scholarly journals A study to evaluate the diagnostic value investigations in early diagnosis of septicemia in newborn

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 740
Author(s):  
S. V. S. Sreedhar ◽  
Mohammed Mujtaba Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Neonatal Septicemia ◽  
Maternal Risk ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Band Form ◽  
Healthy Infants ◽  
Mature Neutrophil ◽  
Lab Test

Background: The early diagnosis of neonatal septicemia still poses great difficulties. Early clinical symptomatology of neonatal septicemia is mimicked by a lot of other disorders affecting the newborn. To study the diagnostic value of the combination of CRP, absolute neutrophil count, band form count to the total neutrophil ratio in early diagnosis of neonatal septicemia.Methods: A total 75 babies who got admitted to Mahavir institute of medical sciences between October 2018 to September 2019 (12) months were included in the study medical college hospital in a newborn with age less than 3 days and with well-defined maternal risk factors or clinical evidence of sepsis are included in the study. In all neonates, the blood sample was collected from a peripheral vein with all aseptic precautions, before administration of any antibiotic therapy.Results: A total 20 preterm babies (62.5%) were affected by septicemia.12 full-term babies (37.5%) were affected by septicemia. The sensitivity of a lab test is defined as the proportion of infants with proven sepsis in whom the result is abnormal. Specificity is the proportion of healthy infants in whom the result is normal.Conclusions. When both CRP and band form to mature neutrophil counts were positive the sensitivity and the negative predictive value were high compared to other combinations of two.

scholarly journals Neonatal Out Come in High Risk Pregnancy

1970 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Akthar ◽  
S Sultana ◽  
AH Siddique
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
High Risk Pregnancy ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
High Risk Patients ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Risk Pregnancy ◽  
Risk Patients

A 12 months study was carried out on 226 pregnant high risk patients attending in Rajshahi Medical College Hospital from January 2008 to December 2008. The aim of the study was to identify various type of high risk pregnancies and to determine social and educational status as well as new born conditions of birth. Among the 226 recruited patients 69.5% came from rural area. Among the 69.5% rural high risk patients 63.69% were illiterate. Live born baby in this study was 95.13%. In our study neonatal out come was excellent. Excellent out come was attributed to early diagnosis of high risk pregnancy and suitable intervention both by Obstetrician and Paediatrician. DOI: 10.3329/taj.v22i1.5016 TAJ 2009; 22(1): 26-29

scholarly journals Pediatric appendicitis score in the diagnosis of childhood appendicitis: a validation study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 2196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kambalabettu Zohara Parveen ◽  
K. Shreedhara Avabratha ◽  
Kishan Shetty
Keyword(s):  
Biopsy Specimen ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Iliac Fossa ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Right Iliac Fossa Pain ◽  
Laboratory Investigations ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Appendicitis Score

Background: Pediatric appendicitis score (PAS) is a scoring system which includes symptoms, physical examination and laboratory tests in children suspected to have appendicitis. The objectives of this study were to analyze the diagnostic value of Paediatric Appendicitis Score and to aid early diagnosis of appendicitis.Methods: A prospective study was done in a Medical College hospital, in Mangalore in children aged between 4-16 years, admitted during study period June to December 2016, with right Iliac fossa pain, suspected to have appendicitis. Data from the children including demographic details, clinical features, laboratory investigations and ultrasound done were recorded in proformas after consent from parents. The PAS score was applied to them. If PAS was between 4-6, PAS scoring was repeated after 6 hours. Investigations done were noted. If child was taken up for surgery, histopathology report of the biopsy specimen was collected. The decision to operate or manage conservatively was taken up by the treating pediatric surgeon. PAS score was compared with ultrasound and biopsy report.Results: Sixty children were included in the study. Anorexia, emesis, migration pain, cough tenderness and leukocytosis were the features most consistently seen in appendicitis. Initial PAS were comparable to the repeat scores. Ultrasound showed presence of appendicitis in 88.3% of the children. Ultrasound showed appendicitis in all children with PAS ≥7. Twenty-six children out of 60 underwent surgery. Out of 20 children with PAS ≥7.15 (75%) were taken up for surgery and biopsy showed appendicitis. Biopsy was done in 26 children, of whom 58.1% had PAS ≥ 7. These findings were statistically significant. Conclusions: Paediatric appendicitis score is a valuable tool in diagnosing childhood appendicitis.

scholarly journals Accuracy of transvaginal sonography in evaluation of abnormal uterine bleeding in perimenopausal women

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Nicole Sequeira ◽  
Shannon Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Endometrial Thickness ◽  
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Transvaginal Sonography ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Endometrial Polyps ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Perimenopausal Women ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: AUB is a commonly encountered complaint in peri- and postmenopausal women visiting OBG OPDs and accounts for about 70% of all gynaecological complaints. Key to management depends on the cause of AUB. Protocol has changed over the years from performing investigations randomly to a condition specific approach. This study aims to evaluate and compare the efficacy of transvaginal sonography and hysteroscopy in perimenopausal women with AUB and note its relation with histopathology.Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 103 women of 40-55 years presenting to the OBG OPD of Father Muller Medical College Hospital, Mangalore. All patients underwent a transvaginal scan to note the endometrial thickness followed by a hysteroscopy and biopsy. Endometrium was sent for histopathology. Findings of these modalities were correlated.Results: The diagnostic value of transvaginal sonography in relation to histopathology had a sensitivity and specificity of 33.33% and 95.95% for atrophic endometrium, 52.5% and 62.9% for proliferative, 29.41% and 79.41% for secretory, and 55.55% and 74.19% for hyperplastic. When compared to histopathology, hysteroscopy had a sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 92.3% for atrophic, 26.19% and 96.96% for proliferative, 27.07% and 98.59% for secretory, and 100% and 64.94% for hyperplastic endometrium. It had a sensitivity of 77.77% and a specificity of 92.92% for endometrial polyps. Agreement between TVS and histopathology based on kappa co-efficient was fair for atrophic endometrium but poor for proliferative, secretory and hyperplastic endometrium. Agreement between hysteroscopy and histopathology was moderate for atrophic endometrium and for endometrial polyps. It was fair for proliferative, secretory and hyperplastic endometrium.Conclusions: TVS seems to be a good initial method for evaluation of AUB. However, a subsequent hysteroscopy with biopsy is advisable to evaluate the cause of AUB.

scholarly journals Neonatal Outcome in Meconium Stained Amniotic Fluid (MSAF): A Study in a Neonatal High Dependency Unit (NHDU) of a Medical College Hospital

Mediscope ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
MB Ali ◽  
AA Maruf ◽  
N Naher ◽  
S Islam
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Meconium Aspiration Syndrome ◽  
Maternal Risk Factors ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Maternal Risk ◽  
Medical College ◽  
High Dependency ◽  
Meconium Stained Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Ischemic Encephalopathy

Background: Meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) is a potential sign of fetal hypoxia as well as a potential toxin if the fetus aspirates with a gasping breath in utero or when it takes its first breaths following birth. Objective: To evaluate the outcome of neonates with meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF). Material and Methods: This prospective observational study was carried out in the department of pediatrics of Gazi medical college Hospital, Khulna during one calendar year from 01 July 2016 to 30 June 2017. Maternal risk factors for MSAF, modes of delivery of neonates were recorded. All neonates born with MSAF were included in this study: they were shifted to neonatal high dependency unit for observation and monitoring as per the pediatrician’s advice. Neonatal outcomes like birth asphyxia, neonatal jaundice, aspiration pneumonia, septicemia, meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS), hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and death were observed and recorded. Result: A total of 157 babies were included during the study period. Modes of delivery of babies were: normal delivery 86(54.78%), caesarean section 48(30.57%) and instrumental delivery 23(14.65%). Maternal risk factors were postdated pregnancy 51(32.48%), previous caesarian section 20(12.74%), pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) 20(12.74%), premature rupture of membranes 18(11.46%), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) 17(10.83%), intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) 14 (8.92%), cephalopelvic disproportion 9(5.73%) and anemia 8(5.10%). Outcome of babies were: 118(75.16%) babies were discharged without any complications, 10(6.37%) developed neonatal jaundice, 10(6.37%) meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS), 8(5.10%) birth asphyxia, 4(2.55%), aspiration pneumonia, 3(1.91%) hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), 2(1.27%) septicemia and 2(1.27%) baby died in early neonatal period. Mediscope Vol. 6, No. 2: Jul 2019, Page 65-71

Haematological Parameters in Early Diagnosis of Clinically Suspected Neonatal Septicemia

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-71
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Neonatal Septicemia ◽  
Mature Neutrophil ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Neonatal septicemia is a life-threatening yet treatable condition. It is one of the major health problems throughout the world. Blood culture is the gold standard for diagnosis of neonatal septicemia and should be performed in all cases of suspected septicemia prior to starting antibiotics. But in the present study, the use of the haematological parameters was evaluated to determine the early diagnosis of neonatal septicemia. It was carried out in the neonatal unit of Mandalay Children’s Hospital from September 2012 to August 2013. Out of 68 cases of clinically suspected neonatal septicemia, bacterial pathogens were isolated from 33 cases. Early onset neonatal septicemia was more common than late onset. Among 33 cases of culture-proven neonatal septicemia, septicemia is not likely in 1 case (3%) while borderline for septicemia and septicemia in 6 cases (18.2%) is very likely in 26 cases (78.8%) according to haematological scoring system (HSS). HSS assigns a score of one for each of seven haematological parameters. Out of the seven haematological parameters, immature to total neutrophil ratio (I:T) and immature to mature neutrophil ratio (I:M) were the most reliable test for the neonatal septicemia. Thrombocytopenia had low sensitivity. The haematolgical parameters are simple, quick, cost effective and readily available. The sensitivity, specificity and the predictive values of haematological parameters could be enhanced by combination of these parameters rather than the use of single parameter.

scholarly journals Jejunogastric Intussusception: A Case Report

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Hussain ◽  
A Rahman ◽  
MR Abedin ◽  
MA Habib
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Medical College Hospital ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Prompt Treatment ◽  
Jejunogastric Intussusception ◽  
Acute Form

Jejunogastric intussusception is an established complication following any type of gastroenterostomy. In its acute form it presents with abdominal pain and lump suggestive of obstruction. It is also a rare cause of haematemesis. Chronic and intermittent presentation has also been described. It is a surgical emergency in its acute form. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment is required to avoid mortality. We report here a case that had a history suggestive of recurrent symptoms and ultimately presented as an acute emergency in the emergency department of Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v30i1.11366   J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2012; 30: 44-47  

scholarly journals Clinical Presentation of Ovarian Tumour

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
MS Nawrozy ◽  
F Sultana ◽  
AHM Kamal ◽  
A Begum ◽  
SF Tasmin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Mucinous Cystadenoma ◽  
Ovarian Tumour ◽  
Serous Cystadenoma ◽  
Malignant Tumours ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Benign Tumours

Background: Clinical course of ovarian tumours are amazingly quite and the malignant ones are often inoperable by the time they are diagnosed. Aim of this study was to look into any probable way of early diagnosis of ovarian tumour.Methods: This study was carried out at the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology of Rangpur Medical College Hospital, Rangpur from July 2012 to June 2014. In this study, total 31 cases were included. The findings were described as percentage of total. In addition, χ2 test & Pearson’s correlation coefficient ‘r’ test were also used.Results: Age range of all the cases was between 16 and 65 years. Among the 31 cases, benign cases were 77.41% and malignant were 22.59%. The highest incidence of benign case was observed around 35 years of age and for the malignant cases was above 60 years. Patients commonly presented with abdominal lump (83.87%), abdominal pain (83.87%) and dyspepsia (74.19%). Other presentations were weight loss (22.58%), rapid enlargement of growth (16.13%), sense of heaviness of abdomen (9.67%) and abdominal enlargement (3.23%). Histologically serous cystadenoma was 38.71%, dermoid cyst 22.58%, mucinous cystadenoma 16.13%, poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma 12.90%, serous cyst adenocarcinoma 6.45% and immature teratoma was 3.23%.Conclusion: This sample is too small to draw any conclusion. Yet, as it was found, the incidence of benign tumours rises with increasing age up to 40 years and thereafter it declines. Whereas, the incidence of malignant tumours are very low before 40 years and thereafter it increases gradually. Also, public awareness may be developed regarding a female, specifically above 40 years of age, if complaints of abdominal lump, abdominal pain or dyspepsia should be evaluated properly; this may help in early diagnosis of many malignant ovarian tumours.TAJ 2015; 28(1): 21-25

scholarly journals Identification of Maternal Risk Factor with Preterm LBW Babies in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
MB Uddin ◽  
S Yasmin ◽  
M Sanaul Haque ◽  
A Hossain ◽  
KI Jahan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Maternal Risk ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Poor Nutritional Status ◽  
Health Related

This study was aimed to identify risk factors of preterm LBW babies by following a cross sectional type of comparative study. This study was conducted at inpatient department of paediatrics of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital from January 2009 to December 2010. A total 150 preterm babies were included in this study. The mothers of the babies were studied to identify some selected risk factors. Maternal poor nutritional status (p<.001), low age at conception (p<.003), poor antenatal care (p<.001) and low level of education (p<.002) were found significant socio-economic risk factors. Maternal health related conditions like Antepartum haemorrhage (p<.001), Premature rupture of the membrane (p<.001), toxemia of pregnancy (p<.005), anaemia (p<.002) all were found as the significant contributors of preterm birth. This study might help to reduce the incidence of mortality and morbidity of preterm infants by providing information regarding risk factors.TAJ 2011; 24(2): 95-100

scholarly journals Perforated Appendicitis with Appendicular Abscess

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-75
Author(s):  
Md Tahminur Rahman ◽  
Abdus Salam Arif ◽  
Md Abdul Wohab Khan ◽  
Mumtahina Setu ◽  
Md Imam Shafique ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Perforated Appendicitis ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Paediatric Department ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of

Most patients with acute appendicitis can be easily diagnosed, but there are many in whom the signs and symptoms are quite variable, and a firm clinical diagnosis is often very difficult to establish. Difficulties in the early diagnosis of appendicitis, particularly in children, often lead to life threatening complications, such as gangrene or perforation of the appendix. Here we report a case where a nine-year-old boy presented to the Paediatric Department at Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Hospital in Dhaka in April 2016 with a history of abdominal pain, vomiting & fever that began nine days before admission.Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 8, No. 1: Jan 2017, P 73-75

scholarly journals Types and Efficacy of Diagnostic Modalities of Ectopic Pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (47) ◽  
pp. 2767-2771
Author(s):  
Pavani Pinjala
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Transvaginal Sonography ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Ovarian Pregnancy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Bilateral Salpingectomy ◽  
Diagnostic Modalities

BACKGROUND Ectopic pregnancy is not only the gynaecologist’s most critical emergency but also one of the major problems because of its difficulties in diagnosis, increased risks of mortality, and its profound implications with regard to future reproductive performance. We wanted to study the types and accuracy of various diagnostic modalities, and effect of various management modalities of ectopic pregnancy. METHODS This study was conducted at Meenakshi Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Kanchipuram, for a period of 32 months from May 2010 to October 2012. During the same period, there were 2602 reported pregnancies. RESULTS The incidence of ectopic pregnancy in the study is 15.3 / 1000 reported pregnancies. The incidence of ectopic pregnancy in patients with prior abdominal surgery was 86.6 %. Only 77.5 % patients gave history of typical amenorrhea. 22.5 % patients gave history suggestive of atypical amenorrhoea. It was noted that 55 % cases presented as tubal rupture, 7.5 % as tubal abortion, 35 % cases presented with intact tubal pregnancy and 2.5 % cases presented as ovarian pregnancy. The choice of management in our study included ipsilateral partial salpingectomy in 27.5 %, ipsilateral total salpingectomy in 45 %, ipsilateral salpingectomy with contralateral salpingo-oophorectomy in 5 % and bilateral salpingectomy in 22.5 % of cases. CONCLUSIONS Combination of accurate history, meticulous physical examination, ’Pregcolor’ urinary assay, culdocentesis and ultra-sonography will lead to early diagnosis. Transvaginal sonography is the best method of diagnosis in cases of ectopic pregnancy presenting in earlier weeks of gestation.\ KEYWORDS Culdocentesis, Ultra Sonography, Transvaginal Sonography, Ectopic Pregnancy

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