scholarly journals A community based cross sectional study to assess the drinking water handling and management practices, sanitary practices at the household level in Sullia taluk, Karnataka

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1678
Author(s):  
Sharanya Kaniambady ◽  
Dinesh Peraje Vasu ◽  
Sandhya G ◽  
Annarao Gunderao Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Free Chlorine ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Water Handling ◽  
Handling Practices

Background: The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) - 7 aimed to reduce by half the proportion of population without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation by 2015. Without access to clean water and basic toilets, and without good hygiene practices, a child’s survival, growth and development are at risk. This study was conducted to assess the drinking water management and handling practices at household level of Sullia Taluk of Karnataka which would give an insight into drinking water management and handling practices in this area.  Also the present study is planned to determine the sanitary practices in the households of Sullia Taluk. Methods: 260 houses were sampled using a probability proportionate to sampling size . A cross sectional study was done using a semistructured questionnaire to assess water handling, water management and sanitary practices. Free chlorine in the water was assessed by O- Toluidine. Results: Main source of drinking water was protected dug well in 31.5% and 75.3% did not have any alternate source of drinking water. 92% of those who stored water in overhead tanks and sumps did not clean them within seven days. 14% of the households did not use any of the water treatment methods before drinking. There was no free chlorine in the water of any of the households . 4% did not wash their hands with soap post-defecation. 28% of the households threw their waste indiscriminately around their house. 92% had cattle in close proximity to their house. None of the households practiced open field defecation. Conclusions: Health education is very important to prevent the incidences of water and sanitation related diseases. Emphasis needs to be given to behavioural change communication to create awareness among the households regarding the importance of water and sanitation practices.

scholarly journals Water and sanitation hygiene practices among household members living in urban slum in Gwalior city: a cross sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1180
Author(s):  
Swati Sarswat ◽  
Satender Saraswat
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Madhya Pradesh ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Validated Questionnaire

Background: Population inhabit in urban slum of developing countries face sanitation, water supply and cleanliness related issues. We contemplated knowledge, attitudes and practices identified with drinking water and sanitation offices among urban slum populace of Gwalior city, Madhya Pradesh, India.Methods: It was a cross-sectional study comprising of individuals over 18 years of age residing at Muriya Pahar and Awadpura, Urban Slum, Gwalior (Madhya Pradesh) from September 2019 to December 2019. Total 120 individuals were interviewed using simple random sampling technique. Basic information about socio-demographic profile and existing drinking water and sanitation related knowledge, attitude, and practices was collected using a modified version of previously validated questionnaire and analysed.Results: Thirty five percent (35%) of the participants were following bleach/chlorine methods of water treatment while twenty five percent (25%) of the participants felt that water available to them was clean and did not require any additional treatment. Forty percent (40%) of the participants surveyed, did not have access to toilets inside their households.Conclusions: There is a requirement for mediation to instruct people about drinking water treatment techniques, sanitation, and hand washing rehearses.

scholarly journals Impact of Community-Led Total Sanitation and Hygiene on Prevalence of Diarrheal Disease and Associated Factors among Under-Five Children: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study in Selected Woredas of Gamo Gofa Zone, Southern Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Agune Ashole Alto ◽  
Wanzahun Godana ◽  
Genet Gedamu
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Gamo Gofa

Background. Diarrheal diseases are still one of the major causes of morbidity in under-five children in sub-Saharan Africa. In Ethiopia, diarrhea is responsible for 9% of all deaths and is the major cause of under-five mortality. Objective. To assess the impact of community-led total sanitation and hygiene on the prevalence of diarrheal disease and factors associated among under-five children in Gamo Gofa Zone. Methods. Community-based comparative cross-sectional study design was used to compare the impact of community-led total sanitation and hygiene intervention on under-five diarrheal disease. Multistage sampling method was employed. The data were collected by using pretested structured questionnaires. Data quality was ensured by daily supervision completeness and consistency. The data were coded, entered, and cleaned by using Epi Info version 7 and were analyzed by using SPSS version 20. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were carried out by using binary logistic regression. Significance was declared by using p value of <0.05 and AOR with 95% confidence intervals. Results. The response rate of this study was 93.3%. The overall diarrhea prevalence was 27.5% (CI = (24.06, 30.97)) which was 18.9% (CI = (14.94, 23.2)) in implemented and 36.2%. (CI = (30.41, 41.59)) in nonimplemented woredas. Children whose age was between 12 and 23 months (AOR = 1.6) and greater than 24 months (AOR = 5), availability of handwashing facilities (AOR = 4), disposal of waste in open field (AOR = 9.7), unimproved source of drinking water (AOR = 6.5), using only water for handwashing (AOR = 6), children who started complementary feeding less than 6 months (AOR = 5.6) and greater than 6 months (AOR = 5.2), and utensils used to feed children such as bottle (AOR = 3.9) were the factors positively associated with diarrhea. Conclusion. The overall prevalence of under-five diarrhea was 27.5%. The prevalence was low in CLTSH woredas as compared with non-CLTSH woredas. The study showed that handwashing facility, using only water for handwashing, open refuse disposal, and unimproved source of drinking water among under-five had a statistically significant association with diarrhea occurrence in CLTSH nonimplemented areas. Integrated efforts are needed from the Ministry of Health together with the WASH Project in improving drinking water, handwashing facilities, and solid waste disposal practices.

scholarly journals Metals Exposures of Residents Living Near the Akaki River in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Yard ◽  
Tesfaye Bayleyegn ◽  
Almaz Abebe ◽  
Andualem Mekonnen ◽  
Matthew Murphy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Urinary Iodine ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Akaki River

Background. The Akaki River in Ethiopia has been found to contain elevated levels of several metals. Our objectives were to characterize metals exposures of residents living near the Akaki River and to assess metal levels in their drinking water.Methods. In 2011, we conducted a cross-sectional study of 101 households in Akaki-Kality subcity (near the Akaki River) and 50 households in Yeka subcity (distant to the Akaki River). One willing adult in each household provided urine, blood, and drinking water sample.Results. Urinary molybdenum (p<0.001), tungsten (p<0.001), lead (p<0.001), uranium (p<0.001), and mercury (p=0.049) were higher in Akaki-Kality participants compared to Yeka participants. Participants in both subcities had low urinary iodine; 45% met the World Health Organization (WHO) classification for being at risk of moderate iodine deficiency. In Yeka, 47% of households exceeded the WHO aesthetic-based reference value for manganese; in Akaki-Kality, only 2% of households exceeded this value (p<0.001). There was no correlation between metals levels in water samples and clinical specimens.Conclusions. Most of the exposures found during this investigation seem unlikely to cause acute health effects based on known toxic thresholds. However, toxicity data for many of these metals are very limited.

scholarly journals Pesticide Use and Self-Reported Symptoms of Acute Pesticide Poisoning among Aquatic Farmers in Phnom Penh, Cambodia

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanne Klith Jensen ◽  
Flemming Konradsen ◽  
Erik Jørs ◽  
Jørgen Holm Petersen ◽  
Anders Dalsgaard
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Protective Measure ◽  
Pesticide Poisoning ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Phnom Penh ◽  
Pesticide Management ◽  
Handling Practices ◽  
Acute Pesticide Poisoning

Organophosphates and carbamates (OPs/CMs) are known for their acetylcholinesterase inhibiting character. A cross-sectional study of pesticide handling practices and self-perceived symptoms of acute pesticide poisoning was conducted using questionnaire-based interviews with 89 pesticide sprayers in Boeung Cheung Ek (BCE) Lake, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. The study showed that 50% of the pesticides used belonged to WHO class I + II and personal protection among the farmers were inadequate. A majority of the farmers (88%) had experienced symptoms of acute pesticide poisoning, and this was significantly associated with the number of hours spent spraying with OPs/CMs (OR = 1.14, CI 95%: 1.02–1.28). The higher educated farmers reduced their risk of poisoning by 55% for each extra personal protective measure they adapted (OR = 0.45, CI 95%: 0.22–0.91). These findings suggest that improving safe pesticide management practices among the farmers and enforcing the effective banning of the most toxic pesticides will considerably reduce the number of acute pesticide poisoning episodes.

scholarly journals Prevalence of food insecurity at household level and its associated factors in rural Puducherry: A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 303
Author(s):  
SGanesh Kumar ◽  
Bharathnag Nagappa ◽  
Tanveer Rehman ◽  
Yamini Marimuthu ◽  
Shanthosh Priyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Household Level
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