scholarly journals Anal membrane: varied presentations

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1634
Author(s):  
Syamantak Basu ◽  
Apoorva Makan ◽  
Akriti Tulsian ◽  
Vini Joseph ◽  
Suraj Gandhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anal Canal ◽  
Chronic Constipation ◽  
Anorectal Malformation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Anorectal Malformations ◽  
International Classification ◽  
Normal Position ◽  
Rectal Examination ◽  
Operative Outcome ◽  
Newborn Girl

An anal membrane is categorized as a low anorectal malformation and is noted under rare malformations in the International classification. It is very rare and may present variedly in different age groups and only a handful of cases have been ever described. It is one of the few anorectal malformations in which the anal canal is at a normal position, thus concealing itself from an attendant who is not suspicious. We present two cases of anal membrane. A newborn girl presenting at birth was treated by primary excision of the membranes. The second case was a 2 year boy with chronic constipation with an obstructive web of a persistent ruptured anal membrane. Both were short procedures with almost no morbidity. Both the cases would have been diagnosed earlier if the primary attendant had done a rectal examination. There was good post-operative outcome in terms of continence and constipation in both the cases. Neither of them needed any anal dilatations. Anal membrane is a rare low anorectal malformation which needs keen suspicion for diagnosis. It is easy to miss it if the attendant omits a rectal examination. Therefore, it is imperative to do a rectal examination of all neonates with non-passage of meconium and as well as children with chronic constipation.

scholarly journals A Terminal Colovesical Fistula in an Anorectal Malformation

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 2333794X2095332
Author(s):  
Jayalaxmi Shripati Aihole
Keyword(s):  
Anal Canal ◽  
Anorectal Malformation ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Anorectal Malformations ◽  
Colovesical Fistula ◽  
Surgical Practice ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Congenital Pouch Colon ◽  
Pouch Colon

Anorectal malformations are relatively common anomalies encountered in pediatric surgical practice. They are usually recognized at birth with absent anal canal or failure to pass meconium and hence can lead to life threatening bowel obstruction without surgical intervention. We are reporting a rare case of non-syndromic, sporadic, terminal colovesical fistula associated with high anorectal malformation not associated with congenital pouch colon in a neonate.

scholarly journals Sulco Perineal: Uma Anomalia Congénita Rara

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Barbosa ◽  
Nuno Alves ◽  
Natacha Fontes
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Physical Examination ◽  
Anorectal Malformation ◽  
Newborn Girl

Perineal groove is a rare congenital anorectal malformation, with incidence yet undetermined. It is almost exclusive to the female newborn and its embryogenic origin remains uncertain. We present a case-report of a newborn girl that was discharged from the nursery without complications. At her first appointment at primary care we noted a wet sulcus connecting the posterior vaginal commissure and the anus. This case report emphasizes the rarity of the perineal groove and the importance of a good quality history and physical examination at primary care.

Chronic Constipation Due to Congenital Stenosis of the Anal Canal

1928 ◽  
Vol 199 (12) ◽  
pp. 552-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. CHITTENDEN HILL ◽  
E. PARKER HAYDEN
Keyword(s):  
Anal Canal ◽  
Chronic Constipation

ULTRASOUND DIAGNOSTICS OF CHRONIC CONSTIPATION IN CHILDREN: RESULTS OF A CLINICAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 59-65
Author(s):  
L.N. Tsvetkova ◽  
◽  
M.M. Kolisnichenko ◽  
O.A. Goryacheva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Anal Sphincter ◽  
Chronic Constipation ◽  
Diagnostic Method ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Ultrasound Diagnostics ◽  
Sphincter Insufficiency

Chronic constipation (CC) is an important medical and social problem, as it can lead to the development of complications, fecal intoxication, social disadaptation and self-isolation of a child, as well as significantly reduce the quality of life. The article presents the results of a clinical study of CC in children using a new diagnostic method - transabdominal and transperianal ultrasound examination (US) of the colon and anorectal zone. The objective of the study was to analyze the course of CC in children depending on the mechanism of its formation according to US of the colon and anorectal zone. Materials and methods of research: the prospective cohort study included 470 children with an established diagnosis of CC at the age of 1 month to 17 years old. The patients were divided into 3 age groups: 1 month. – 3 years (n=166), 4–10 years (n=102), 11–17 years (n=202). The median follow-up was 48 months. The age distribution of children with CC was carried out on the basis of the frequency of visits, against the background of the beginning of attending kindergarten and/or elementary school groups, and the emergence of psychological problems due to the difficulty of going to a public toilet. An evaluation of analysis of the dynamics of US changes in the colon and anorectal zone was carried out by the method of ultrasound diagnosis of Hirschsprung's disease in children (patent № 2547614, authors M.I. Pykov, M.M. Kolisnichenko, I.V. Poddubny). Results: in children aged 1 month to 3 years, 66.9% of cases are statistically significantly dominated by proctogenic constipation type of constipation with US signs of anus spasm and anal sphincter insufficiency. In children aged 4 to 10 years, the mixed mechanism of CC formation prevails (41.1%), and in patients aged 11 to 17 years – cologenic (77.7%), for which the most typical ultrasound signs are dolichocolon (22.8%), anus spasm (8.7%), anal sphincter insufficiency (4.7%). It has been established that despite adequate therapy, the number of patients with the above-described mechanisms of formation of CC increases, which indicates the recurrence and progression of pathological process in children of different age groups. Conclusion: the proposed diagnostic method – transabdominal and transperianal US of the colon and anorectal zone is a highly informative, pathogenetically substantiated method for examining the state of the colon and anorectal zone in children with CC, built on precise objective criteria that are available at any age.

scholarly journals Severe Postoperative Chronic Constipation Related to Anorectal Malformation Managed with Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 220-225
Author(s):  
Luca Vismara ◽  
Vincenzo Cozzolino ◽  
Luca Guglielmo Pradotto ◽  
Riccardo Gentile ◽  
Andrea Gianmaria Tarantino
Keyword(s):  
Pelvic Floor ◽  
Chronic Constipation ◽  
Anorectal Malformation ◽  
Bowel Movement ◽  
Functional Constipation ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment ◽  
Severe Constipation ◽  
Bowel Movements ◽  
Functional Alteration

Constipation is frequent amongst infants who have undergone surgery for anorectal malformation (ARM). Faecal retention, due to a dysfunctional enteric reflex of defaecation, can cause abdominal cramps, pseudoincontinence and, in the worst cases, megacolon. Prokinetic protocols are used to stimulate at least 1 bowel movement per day, including laxatives, enema, stools softeners and dietary schedules. While osteopathic manipulative treatment is adopted in adults for functional constipation, it has not been described for infants. Herein, we report the case of an infant undergoing anorectoplasty for a low ARM who was referred to the osteopath 2 years after the onset of severe constipation associated with pseudoincontinence and abdominal cramps and was refractory to the prokinetic protocol. In a child with a good ARM prognosis, autonomous daily bowel movements should be achieved. In this child, the imbalanced tension of the pelvic floor and immaturity of the parasympathetic plexus led to a functional alteration of the defaecation reflex. After adjunction of osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) to the therapeutic panel, the constipation showed gradual remission, with acquisition of autonomous defaecation 4 months after the therapy began. This suggests the importance of investigating the efficacy of OMT inclusion in the postsurgical prokinetic protocols for ARM patients with a good prognosis.

Evolving prevalence and incidence trends of SCC of the anal canal: A SEER study.

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 583-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunqing Zhang ◽  
Thomas A. DiPetrillo ◽  
Kara Lynne Leonard
Keyword(s):  
Anal Canal ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Black Population ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
Indian American ◽  
Race Ethnicity

583 Background: The incidence of squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal (SCCA) has been rising in the last three decades. With changing patient demographics and behaviors, the trends in prevalence and incidence of the disease have changed in recent years. Methods: The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data set from 2000 to 2014 was analyzed for trends in prevalence and incidence of SCCA and for associated demographic and tumor characteristics including stage (localized vs. regional vs. distant disease), age (20-34, 35-49, 50-64, > 65 years), and race/ethnicity (White, Black, American Indian/American Natives (AI/AN), American Pacific Islanders (API)). Results: 16,540 patients with SCCA were identified in the SEER database within the study period. The prevalence rate of SCCA was 0.01% (of 2000 standard U.S population), and the age-adjusted incidence rate of SCCA was 1.3/100,000. Prevalence and incidence was highest in patients age 50-64 and in the black population. Trend analysis of incidence demonstrated that while incidence rate continued to increase from 2000 to 2014, the average annual percentage change (APC) of incidence decreased from 4.80 before 2009 to 1.44 after. Patient population was divided into two groups: 2000-2008, with incidence of 1.6/100,000 and 2009-2014, with incidence of 2.1/100,000 (RR = 1.29, 95%CI = 1.25-1.33, p < 0.001). Incidence in the 2009-2014 group increased compared to the 2000-2008 group among all staged SCCA, patients 50 years of age and older (RR = 1.41, p < 0.001 and RR = 1.37, p < 0.001 for age groups 50-64 and > 65, respectively), and black (RR = 1.33, p < 0.001) and white (RR = 1.32, p < 0.001) race/ethnicity groups. APC in the 2009-2014 group decreased in all staged SCCA, increased in patients age 20-34, and decreased in all racial groups except AI/AN. Conclusions: There is a higher incidence and prevalence of SCCA in patients 50 years or older and in those of black ethnicity. Incidence of SCCA has increased in the US from 2000-2014, but the average APC in incidence has been decreasing except for in young patients and in those of AI/AN ethnicity. Awareness of disease prevalence and the pattern of change in incidence rate is important in the effort of disease prevention.

Pathophysiology of Chronic Constipation in Anorectal Malformations - Long-Term Results and Preliminary Anatomical Investigations -

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 305-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Holschneider ◽  
J. Koebke ◽  
W. Meier-Ruge ◽  
N. Land ◽  
N. K. Jesch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Constipation ◽  
Anorectal Malformations ◽  
Long Term Results

scholarly journals Currarino syndrome or Hirschsprung disease: how to prevent diagnostic dilemma in chronic constipation

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Mokarram Ali ◽  
Ram Jeewan Singh ◽  
Rashi Rashi ◽  
Amit Kumar ◽  
Amit Kumar Sinha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Constipation ◽  
Digital Rectal Examination ◽  
Hirschsprung Disease ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pediatric Age ◽  
Diagnostic Dilemma ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Currarino Syndrome ◽  
Rectal Examination ◽  
Pediatric Age Group

Abstract Background Currarino syndrome is a rare congenital malformation having autosomal dominant inheritance. It comprises of anorectal malformation, presacral mass, and sacral vertebral defect occurring in variable proportion. The most common presentation is chronic constipation which is usually due to compression of rectum by anterior sacral mass. If clinical examination is not properly done and digital rectal examination is excluded from the examination, it can be misdiagnosed as other common cause of constipation like Hirschsprung disease. Case presentation We are reporting one such case of one-and-half-year-old female child with chronic constipation which was initially managed as Hirschsprung disease, but later on, after a repeat clinical examination with digital rectal examination, it was evaluated on the line of Currarino syndrome. The diagnosis was confirmed by contrast-enhanced computed tomography of abdomen with 3 dimensional reconstruction. It was then managed by posterior sagittal approach with excision of mass and anorectoplasty. Conclusion A proper protocol for clinical evaluation of patient with constipation prevents diagnostic dilemma between surgical causes of constipation in pediatric age group. Digital rectal examination must be included in the protocol for evaluation of chronic constipation. In pediatric age group, clinical workup should be done with keeping in mind the rare diagnosis of Currarino syndrome along with common cause of constipation like Hirschsprung disease.

scholarly journals The analysis of continence after posterosagital anorectoplasty in anorectal malformation patients in Wahidin Sudirohusodo hospital of Makassar

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 2022
Author(s):  
Alwi Lawile ◽  
Farid Nur Mantu ◽  
Nita Mariana ◽  
Arifin Seweng
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Anorectal Malformation ◽  
Anorectal Malformations ◽  
Posterior Sagittal Anorectoplasty ◽  
Perineal Fistula ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
The One

Background: The management of anorectal malformations universally uses posterior sagittal anorectoplasty (PSARP) as standard surgery. The aim of this research was to determine continence in patients with anorectal malformation after PSARP action.Methods: This study was a descriptive analytical categorical research with cross sectional design. The data were obtained from patients’ medical records and questionnaire given to patients underwent PSARP in Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital and network hospitals from June 1 to December 1, 2018. The analysis was done to 60 children ranging from 5 to 8 years old. Most of them were male (56.7%) ranging from 5 to 6 years old (53.3%).Results: The results of the research indicated that based on malformation subtype, most of them suffered from rectourethra fistula (40.0%) with continence problem (61.7%). There was no significant correlation between sex and continence problem (p >0.05). However, it was seen that the percentage of continence subjects was higher in female (65.4%) than in male (58.8%), while the percentage of soiling and constipated subjects was higher in male than in female. Rectourethra fistula was found more frequently in male than in female (70.6%), while vestibuler fistula was found more frequently in female (69.2%). There was no significant correlation between age and defecation problem (p >0.05). However, the percentage of continence and soiling subjects was higher in 5-6 years children then the one for 7-8 year children, while the percentage of constipated subjects was higher in 7-8 year children (21.4%) than 5-8 year children (18.8%).Conclusions: Gender differences in the outcome of children with anorectal malformations must be considered. Men with perineal fistula were likely to experience continence and constipation than women with perineal fistulas. Women with perineal fistulas and vestibular fistulas had almost similar outcome.

scholarly journals Comparison of frequency of complications in loop versus divided colostomy in patients with high variety anorectal malformation

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Masood Shah ◽  
Nabi Bux Napar ◽  
Faryal Ilyas Jhammat ◽  
Hafiza Shehla Arshad ◽  
Mohammed Saleem
Keyword(s):  
Anorectal Malformation ◽  
Parastomal Hernia ◽  
Anorectal Malformations ◽  
Operational Definition ◽  
P Value ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Surgery Department ◽  
Stoma Prolapse ◽  
Sigmoid Colostomy

Background: The objective of this study was to compare frequency of stoma related complications of loop versus divided sigmoid colostomy for the management of high variety anorectal malformations. Methodology: This RCT was conducted in the department of Pediatrics Surgery Department of the Children’s Hospital and the Institute of Child Health Lahore, for the period of one year from 1st May 2016 to 1st June 2017. One hundred and twenty patients (Sixty patients in each group) of anorectal malformation meeting inclusion criteria were taken in this study. Patients were divided into two groups randomly using lottery method; loop sigmoid colostomy in Group-A and divided sigmoid colostomy in Group-B. After surgeries patients were followed weekly up till 8 weeks. Stoma related complications (as per operational definition) were noted. Results: The mean age in group –A and group-B were 3.34 ± 1.12 days and 3.36 ± 0.97 days, respectively. In group – A there were 52(86.67%) male and 8(13.33%) females, and in group-B there were 45(75%) male and 15(25%) female patients. In group-A 22(36.66%) patients had complications [3(5.00%) patients had retraction, 8(13.33%) had prolapse, 4(6.67%) had stoma obstruction, parastomal hernia were seen in 4(6.67%), stoma necrosis were seen in 3 (5.00%)] and in group-B, 16(26.66%) patients had different complications [1(1.67%) patients had retraction, 3(5.00%) had prolapse, 5(8.33%) had stoma obstruction, parastomal hernia were seen in 2(3.3%), stoma necrosis were seen 5(8.33%)]. The complications in group-A were higher when compared to group-B, but (p-value = 0.650) were not significant statistically except for stoma prolapse. Conclusion: Though complication rate in both techniques is not statistically different but frequency of stoma prolapse is more in loop colostomy group. Therefore, divide colostomy should be opted as preferred technique.

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