula darah dan meningkatkan sirkulasi darah yang dapat diukur dengan glukometer dan Ankle Brachial Index (ABI). Hasil studi ini menunjukan adanya penurunan gula darah dan peningkatkan ABI pada kedua klien,klien 1 mengalami penurunan gula darah dari 256 mg/dL menjadi 197 mg/dL, nilai ABI dari 0,81 meningkat menjadi 0,90 dan klien kedua mengalami penurunan gula darah dari 318 mg/dL menjadi 195 mg/dL, nilai ABI dari 0,77 meningkat menjadi 0,92. Simpulan studi kasus ini menunjukan bahwa perawatan kaki mampu menurunkan gula darah dan meningkatkan ABI pada penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2. Saran bagi tenaga kesehatan diharapkan dapat memberikan tindakan untuk menurunkan gula darah dan meningkatkan ABI berupa tindakan perawatan kaki pada penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2.Kata kunci: Ankle brachial index, diabetes melitus,perawatan kaki, sirkulasi darah

scholarly journals A study of prevalence of peripheral arterial disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus using ankle-brachial index and its correlation with coronary artery disease and its risk factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1776
Author(s):  
R. K. Sharma ◽  
Pashaura S. Sandhu ◽  
Ajay Chhabra ◽  
Jagbir Singh ◽  
Rajat Kharbanda
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
History Of ◽  
Peripheral Arterial

Background: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is one of the macrovascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). There is significant difference in the reported prevalence of PAD and its associated risk factors between Indian and Western studies. The purpose of this study was to examine the PAD complicating T2DM, in particular the influence of PAD on the risk of CAD.Methods: Randomly selected 100 T2DM patients presented to Guru Nanak Dev hospital were included. In addition to a detailed history and physical examination, anthropometric parameters like body mass index was measured. CAD in patients was diagnosed by a history of angina, ECG changes, any past history of CAD or any treatment taken for CAD. Ankle brachial index (ABI) was measured. Data was collected systematically and analyzed according to the standard statistical methods.Results: The prevalence of PAD was 15%. CAD was present in 31%. PAD was found to be significantly correlated with age, duration of diabetes, smoking, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, prevalence of BMI >25 kg/m2, HbA1c and serum HDL ≤40 mg%. Old age, high HbA1c level, and dyslipidaemia were found to be significant independent predictors of CAD.Conclusions: Using ABI authors found evidence of PAD in 15% patients of T2DM. The prevalence of CAD was higher in patients with PAD. So, there is definite and strong correlation between PAD and CAD. Thus, the early diagnosis of PAD should alert the clinician to a high probability of underlying CAD.

scholarly journals Self-Care Management Behavior of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Indonesian Diabetes Association (Persadia) Depok City

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasya Setyamarta ◽  
Denissa Faradita Aryani
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Foot Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Care Behavior

<p class="AbstractContent"><strong>Objective:</strong> Type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 diabetes) is a chronic disease that requires long-term management throughout the life to prevent acute and chronic complications. Self-care is a fundamental and integral part of diabetes management. Social support obtained from family, health professionals, friends, or diabetic peers may predict good self-care behavior. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the self-care behavior of adult with type 2 DM in Persadia Depok.</p><p class="AbstractContent"><strong>Methods: </strong>This quantitative study used a cross-sectional design. A consecutive sample of 52 subjects with type 2 DM who joined in Persadia Depok was included. The instrument used to measure self-care behavior is The Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities questionnaire</p><p class="AbstractContent"><strong>Results:</strong> The results showed that self-care behavior of participants in the last seven days is 4,4 days (Median 4.4, Minimal-Maximum 2.6-5.4, 95% CI 4.1-4.5). Self-care was described as “good” in only half of the participant (50%). Self-care behavior was reported good in diet, physical exercise, and taking medication, but it was poor in self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) and foot care.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study recommended that nurses should enhance education and support to improve patient self-care behaviors especially SMBG and foot care.</p><p class="AbstractContent"><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>Colon cancer, deep breathing, early mobilization, effective coughing, preoperative education.</p>

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN ANTARA PENYAKIT ARTERI PERIFER DENGAN FAKTOR RISIKO KARDIOVASKULAR PADA PASIEN DM TIPE 2

e-CliniC ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Simatupang ◽  
Karel Pandelaki ◽  
Agens L. Panda
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Pressures

Abtract: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is one of the complications that occurs in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus due to the process of atherosclerosis. Age, hypertension, obesity, LDL cholesterol, and smoking are the cardiovascular risk factors that can be found in diabetes patients. Ankle brachial index (ABI) is a simple way to confirm the diagnosis of PAD. This study used a cross sectional design. The subjects numbered 100 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were examined in the Metabolic Endocrine Clinic of Prof. Dr. R.D Kandou Hospital. Data of variables were based on the patients’ medical records, interviews about smoking, and blood pressures measured on ​​legs and arms in a supine position. A Chi-square test showed that there was a correlation between blood pressure and ABI values ​​(P = 0.049). Moreover, there was no correlation between risk factors of age (P = 0.144), obesity (P = 0.488), LDL cholesterol (P = 0.197), and smoking (P = 0.512) with ABI values. Multivariate analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between blood pressures and ABI values ​​(P = 0.037). Conclusion: From all the examined cardiovascular risks, the most correlated with the incidence of PAD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was blood pressure. Keywords: cardiovascular risk factors, PAD, type 2 diabetes mellitus Abstrak: Penyakit Arteri Perifer (PAP) merupakan salah satu komplikasi yang terjadi pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 (DMT2) akibat proses aterosklerosis. Usia, hipertensi, obesitas, kadar kolesterol LDL dan merokok merupakan faktor risiko kardiovaskular yang dapat ditemukan pada pasien diabetes. Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) merupakan cara sederhana untuk mendiagnosis PAP. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional. Subjek dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 100 pasien DMT2 yang melakukan pemeriksaan di Poliklinik Endokrin Metabolik RSUP Prof.Dr.R.D. Kandou Manado. Pengukuran variabel berdasarkan pada catatan rekam medik pasien, anamnesis riwayat merokok, dan pengukuran nilai tekanan darah kaki maupun tangan dalam posisi berbaring. Uji chi-square menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan bermakna antara tekanan darah dan nilai ABI (P = 0,049), sedangkan faktor risiko usia (P = 0,144), obesitas (P = 0,488), kolesterol LDL (P = 0,197) dan riwayat merokok (P = 0,512) tidak didapati adanya hubungan. Analisis multivariat, menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang sangat bermakna antara tekanan darah dengan nilai ABI (P = 0,037). Simpulan: Dari semua faktor risiko kardiovaskular yang di teliti, tekanan darah yang paling berhubungan dengan kejadian PAP pada pasien DMT2. Kata kunci: DMT2, faktor risiko kardiovaskular, PAP

scholarly journals Support Factors of Self Foot Care for Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Jurnal NERS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 316
Author(s):  
Rohmatul Faizah ◽  
Gabriel Wanda Sinawang ◽  
Andrik Hermanto ◽  
Mohamad Roni Alfatih
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Foot Ulcers ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcers ◽  
Foot Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Behavior

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease of the endocrine system that has numerous complications such as diabetic foot ulcers. Amputation is the last frontier for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers but they can be prevented through proper self-foot-care behavior. The aim of this study was to explain the support factors of self foot care for diabetes mellitus patients.Methods: The methods used were self-foot-care identification in the literature, with the relevant literature identification based on the topics and titles obtained from Scopus, ScienceDirect and ProQuest. This was as well as analysis of the results from examining the various behaviors that support self-foot-care behavior in the literature. The references included was the research conducted from 2013 - 2019 as follows: 2 descriptive correlation studies, 3 descriptive studies, 2 prospective studies, 1 prospective cohort study, 1 pre-experimental study, 3 quasi-experimental studies, 1 case study and 3 cross-sectional studies.Results: All of the journals included discussed foot care behavior. Education programs regarding foot care are a major factor that supports foot care behavior.Conclusion: All of the journals that were obtained stated that there was a positive influence on the diabetic foot condition where routine foot care behavior was implemented. Self-foot-care behavior also requires other supporting factors to obtain the maximum results.

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