scholarly journals Management and post operative complication of acute intestinal obstruction

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 248
Author(s):  
Pradeep Tenginkai ◽  
Parthiban Nagaraj ◽  
Santosh Nayak K
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Acute Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
General Surgeons ◽  
Obstructed Hernia ◽  
Adhesive Obstruction ◽  
Symptoms And Signs ◽  
Selection Of

Background: Intestinal obstruction remains one of the most common intra-abdominal problems faced by general surgeons in their practice. Its early recognition and aggressive treatment in patients of all ages, including neonates, can prevent irreversible ischemia and transmural necrosis, thereby decreasing mortality and long-term morbidity. Objective of the study was to study the etiological factors, various modes of clinical presentation and management of intestinal obstruction.Methods: Study was conducted by selection of consecutive 50 cases presenting with symptoms and signs suggestive of acute intestinal obstruction from Chigateri General Hospital and Bapuji Hospital attached to J.J.M.Medical College, Davangere during the period from June 2009 to May 2011.Results: In our series, the maximum incidence is in the age group of 41-50 years. The occurrence of acute intestinal obstruction was common in male compared to female. Small bowel obstruction is more common. The commonest presenting symptom was abdominal pain followed by vomiting, distention of abdomen and absolute constipation. Adhesive obstruction (56%) was the commonest cause of acute intestinal obstruction, followed by Obstructed Hernia (18%), Malignancy (6%), Volvulus (4%), Intussusceptions (6%) and TB stricture (6%). Release of adhesions and bands was done in 22 cases. Resection and end-to-end anastomosis was done in 16 cases, which included cases of intussusception, adhesions, stricture, Ileo-caecal growth, colonic growth.Conclusions: Most common etiological factor for intestinal obstruction is postoperative adhesions. Release of adhesions and bands was the most common surgery done.

scholarly journals A clinical study of surgical management of acute intestinal obstruction

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 3342
Author(s):  
Gayathri V. ◽  
Praveen Mali ◽  
Harindranath H. R.
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Bowel Obstruction ◽  
Acute Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Emergency Laparotomy ◽  
Hernia Surgery ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
General Surgeons ◽  
Mechanical Bowel Obstruction ◽  
The Common ◽  
Obstructed Hernia

Background: Mechanical bowel obstruction remains one of the most common intra-abdominal problems faced by general surgeons in their practice and continues to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality.Methods: This retrospective study was carried out on data obtained from 50 patients who underwent emergency laparotomy for acute intestinal obstruction in Victoria and Bowring and Lady Curzon Hospital from January 2016 to December 2016.Results: Adhesions (26%) were found to be the most common cause followed by obstructed hernia (22%). The common age group was 51-60 years. The commonest symptom was abdominal pain followed by vomiting and constipation. The average duration of presentation was 2 days. Strangulation was found in 20% of cases. Mortality rate in the study was 16%.Conclusions: In conclusion, we have found that adhesions are becoming an ever-increasing underlying cause of bowel obstruction. A trend of elective hernia surgery has reduced the number of patients of hernias presenting with obstruction of bowel.

scholarly journals THE PATTERN OF ACUTE INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION: A HOSPITAL BASED. STUDY..

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Sunil Kumar Patanaik ◽  
Chaitali Pattanayak*
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Operative Management ◽  
Acute Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Common Procedure ◽  
Therapeutic Modalities ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Obstructed Hernia ◽  
Subacute Intestinal Obstruction

BACKGROUND: Intestinal obstruction is a surgical emergency that causes confusion both in the diagnosis and the management. It is related by important disease and mortality. The goal of this study was to classify the etiology, to analyse the methods of performance of acute duodenal obstruction in different age groups, various therapeutic modalities of treatment, to accomplish operative management, anticipate the post-operative complications and outcomes of patients with acute intestinal obstruction. MATERIAL& METHODS: 82 patients of all age groups (except infants) presenting with acute intestinal obstruction were studied between June 2017 and December 2018 in a multispeciality hospital in Eastern India. Patients with history of subacute intestinal obstruction and paralytic ileus were excluded from this study. RESULTS: Males were found to be affected much more than females. Pain abdomen was the most common symptom found in 94% cases followed by distension and vomiting in 86.6% and 68.3% cases respectively. Most common etiology of intestinal obstruction was due to adhesion and bands (40.3%) followed by obstructed hernia (22%) and malignancy (17%). The most common procedure done in intestinal obstruction in present study was release of adhesions and bands (37.8%) followed by resection and anastomosis (26.8%). CONCLUSION: Bowel obstruction continues to be one of the most common abdominal problems faced by general surgeons. Success in the treatment of intestinal obstruction depends largely upon early diagnosis, skilful management and treating the pathological effects of the obstruction just as much as the cause itself.

scholarly journals Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity following Peribulbar Block: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-68
Author(s):  
Abdul Nasser ◽  
Faheem Raja
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Local Anesthetic ◽  
Lipid Emulsion ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Systemic Toxicity ◽  
Peribulbar Block ◽  
Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity ◽  
Symptoms And Signs

ABSTRACT Cataract surgery is performed routinely under regional orbital blocks including retrobulbar and peribulbar blocks. Several complications have been reported while performing these blocks, the most significant of which is the local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST). The symptoms and signs present in a varied spectrum, but every such case requires early recognition and immediate resuscitation to avoid long-term morbidity and even death. Lipid emulsion therapy forms the mainstay of treatment. We present a case of a 49-year-old man who planned to undergo cataract surgery under the peribulbar block, who developed LAST and was successfully treated with 20% lipid emulsion without any adverse sequelae. How to cite this article Nasser A, Raja F. Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity following Peribulbar Block: A Case Report. J Med Acad 2020;3(2):67–68.

scholarly journals Proportion of colonic carcinoma in cases presenting with acute intestinal obstruction: a cross sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Pauly T. Joseph ◽  
Rajiv Sajan Thomas ◽  
Sutharjivel V.
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Colonic Neoplasms ◽  
Acute Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Colonic Carcinoma ◽  
General Surgeon ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Obstructed Hernia

Background: Acute intestinal obstruction is one of the most common emergencies encountered by the general surgeon in routine practice. Although historically, obstructed hernia has been the most common cause, recent studies have shown that adhesive intestinal obstruction is now the commonest reason. Malignant bowel obstruction is also on the rise especially with the change in dietary habits. This study aims at identifying the proportion of colonic carcinoma in cases presenting with acute intestinal obstruction.Methods: The patients with acute intestinal obstruction which was diagnosed clinically and radiologically were studied. Based on operative and clinical findings along with investigation results, the etiology was identified. The patients having colonic neoplasms were identified and the data was compared with other etiological factors to find out the proportion of colonic carcinoma in the cases.Results: The proportion of colon cancer in patients presenting with acute intestinal obstruction was around 15%. The most common cause was obstructed hernia followed by post-operative adhesions. Males were more commonly affected than females. Most of the cases underwent operative management. The most common age group affected was around 50-60 years.Conclusions: This study confirms that there is a definite rise in the number of cases of colon cancer presenting as acute intestinal obstruction. There is also a skewing of the age at presentation towards younger age groups. Small bowel obstructions were much more common mainly due to adhesions and obstructed herniae.  

Electrolyte Disturbances

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark N. Rubin ◽  
Alejandro A. Rabinstein
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Electrolyte Disturbances ◽  
Neurologic Impairment ◽  
Neurologic Sequelae ◽  
Systemic Disorder ◽  
Symptoms And Signs

The neurological manifestations of abnormal electrolyte concentrations and acid-base disturbances can be multiple and often nonspecific. They are typically determined by the acuity and severity of the derangement. Detailed history and physical examination may guide appropriate laboratory testing and lead to prompt and accurate diagnosis. Neurological symptoms and signs are typically reversible if the underlying systemic disorder is detected and treated early. However, severe long-term neurologic sequelae can occur if treatment is delayed. The focus of this chapter is to detail the scientific fundamentals, clinical presentation, laboratory testing, and management of the various electrolyte and acid-base disorders associated with neurologic impairment.

scholarly journals Antiretroviral therapy for adults infected with HIV: Guidelines for health care professionals from the Quebec HIV care committee

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Rouleau ◽  
Claude Fortin ◽  
Benoît Trottier ◽  
Richard Lalonde ◽  
Normand Lapointe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Viral Replication ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Treatment Interruption ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Hiv Care ◽  
Treatment History ◽  
Selection Of

The appropriate use of antiretrovirals reduces morbidity and mortality caused by HIV infection. The present article provides health care professionals with a practical guide for the use of antiretrovirals. Therapy should be initiated based predominantly on clinical presentation and CD4 count, and should consist of three active drugs or at least two active drugs when this is not possible, as in cases of some treatment-experienced patients. This is the most effective way to achieve long-term suppression of viral replication. Selection of individual drugs in the regimen should consider the weight of the evidence supporting these choices, as well as their tolerability profiles and ease of use, the patients’ comorbidities and treatment history. Treatment interruption is not recommended, either in aviremic patients or in those who have experienced virological failure. Instead, the therapeutic regimen should be adjusted to minimize side effects, promote adherence and suppress viral replication.

scholarly journals Atypical Clinical Presentation of Isolated Extraocular Muscle Sarcoid

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wing Lung Alvin So ◽  
Thomas G. Hardy ◽  
Penelope McKelvie
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Extraocular Muscle ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Atypical Features ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Atypical Clinical Presentation ◽  
Symptoms And Signs

A case of painless isolated extraocular muscle sarcoid and a literature review are presented. The atypical features in our case include a lack of overt inflammatory symptoms and signs, such as pain, ptosis, and diplopia. The presentation of minimal symptoms without improvement warrant a biopsy to establish the diagnosis and to administer appropriate treatment in order to prevent potential long-term complications from sarcoidosis.

scholarly journals Clinical case for diagnosis of textiloma in gastrointestinal tract

2019 ◽  
pp. 62-65
Author(s):  
A. V. Sergeev ◽  
A. N. Katrich
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Ultrasonic Method ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Acute Intestinal Obstruction

In the described clinical case we presented features of a clinical presentation, difficulties of textiloma diagnosis which resulted in acute intestinal obstruction in several years after surgery. The high diagnostic value of an ultrasonic method in diagnostics of foreign bodies was shown.

Viral arthritis

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley J. Naides
Keyword(s):  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Host Response ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Joint Involvement ◽  
Host Interactions ◽  
Symptoms And Signs ◽  
Selection Of

Viral infection may cause sudden onset polyarthralgia or polyarthritis. Recognizing viral syndromes during the acute phase of illness is critical as markers of acute infection may fade during convalescence. While joint symptoms and signs in many cases are self limited, in others joint involvement may persist for months to years. Acute and chronic findings may resemble classic idiopathic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus. Some viral infections may manifest with rash, vasculitis, or organ involvement. Understanding of epidemiology, geography, clinical presentation, virus behaviour and host response assists diagnosis and selection of appropriate management. Understanding virus-host interactions may offer insights into mechanisms of pathogenesis in idiopathic rheumatic diseases.

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