Evolving prevalence and incidence trends of SCC of the anal canal: A SEER study.

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 583-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunqing Zhang ◽  
Thomas A. DiPetrillo ◽  
Kara Lynne Leonard
Keyword(s):  
Anal Canal ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Black Population ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
Indian American ◽  
Race Ethnicity

583 Background: The incidence of squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal (SCCA) has been rising in the last three decades. With changing patient demographics and behaviors, the trends in prevalence and incidence of the disease have changed in recent years. Methods: The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data set from 2000 to 2014 was analyzed for trends in prevalence and incidence of SCCA and for associated demographic and tumor characteristics including stage (localized vs. regional vs. distant disease), age (20-34, 35-49, 50-64, > 65 years), and race/ethnicity (White, Black, American Indian/American Natives (AI/AN), American Pacific Islanders (API)). Results: 16,540 patients with SCCA were identified in the SEER database within the study period. The prevalence rate of SCCA was 0.01% (of 2000 standard U.S population), and the age-adjusted incidence rate of SCCA was 1.3/100,000. Prevalence and incidence was highest in patients age 50-64 and in the black population. Trend analysis of incidence demonstrated that while incidence rate continued to increase from 2000 to 2014, the average annual percentage change (APC) of incidence decreased from 4.80 before 2009 to 1.44 after. Patient population was divided into two groups: 2000-2008, with incidence of 1.6/100,000 and 2009-2014, with incidence of 2.1/100,000 (RR = 1.29, 95%CI = 1.25-1.33, p < 0.001). Incidence in the 2009-2014 group increased compared to the 2000-2008 group among all staged SCCA, patients 50 years of age and older (RR = 1.41, p < 0.001 and RR = 1.37, p < 0.001 for age groups 50-64 and > 65, respectively), and black (RR = 1.33, p < 0.001) and white (RR = 1.32, p < 0.001) race/ethnicity groups. APC in the 2009-2014 group decreased in all staged SCCA, increased in patients age 20-34, and decreased in all racial groups except AI/AN. Conclusions: There is a higher incidence and prevalence of SCCA in patients 50 years or older and in those of black ethnicity. Incidence of SCCA has increased in the US from 2000-2014, but the average APC in incidence has been decreasing except for in young patients and in those of AI/AN ethnicity. Awareness of disease prevalence and the pattern of change in incidence rate is important in the effort of disease prevention.

scholarly journals Sexually Dimorphic Faciometrics in Black Racial Groups From Early Adulthood to Late Middle Age

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 147470491881105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia M. Robertson ◽  
Barbara E. Kingsley
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Black Population ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Face Height ◽  
Racial Background ◽  
Full Face ◽  
Older Populations

An increasing body of research focusing on gender-related traits has utilized faciometrics in order to consider sexual dimorphism: Aspects as diverse as social heuristics, facial attractiveness, sexual orientation, aggression, and trustworthiness have all been investigated. However, the majority of these studies have tended to focus on White or Caucasian student populations and have paid little regard to either older populations or racial background. The current study therefore investigated sexual dimorphism in 450 participants (225 women) from a Black population across four age groups (20s, 30s, 40s, and 50s). In line with much previous research using White or Caucasian faces, the expected sexual dimorphism was seen in the younger age-group in three of the four indices (cheekbone prominence, facial width to lower facial height, and lower face height to full face height). However, consistent with more recent literature, the facial width to height ratio (fWHR) was not found to be significantly different between men and women in this age-group. Contrary to previous research, when considering broader age groups, the three established measures of facial sexual dimorphism, when looked at independently, remained static over time, but this was not true for fWHR. It is concluded that facial structure does not follow the same aging trajectory in all populations and care should be taken in choice of facial metric, depending on the nature of the sample under investigation.

Chronic myeloid leukemia incidence trends among Caucasians in the United States.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e17005-e17005
Author(s):  
Rakesh Mandal ◽  
Binay Kumar Shah
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
Caucasian Women ◽  
Adjusted Incidence

e17005 Background: Information on trend of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) incidence rate is scant. This study was conducted to evaluate the time trends of CML incidence rates among Caucasians in the U.S. Methods: We used the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program to extract annual age-adjusted incidence rates of CML from 1973-2008 for <60yr and >60yr age groups classified by gender. Trends of incidence rates were evaluated using the National Cancer Institute’s Joinpoint Regression Program (v 3.5.2). The maximum number of joinpoints used was 4. The annual percentage change (APC %) for the final selected joinpoint model for each cohort is shown in the table. Results: The annual age-adjusted CML incidence rates for 1973 vs. 2008 were 0.72/0.67, 5.67/4.47, 0.93/0.67, and 10.5/8.5 per 100,000 population for the 4 cohorts: women (<60yr, >60yr) and men (<60yr, >60yr), respectively. Among Caucasian women (>60yr), the incidence rate decreased significantly from 5.58/100,000 in 2001 to 4.47/100,000 in 2008 (APC= -3.08, CI -5.8 to -0.3, p = 0.004). The incidence trend from 1973-2001 was stable for this cohort (APC=0.1, CI -0.3 to 0.5). The incidence trends among women <60yr, men <60yr, and men >60yr were stable from 1973-2008. Conclusions: The annual age-adjusted incidence rates of chronic myeloid leukemia among older (>60 year) Caucasian women has declined sharply from 2001-2008. The rate change is unexplained. It may help generate hypotheses regarding risk factors for CML. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals Incidence and clinicopathological features of colorectal cancer among multi-ethnic patients in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: a hospital-based retrospective analysis over two decades

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12425
Author(s):  
Khairul Najmi Muhammad Nawawi ◽  
Norfilza M. Mokhtar ◽  
Zhiqin Wong ◽  
Zairul Azwan Mohd Azman ◽  
Deborah Chia Hsin Chew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Clinicopathological Features ◽  
World Health ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
The Mean

Background The incidence rate of colorectal cancer (CRC) in Asian countries is increasing. Furthermore, recent studies have shown a concerning rise in the incidence of CRC among younger patients aged less than 50 years. This study aimed to analyze the incidence trends and clinicopathological features in patients with early-onset CRC (EOCRC) and later-onset CRC (at age ≥ 50 years). Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 946 patients with CRC diagnosed from 1997 to 2017 at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre. The time trend was assessed by dividing the two decades into four 5-year periods. The mean age-standardized and age-specific incidence rates were calculated by using the 5-year cumulative population of Kuala Lumpur and World Health Organization standard population. The mean incidence was expressed per 100,000 person-years. Results After a stable (all age groups) CRC incidence rate during the first decade (3.00 per 100,000 and 3.85 per 100,000), it sharply increased to 6.12 per 100,000 in the 2008–2012 period before decreasing to 4.54 per 100,000 in the 2013–2017 period. The CRC incidence trend in later-onset CRC showed a decrease in the 2013–2017 period. Contrariwise, for age groups of 40–44 and 45–49 years, the trends showed an increase in the latter 15 years of the study period (40–44 years: 1.44 to 1.92 to 2.3 per 100,000; 45–49 years: 2.87 to 2.94 to 4.01 per 100,000). Malays’ EOCRC incidence rate increased from 2008–2012 to 2013–2017 for both the age groups 40–44 years (1.46 to 2.89 per 100,000) and 45–49 years (2.73 to 6.51 per 100,000). Nearly one-fifth of EOCRC cases were diagnosed at an advanced stage (Dukes D: 19.9%), and the majority of them had rectal cancer (72.8%). Conclusion The incidence of EOCRC increased over the period 1997–2017; the patients were predominantly Malays, diagnosed at a later stage, and with cancer commonly localized in the rectal region. All the relevant stakeholders need to work on the management and prevention of CRC in Malaysia.

Temporal Incidence Trends of Pediatric Venous Thromboembolism: A Population-Based Cohort Study

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (21) ◽  
pp. 1138-1138
Author(s):  
Christine A. Sabapathy ◽  
Susan R. Kahn ◽  
Robert W Platt ◽  
Vicky Tagalakis
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
Incident Cases ◽  
Temporal Incidence

Abstract Abstract 1138 Background: Pediatric venous thromboembolism (VTE), although rare, is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Published incidence rates in this age group vary from 0.07 to 0.49 VTE per 10 000 children/year and there is currently a paucity of studies evaluating temporal incidence trends. Objectives: To describe the age-adjusted incidence rates of pediatric VTE and its trend over time in a large pediatric cohort. Methods: A retrospective cohort of all children (ages 1–17 inclusive) with a first time diagnosis of VTE in the province of Quebec, Canada over an eleven-year period, from January 1st, 1994 to December 31st, 2004, was obtained from a comprehensive administrative hospital database (Med-Echo). Quebec census estimates were used to calculate age-standardized incidence rates (IR) of pediatric VTE. The incidence rate trend was then analyzed over the eleven-year study period using Poisson linear regression. Sex differences in incidence rates at the population level stratified by age group as a confounder as well as baseline characteristics of the cases were also evaluated. Results: In total, 487 incident cases of VTE in children 1–17 years of age were documented during the study period. Based on the estimated provincial census person-years during the study period, the age-standardized IR was 0.29 VTE per 10 000 person-years (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.26–0.31). Females overall had a statistically significant higher VTE incidence rate with an incidence rate ratio of 1.75 (95% CI 1.46–2.11) when controlled for age groups, as compared to males. When analyzed by age group, the age-standardized IRs were as follows: 1–5 year olds 0.04 VTE per 10 000 person-years (95% CI 0.03–0.05); 6–10 year olds 0.03 VTE per 10 000 person-years (95% CI 0.02–0.04); 11–14 year olds 0.06 VTE per 10 000 person-years (95% CI 0.05–0.07); 15–17 year olds 0.16 VTE per 10 000 person-years (95% CI 0.14–0.18). Trend analysis of the age-standardized IRs over the 11-year period showed no significant change in incidence rates whether using time as a continuous (yearly) or categorical variable (time-periods). Conclusions: Pediatric VTE is more frequent than previously described, however the rate is stable. As shown by others, children in their late-teen years have a higher risk of VTE than primary school-aged children. Unlike prior studies, females were more prone to VTE than males. Future studies that address sex differences in the incidence of pediatric VTE are needed to help determine effective primary thromboprophylaxis strategies in children at high risk for VTE. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Characteristics and survival among early onset and standard onset colorectal cancer by race.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 522-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Acuna Villaorduna ◽  
Sanjay Goel
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Screening Colonoscopy ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Early Onset Colorectal Cancer

522 Background: The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (EO) is increasing. Guidelines recommend to start screening colonoscopy at 45 yo in Non-Hispanic Black (NHB). We compare the clinical features and outcomes between EO and standard-onset (SO) colorectal cancer (CRC) among racial groups. Methods: Patients with CRC adenocarcinoma; available race/ethnicity and stage were identified using the SEER registry. Clinical features and 5 year-overall survival (OS) is described by racial and age groups. Results: 190 670 patients were identified. EO rates were higher for minorities than NHW. Median age at diagnosis in EO was 44 and was similar among racial groups; while it was 71 in SO, being lower among minorities compared to NHW (67 vs. 72 years, p < 0.01). Left-sided tumors accounted for 77.4% of tumors in EO while it was 60.8% in SO for minorities versus NHW. The most common CRC location for EO was the rectum and sigmoid colon for SO. EO was most commonly diagnosed as stage III. Surgery and radiation rates were higher for EO for all stages. OS was higher in all stages of EO compared to SO. Conclusions: EO frequency is higher in all minority groups and most commonly located in the rectum. Despite higher stage and grade, OS is higher for EO which might be due to higher treatment rates. Early screening should be extended to all minority groups. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals Changing Patterns of Anal Canal Carcinoma in the United States

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 1569-1575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca A. Nelson ◽  
Alexandra M. Levine ◽  
Leslie Bernstein ◽  
David D. Smith ◽  
Lily L. Lai
Keyword(s):  
Anal Canal ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Anal Carcinoma ◽  
The United States ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
Anal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Time Period

Purpose Persistent human papillomavirus infection is associated with squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal (SCCA). With changing sexual behaviors, SCCA incidence and patient demographics may also have changed in recent years. Methods The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results public-use data set from 1973 to 2009 was analyzed to determine incidence trends for and demographic factors characterizing SCCA. Joinpoint analyses identified time points when incidence rates changed. For comparison, similar analyses were conducted for anal adenocarcinoma. Results Joinpoint analyses identified 1997 as the single inflection point among 11,231 patients with SCCA, at which the slope of incidence rates statistically increased (1997 to 2009 v 1973 to 1996: risk ratio [RR], 2.2; 95% CI, 2.1 to 2.3). Annual percent change (APC) increased for all SCCA stages and was the greatest for anal carcinoma in situ (CIS; APC, 14.2; 95% CI, 10.2 to 18.4). Demographic changes characterizing later versus earlier time period included younger age at diagnosis and rising incidence rates in all stage, sex, and racial groups. During 1997 to 2009, women were less likely to present with CIS (RR, 0.3; 95% CI, 0.3 to 0.3) but more likely to present with localized (RR, 1.2; 95% CI, 1.1 to 1.3) and regional SCCA (RR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.4 to 1.7). In contrast, adenocarcinoma APCs among 1,791 patients remained stable during this time period. Conclusion CIS and SCCA incidence increased dramatically after 1997 for men and women, although men were more likely to be diagnosed with CIS. These changes likely resulted from available screening in men and argue for efforts to identify high-risk individuals who may benefit from screening.

scholarly journals A retrospective analysis of eye injuries in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

2012 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. N. Sukati ◽  
R. Hansraj
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Black Population ◽  
Eye Injuries ◽  
Solid Objects ◽  
Open Globe ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
Ocular Injuries ◽  
Injured Patients

Purpose:  To provide epidemiological data on ocular injuries among patients utilising two provincial hospital eye care clinics in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.Methods: Record cards of 440 ocular injured patients seen at two selected rural provincial hospitals over a period of four years were reviewed.Results: More males (68.9%) had eye injuries than females (31.1%). The Black population (97.7%) had a higher prevalence of ocular injuries than other race groups. Young patients between 21 and 30 years old incurred more ocular injuries (31.4%) than other age groups.  Open globe injuries were more frequent (56.1%) than closed globe injuries (43.9%). Blunt trauma/contusion (36.4%) was the most frequent type of injury (36.4%). Solid objects (53.4%) were responsible for more than half of the injuries followed by assaults (28.2%).  The majority of the eye injuries (54.5%) occurred at home. There was a reduction in visual acuity of 37.7% of the subjects following treatment.Conclusion: Ocular trauma is a relatively common health problem in rural KwaZulu-Natal and is significantly more common among the male and Black population.  (S Afr Optom 2012 71(4) 159-165)

The Incidence of Hospital-Treated Occupational Hand Injuries

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. SKOV
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Selection Bias ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Hand Injuries ◽  
Minor Injuries ◽  
Age And Sex

Previous studies have shown that young men have the highest frequency of occupational hand injuries. This study investigated their incidence and severity in relation to age and sex. For occupational hand injuries in general the estimated incidence rate was 17.1 per 1,000 person years. The incidence was found to be higher among men than women in all age groups below 60 years. The incidence for minor injuries declines with increasing age, but the rates for significant injuries are independent of age. The higher incidence rate for minor injuries among young patients could be real, but it could also be partly due to selection bias, if older patients with minor injuries consult the hospital for treatment less frequently.

scholarly journals Risk of venous thromboembolism in Asian patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a nationwide cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chan Mi Heo ◽  
Tae Jun Kim ◽  
Eun Ran Kim ◽  
Sung Noh Hong ◽  
Dong Kyung Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Bowel Surgery ◽  
Asian Patients

AbstractRoutine prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism (VTE) in Asian IBD patients has been controversial. We aimed to estimate the risk of VTE of Asian patients at different phases of IBD by incorporating patient-specific risk factors. In this cohort study, we analyzed the National Health Insurance claims data between 2012 and 2016 for the entire Korean population. We calculated incidence rates and hazard ratios for VTE. The overall VTE risk was higher in patients with IBD [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR), 2.06; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.66–2.55], than in controls. When we compare the risk of VTE by different disease phases, the risk of VTE was the highest during post-operation period after IBD-related bowel surgery (aHR, 39.7; 95% CI 9.87–159.3), followed by during hospitalized periods with flare (aHR, 27.2; 95% CI 14.9–49.65) and during hospitalized periods with non-flare (aHR, 16.23; 95% CI 10.71–24.58). The incidence rate (per 1000 person-years) was 15.26 during hospitalized periods with a flare and 9.83 during hospitalized periods with non-flare. According to age groups, the incidence rate (per 1000 person-years) during hospitalized periods with flare was 14.53 in young patients (20–39 years) and 34.58 in older patients (60–80 years). During hospitalized periods with non-flare, the incidence rate was 3.55 in young patients and 23.61 in older patients. The prophylaxis of VTE for Asian patients with IBD should be recommended in older patients admitted to hospital and be considered in young patients who are hospitalized with a flare.

Projected future risk of leukemia and brain tumors from unnecessary brain CT scans: a multi-center study in Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Asgari ◽  
A.A. Parach ◽  
F. Bouzarjomehri ◽  
F. Shirani-Takabi ◽  
A.H. Mehrparvar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Cancer ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Brain Ct ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Multi Center Study ◽  
Gender Groups ◽  
Probability Of Cancer

Introduction: Computer Tomography (CT) scans can deliver a relatively high radiation dose to the patient, therefore radiation protection for this modality is paramount. The present study determined the frequency of no abnormality detected (NAD) brain CT scans and probability of cancer induction in different age groups and genders. Methods: In this study, brain CT reports were used to identify any findings as abnormality detected (AD) and others as NAD. Then probability of future leukemia and brain cancer was estimated for different age and gender groups. Results: On average, in 65% of the cases the results were NAD (56% and 76% among males and females, respectively). Among children, 79% of the reports were NAD. The total number of projected brain cancers was 1.8 and 1.3 for males and females, respectively. The number of projected leukemia cases was 0.75 and 0.7 for males and females, respectively. For pediatric patients, brain CT scans can lead to leukemia cases about 4.5 times more often than adults. Conclusion: Brain CT scans can lead to additional cases of brain cancer and leukemia. A significant fraction of brain CTs were NAD (non-pathologic) and could practically be replaced by other radiation-free imaging modalities, especially in pediatric and young patients.

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